POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

• US 20110221278A1
• Filed: 05/20/2011
• Published: 09/15/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Karalis, Aristeidis, Soljacic, Marin, Moffatt, Robert, Kurs, Andre B., Joannopoulos, John D., Fisher, Peter H.
• Application Number:
  US13/112,476
• Publication Number:
  US 20110221278A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/04 Resonant antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/0037 for power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4902 Electromagnet, transformer or inductor

Abstract

Described herein are embodiments of a power supply system that includes a power supply coil and a power supply-side resonance coil that are provided at a facility, a power receiving coil and a power receiving-side resonance coil that are provided for a mobile unit, a power supply-side information exchange unit, a power receiving-side information exchange unit, and an adjustment unit that adjusts a relative position of the power supply coil with respect to the power supply-side resonance coil and a relative position of the power receiving coil with respect to the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of the information exchanged by the information exchange units.

Claims

1. A power supply system comprising:

a power supply coil and a power supply-side resonance coil that are provided at a facility;

a power receiving coil and a power receiving-side resonance coil that are provided for a mobile unit;

a power supply-side information exchange unit;

a power receiving-side information exchange unit; and

an adjustment unit that adjusts a relative position of the power supply coil with respect to the power supply-side resonance coil and a relative position of the power receiving coil with respect to the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of the information exchanged by the information exchange units.

2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts a distance between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil and a distance between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of a distance between the power supply-side resonance coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil.

3. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts a distance between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil so as to maximize a power supply efficiency, and adjusts a distance between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil so as to maximize a power supply efficiency.

4. The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts the power supply-side distance ratio and the power receiving-side distance ratio so as to control a power supply efficiency.

5. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts an amount of deviation in coil axis between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil and an amount of deviation in coil axis between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of a distance between the power supply-side resonance coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil.

6. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts an angle made between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil and an angle made between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of a distance between the power supply-side resonance coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil.

7. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts a coil radius of the power supply coil with respect to the power supply-side resonance coil and a coil radius of the power receiving coil with respect to the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of a distance between the power supply-side resonance coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil.

8. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts any one of a distance between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil, an amount of deviation in coil axis between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil, an angle made between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil or a coil radius of the power supply coil with respect to the power supply-side resonance coil and adjusts any one of a distance between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil, an amount of deviation in coil axis between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil, an angle made between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil or a coil radius of the power receiving coil with respect to the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of a distance between the power supply-side resonance coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil.

9. A power supply system comprising:

a power supply coil and a power supply-side resonance coil that are provided at a facility;

a power receiving coil and a power receiving-side resonance coil that are provided for a mobile unit;

a power supply efficiency detection unit that detects a power supply efficiency that indicates a transmission efficiency of electric power; and

an adjustment unit that, after the mobile unit stops around the facility, changes a relative position between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil and a relative position between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil within a predetermined range, and that adjusts the relative positions within the predetermined range so as to substantially maximize the power supply efficiency detected by the power supply efficiency detection unit.

10. A method of controlling a power supply system that includes a power supply coil and a power supply-side resonance coil that are provided at a facility;

and a power receiving coil and a power receiving-side resonance coil that are provided for a mobile unit, the method comprising;

detecting information from the power supply-side resonance coil;

detecting information from the power receiving-side resonance coil; and

adjusting a relative position of the power supply coil with respect to the power supply-side resonance coil and a relative position of the power receiving coil with respect to the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of the position of the power supply-side resonance coil and the position of the power receiving-side resonance coil.

11. A method of controlling a power supply system that includes a power supply coil and a power supply-side resonance coil that are provided at a facility;

and a power receiving coil and a power receiving-side resonance coil that are provided for a mobile unit, the method comprising;

detecting a power supply efficiency that indicates a transmission efficiency of electric power; and

after the mobile unit stops around the facility, adjusting a relative position between the power supply coil and the power supply-side resonance coil and a relative position between the power receiving coil and the power receiving-side resonance coil so as to substantially maximize the power supply efficiency.

12. A wireless power transmission apparatus comprising a high Q magnetic field resonator comprising a material with high dielectric constant and low loss.

13. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 12, wherein the high Q magnetic field resonator comprises at least one of Titania, Barium tetratitanate, or Lithium tantalite.

14. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 12, wherein the resonator further comprises at least one capacitive element and at least one inductive element.

15. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 12, wherein the resonator further comprises a magnetic material.

16. A wireless power transmission apparatus comprising a high Q magnetic field resonator comprising a material with high effective index.

17. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 16, wherein the high Q magnetic field resonator comprises at least one of a negative-ε

material, a plasmonic material, a metal-like material, a metallo-dielectric material, a plasmono-dielectric material, or a photonic crystal material.

18. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 16, wherein the resonator further comprises at least one capacitive element and at least one inductive element.

19. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 16, wherein the resonator further comprises a magnetic material.

20. A wireless power transmission apparatus comprising a high Q magnetic field resonator comprising a material formed of sub-wavelength structures.

21. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 20, wherein the high Q magnetic field resonator comprises at least one of a negative-c material, a plasmonic material, a metal-like material, a metallo-dielectric material, a plasmono-dielectric material, or a photonic crystal material.

22. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 20, wherein the resonator further comprises at least one capacitive element and at least one inductive element.

23. The wireless power transmission apparatus of claim 20, wherein the resonator further comprises a magnetic material.

24. A mobile device having a wireless power transmission apparatus comprising a high Q magnetic field resonator comprising a material with high dielectric constant and low loss.

25. A mobile device having a wireless power transmission apparatus comprising a high Q magnetic field resonator comprising a material with high effective index.

26. The mobile device of claim 25, wherein the high Q magnetic field resonator comprises at least one of a negative-c material, a plasmonic material, a metal-like material, a metallo-dielectric material, a plasmono-dielectric material, or a photonic crystal material.

27. The mobile device of claim 25, wherein the resonator further comprises at least one capacitive element and at least one inductive element.

28. The mobile device of claim 25, wherein the resonator further comprises a magnetic material.

29. A mobile device having a wireless power transmission apparatus comprising a high Q magnetic field resonator comprising a material formed of sub-wavelength structures.

30. The mobile device of claim 29, wherein the high Q magnetic field resonator comprises at least one of a negative-c material, a plasmonic material, a metal-like material, a metallo-dielectric material, a plasmono-dielectric material, or a photonic crystal material.

31. The mobile device of claim 29, wherein the resonator further comprises at least one capacitive element and at least one inductive element.

32. The mobile device of claim 29, wherein the resonator further comprises a magnetic material.

33. A wireless power transmission method comprising:

making a high-Q resonator which includes at least one capacitive element and at least one inductive element and a material, wherein the material comprises as least one of a magnetic material, a negative-c material, a plasmonic material, a metal-like material, a metallo-dielectric material, a plasmono-dielectric material, or a photonic crystal material, and wherein the resonator is configured for wireless power transmission to at least one additional high-Q resonator.