Nitric Oxide Delivery System

• US 20110240019A1
• Filed: 01/31/2011
• Published: 10/06/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/01/2010
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Vero Biotech LLC
• Original Assignee: GENO LLC
• Inventors: Fine, David H., Vasquez, Gregory, Denton, Ryan, Johnson, Bryan
• Application Number:
  US13/017,768
• Publication Number:
  US 20110240019A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/202.26
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/12 by mixing different gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/1035 the anaesthetic agent concentration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0208 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0275 Nitric oxide [NO]

Abstract

Methods and systems of using liquid nitrogen dioxide (N₂O₄) with a ventilator can generate and deliver nitric oxide to a patient by means of a ventilator.

Claims

1. A system for delivering a therapeutic amount of nitric oxide comprising:

a ventilator delivering a gas mixture of oxygen and/or air;

a liquid reservoir containing dinitrogen tetroxide;

a tube from the reservoir configured to connect to the gas supply being delivered to the patient;

a first receptacle coupled to the tube;

wherein the receptacle comprises a surface-activated material saturated with an aqueous solution of an antioxidant and

a patient interface coupled to the first receptacle, wherein the first receptacle converts nitrogen dioxide into nitric oxide prior to reaching the patient interface.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of air includes nitrogen, oxygen-enriched air, or substantially pure oxygen.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the reservoir contains compressed nitrogen dioxide with or without a diluent gas.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the receptacle comprises a cartridge.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the surface-activated material is a silica gel, activated charcoal, activated carbon, activated alumina or calcium sulfate.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is ascorbic acid, alpha tocopherol, or gamma tocopherol.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second receptacle wherein the second receptacle comprises a surface-activated material saturated with an aqueous solution of an antioxidant.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the patient interface is a mouth piece, face mask, or fully-sealed face mask, or the interface is a tracheal intubator.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a heating element associated with the reservoir.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a valve coupled to the reservoir and the tube.

11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a gas mixer in communication with the reservoir and the source of air.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the tube has a bore size of about 25 microns or less.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the tube has a bore size of 10 microns or less.

14. A system for delivering a therapeutic amount of nitric oxide comprising:

a ventilator delivering a gas mixture of oxygen and/or air;

a gas bottle containing NO₂ in a diluent gas;

a flow regulator and a valve configured to be connected to the gas bottle;

a first receptacle;

wherein the receptacle comprises a surface-activated material saturated with an aqueous solution of an antioxidant and

a patient interface coupled to the first receptacle, wherein the first receptacle converts nitrogen dioxide into nitric oxide prior to reaching the patient interface.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the gas bottle contains 800 to 2000 ppm of NO₂.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the receptacle comprises a cartridge.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the surface-activated material is a silica gel, activated charcoal, activated carbon, activated alumina or calcium sulfate.

18. The system of claim 14, wherein the antioxidant is ascorbic acid, alpha tocopherol, or gamma tocopherol.

19. The system of claim 14, further comprising a second receptacle wherein the second receptacle comprises a surface-activated material saturated with an aqueous solution of an antioxidant.

20. The system of claim 14, wherein the patient interface is a mouth piece, face mask, or fully-sealed face mask, or the patient interface is a tracheal intubator.

21. A method of providing a therapeutic amount of nitric oxide to a mammal comprising:

injecting nitrogen dioxide into the air/oxygen gas stream leaving the ventilator;

exposing the nitrogen dioxide to a surface-active material coated with an antioxidant to convert the gaseous nitrogen dioxide to nitric oxide at ambient temperature; and

transporting the nitric oxide in a therapeutic amount to a mammal.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the nitrogen dioxide is generated from liquid nitrogen dioxide contained within a reservoir.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the reservoir is coupled to a tube wherein tube has a bore size of about 25 microns or less.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising a valve coupled to the reservoir and the tube.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein injecting nitrogen dioxide into the air/oxygen gas stream includes providing a predetermined dose of nitrogen dioxide at a particular temperature.

26. The method of claim 21, further comprising predetermining the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the air/oxygen gas stream by controlling the flow rate of the air/oxygen gas stream.

27. The method of claim 21, further comprising mixing nitrogen dioxide and the air/oxygen gas before exposing the nitrogen dioxide to a surface-active material.

28. The method of claim 21, wherein the surface-activated material is a silica gel, activated charcoal, activated carbon, activated alumina or calcium sulfate.

29. The method of claim 21, wherein the antioxidant is ascorbic acid, alpha tocopherol, or gamma tocopherol.

30. The method of claim 21, further comprising contacting the nitric oxide with a second surface-active material coated with an antioxidant immediately prior to inhalation by the mammal.

31. The method of claim 21, wherein the nitrogen dioxide is introduced from a pressurized gas bottle containing nitrogen dioxide in a diluent gas.