CARBONATION CALCINATION REACTION PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE USING A HIGHLY REGENERABLE SORBENT
First Claim
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1. A method of eliminating carbon emissions by integrating a carbonation-calcination process in a conventional coal fired power plant, comprising:
- drawing a flue gas into a first particle collection device, said first particle capture device removing a portion of ash from said cooled flue gas creating a separated flue gas;
directing said separated flue gas into a carbonator;
removing CO2 and SO2 from said separated flue gas;
separating a gas-solid mixture from said carbonator in a second particle capture device to form a lean-CO2 flue gas and a solid stream;
preheating air for combustion using said lean-CO2 flue gas;
mixing said solid stream with a fresh sorbent to create a sorbent mixture;
calcining said sorbent mixture forming a calcined sorbent mixture;
directing said calcined sorbent mixture to a third particle capture device to form a concentrated CO2 stream and a sorbent stream, said sorbent stream is directed to a hydrator and said concentrated CO2 stream is directed to a heat-exchanger;
drawing steam from a turbine into said heat exchanger;
preheating said steam in said heat exchanger to form preheated steam;
directing said preheated steam to said hydrator;
hydrating said sorbent stream in said hydrator to form hydrated solids; and
directing said hydrated solids to said carbonator to interact with said separated flue gas.
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Abstract
A process for the efficient capture of CO2 and sulfur from combustion flue gas streams and gasification based fuel gas mixtures using regenerable and recyclable calcium based sorbents. The regeneration of the calcium sorbent is accomplished by hydrating the sorbent at high temperatures of about 600° C. and a pressure higher than 6 bars to lower the parasitic energy consumption.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method of eliminating carbon emissions by integrating a carbonation-calcination process in a conventional coal fired power plant, comprising:
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drawing a flue gas into a first particle collection device, said first particle capture device removing a portion of ash from said cooled flue gas creating a separated flue gas; directing said separated flue gas into a carbonator; removing CO2 and SO2 from said separated flue gas; separating a gas-solid mixture from said carbonator in a second particle capture device to form a lean-CO2 flue gas and a solid stream; preheating air for combustion using said lean-CO2 flue gas; mixing said solid stream with a fresh sorbent to create a sorbent mixture; calcining said sorbent mixture forming a calcined sorbent mixture; directing said calcined sorbent mixture to a third particle capture device to form a concentrated CO2 stream and a sorbent stream, said sorbent stream is directed to a hydrator and said concentrated CO2 stream is directed to a heat-exchanger; drawing steam from a turbine into said heat exchanger; preheating said steam in said heat exchanger to form preheated steam; directing said preheated steam to said hydrator; hydrating said sorbent stream in said hydrator to form hydrated solids; and directing said hydrated solids to said carbonator to interact with said separated flue gas. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of eliminating carbon emissions by integrating a carbonation-calcination process in a conventional coal fired power plant, comprising:
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drawing a flue gas into a first particle collection device so as to produce a separated flue gas; directing said separated flue gas into a carbonator; removing CO2 and SO2 from said separated flue gas; separating a gas-solid mixture from said carbonator in a second particle capture device to form a lean-CO2 flue gas and a solid stream, said lean-CO2 flue gas used to preheat air for combustion; mixing said solid stream with a fresh sorbent to create a sorbent mixture; calcining said sorbent mixture forming a calcined sorbent mixture; directing said calcined sorbent mixture to a third particle capture device to for a concentrated CO2 stream and a sorbent stream, said sorbent stream is directed to a hydrator and said concentrated CO2 stream is directed to a heat-exchanger; drawing steam into said heat exchanger; preheating said steam in said heat exchanger to form preheated steam; directing said preheated steam to said hydrator; hydrating said sorbent stream in said hydrator to form hydrated solids; and directing said hydrated solids to said carbonator to interact with said separated flue gas. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17)
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18. A energy efficient sorbent reactivation system, comprising:
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a sorbent including a metal oxide; two concentric cylindrical reactors including an inner reactor and an outer reactor, the inner reactor is a pressurized vessel adapted to receive steam and a metal oxide, the inner reactor hydrates the metal oxide to form a metal hydroxide; a gravity feed wherein the hydrated metal hydroxide is fed from the inner reactor to the outer reactor;
the outer reactor adapted to dehydrate the metal hydroxide to form a metal oxide, wherein said inner reactor is adapted to transfer exothermic heat generated from hydration to supply the outer reactor with the energy required to for the dehydration reaction; anda carbonator adapted to receive the dehydrated metal oxide from the outer reactor. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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Specification