Voltage Regulator Bypass Resistance Control

• US 20110234187A1
• Filed: 03/24/2010
• Published: 09/29/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 03/24/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: R2 Semiconductor, Inc.
• Original Assignee: R2 Semiconductor, Inc.
• Inventors: Brown, James E. C., Rothenberg, Bret, Burns, Lawrence M.
• Granted Patent: US 8,248,044 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 323/282
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0045 Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/385 with means for correcting output voltage deviations introduced by the dead time
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1588 comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

Embodiments for at least one method and apparatus of controlling a bypass resistance of a voltage regulator are disclosed. One method includes generating a regulated output voltage based upon a switching voltage. The switching voltage is generated through controlled closing and opening of a series switch element and a shunt switch element, the series switch element and the shunt switch element being connected between voltages based on an input voltage. A control of a duty cycle of the switching voltage is provided by sensing and feeding back the regulated output voltage. The bypass resistance is controlled based on a parameter related to the duty cycle, wherein the control of the duty cycle is persistent during the control of the bypass resistance.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a bypass resistance of a voltage regulator, comprising:

generating a regulated output voltage based upon a switching voltage;

generating the switching voltage through controlled closing and opening of a series switch element and a shunt switch element, the series switch element and the shunt switch element being connected between voltages based on an input voltage;

providing a control of a duty cycle of the switching voltage by sensing and feeding back the regulated output voltage;

controlling the bypass resistance based on a parameter related to the duty cycle, wherein the control of the duty cycle is persistent during the control of the bypass resistance.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bypass resistance couples the input voltage to the regulated output voltage.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the bypass resistance is controllable over more than two values.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bypass resistance is controllably turned on if the parameter related to the duty cycle is sensed to be above a first threshold.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the bypass resistance is controllably turned off if the parameter related to the duty cycle is sensed to be below a second threshold.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the bypass resistance comprises a bypass FET.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the control of the bypass resistance comprises frequency detection of the switching voltage.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltage regulator comprises an output storage inductor, and wherein the method further comprises adjusting a conductance of at least one of the series switch element and shunt switch element based at least in part on sensing a negative current flowing through the output storage inductor.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltage regulator comprises an output storage inductor, wherein at least one of the series switch element and shunt switch element comprises switch segments, and wherein the method further comprises adjusting conductance of at least one of the series switch element and shunt switch element by activating or deactivating one or more of the switch segments based at least in part on sensing a negative current flowing through the output storage inductor.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein a frequency of the switching voltage is substantially maintained while controllably adjusting the bypass resistance.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein a pulse-width modulation loop that controls the duty cycle has a faster response time than a bypass control loop that controls the bypass resistance.

12. A method of controlling a bypass resistance of a voltage regulator, comprising:

generating a regulated output voltage based upon a switching voltage;

generating the switching voltage through controlled closing and opening of a series switch element and a shunt switch element, the series switch element and the shunt switch element being connected between voltages based on an input voltage;

providing a control of a duty cycle of the switching voltage by sensing and feeding back the regulated output voltage;

controlling the bypass resistance based on a parameter related to the duty cycle, wherein the bypass resistance is controllable over more than two values.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the control of the duty cycle is persistent regardless of the control of the bypass resistance.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the bypass resistance couples the input voltage to the regulated output voltage.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein a pulse-width modulation loop that controls the duty cycle has a faster response time than a bypass control loop that controls the bypass resistance.

16. A voltage regulator, comprising:

a series switch element and a shunt switch element connected between voltages based on an input voltage;

means for generating a switching voltage through controlled closing and opening of the series switch element and the shunt switch element;

means for generating a regulated output voltage based upon a switching voltage;

a duty cycle controller for controlling a duty cycle of the switching voltage by sensing and feeding back the regulated output voltage;

a bypass resistance coupled between the input voltage and the regulated output voltage; and

means for controlling the bypass resistance based on a parameter related to the duty cycle, wherein the control of the duty cycle is persistent during the control of the bypass resistance.

17. The voltage regulator of claim 16, wherein the bypass resistance is controllable over more than two values.

18. The voltage regulator of claim 16, wherein the bypass resistance is controllably turned on if the parameter related to the duty cycle is sensed to be above a first threshold.

19. The voltage regulator of claim 16, wherein the bypass resistance is controllably turned off if the parameter related to the duty cycle is sensed to be below a second threshold.

20. The voltage regulator of claim 16, wherein the bypass resistance comprises a bypass FET.

21. The voltage regulator of claim 16, further comprising a frequency detector for controlling the bypass resistance based on frequency detection of the switching voltage.

22. The voltage regulator of claim 16, further comprising:

an output storage inductor; and

means for adjusting a conductance of at least one of the series switch element and shunt switch element based at least in part on sensing a negative current flowing through the output storage inductor.

23. The voltage regulator of claim 16, further comprising:

an output storage inductor; and

wherein at least one of the series switch element and shunt switch element comprises switch segments, and

further comprising means for adjusting conductance of at least one of the series switch element and shunt switch element by activating or deactivating one or more of the switch segments based at least in part on sensing a negative current flowing through the output storage inductor.

24. The voltage regulator of claim 16, wherein a frequency of the switching voltage is substantially maintained while controllably adjusting the bypass resistance.

25. A voltage regulator, comprising:

a series switch element and a shunt switch element connected between voltages based on an input voltage;

means for generating a switching voltage through controlled closing and opening of the series switch element and the shunt switch element;

means for generating a regulated output voltage based upon a switching voltage;

a duty cycle controller for controlling a duty cycle of the switching voltage by sensing and feeding back the regulated output voltage;

a bypass resistance coupled between the input voltage and the regulated voltage; and

means for controlling the bypass resistance based on a parameter related to the duty cycle, wherein the bypass resistance is controllable over more than two values.

26. The voltage regulator of claim 25, wherein the control of the duty cycle is persistent regardless of the control of the bypass resistance.

27. The voltage regulator of claim 25, wherein a frequency of the switching voltage is substantially maintained while controllably adjusting the bypass resistance.

28. A voltage regulator, comprising:

a series switch element and a shunt switch element connected between voltages based on an input voltage;

means for generating a switching voltage through controlled closing and opening of the series switch element and the shunt switch element;

means for generating a regulated output voltage based upon a switching voltage;

a pulse-width modulation loop operative to control a duty cycle of the switching voltage by sensing and feeding back the regulated output voltage;

a bypass resistance coupled between the input voltage and the regulated output voltage; and

a bypass control loop operative to control the bypass resistance based on a parameter related to the duty cycle, wherein a response time of the pulse-width modulation loop is faster than a response time of the bypass control loop.