Techniques For Migrating A Virtual Machine Using Shared Storage

• US 20110320556A1
• Filed: 06/29/2010
• Published: 12/29/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Reuther, Lars
• Granted Patent: US 9,317,314 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 709/213
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/4557 Distribution of virtual machine instances; Migration and load balancing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/45583 Memory management, e.g. access or allocation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45558 Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4856 resumption being on a different machine, e.g. task migration, virtual machine migration G06F9/5088 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5016 the resource being the memory
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

Techniques for providing the ability to live migrate a virtual machine from one physical host to another physical host employ shared storage as the transfer medium for the state of the virtual machine. In addition, the ability for a virtualization module to use second-level paging functionality is employed, paging-out the virtual machine memory content from one physical host to the shared storage. The content of the memory file can be restored on another physical host by employing on-demand paging and optionally low-priority background paging from the shared storage to the other physical host.

Claims

1. A computer readable storage medium including executable instructions operable to initiate a migration operation to transfer a virtual machine from a source computer system to a target computer system, the computer readable storage medium comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause pages of guest physical memory allocated to a source virtual machine to be copied to a host operating system page file located in a shared storage medium while a guest operating system executes in the source virtual machine;

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause pages of guest physical memory that the guest operating system changed while the pages are being copied to the host operating system page file to be identified;

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause the identified pages to be copied to the host operating system page file;

instructions that upon execution by the target computer system cause guest physical memory to be allocated to a target virtual machine; and

instructions that upon execution by the target computer system cause pages to be read into guest physical memory of the target virtual machine from the host operating system page file in response to receiving page faults associated with the pages.

2. The computer readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause the source computer system to communicate with the shared storage medium via a network.

3. The computer readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause the source virtual machine to be stopped and remaining identified pages to be copied to the host operating system page file in response to determining that a different between contents of pages of the guest physical memory and contents of the host operating system page file is less than a predetermined threshold.

4. The computer readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause the source virtual machine to be stopped and remaining identified pages to be copied to the host operating system page file in response to determining that an operation for copying pages of guest physical memory has executed more than a threshold number of times.

5. The computer readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the target computer system cause the target computer system to copy the pages stored in the host operating system page file into guest physical memory of the target computer system based on an availability of otherwise idle resources.

6. The computer readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause virtual device state information for virtual devices of the source virtual machine to be copied to the host operating system page file;

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause virtual device state information that has changed while the guest operating system executes to be identified; and

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause the identified virtual device state information to be copied to the host operating system page file.

7. The computer readable storage medium of claim 6, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause remaining identified pages and identified virtual device state information to be copied to the host operating system page file in response to determining that a different between contents of pages of the guest physical memory and contents of the host operating system page file is less than a predetermined threshold.

8. The computer readable storage medium of claim 6, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause remaining identified pages and identified virtual device state information to be copied to the host operating system page file in response to determining that an operation for copying pages of guest physical memory has executed more than a threshold number of times.

9. The computer readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising:

instructions that upon execution by the source computer system cause the pages of guest physical memory allocated to the source virtual machine to be copied to the host operating system page file in response to determining that a number of pages of guest physical memory currently paged out to the host operating system page file is greater than a threshold.

10. A method for migrating a source virtual machine running on a source computer system to a target computer system, comprising:

copying, while a guest operating system executes in the source virtual machine, pages of guest physical memory allocated to the source virtual machine to a saved-state file located in a networked storage system;

identifying pages in the guest physical memory that the guest operating system changed while the pages were being copied to the saved-state file; and

copying the identified pages to the saved-state file.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

establishing a network communication channel with the networked storage system.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

copying remaining identified pages to the staved-state file in response to determining that a number of pages that the guest operating system changed while the pages were being copied to the saved-state file is less than a threshold.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

copying remaining identified pages to the staved-state file in response to determining that an operation for copying pages of guest physical memory has executed more than a threshold number of times.

14. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

copying pages of guest physical memory allocated to the source virtual machine to the saved-state file located in the networked storage system in response to determining that second-level paging is disabled.

15. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

copying virtual device state information for virtual devices of the source virtual machine to the saved-state file;

identifying virtual device state information that changed while the guest operating system executed; and

causing the identified virtual device state information to be copied to the saved-state file.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

stopping the source virtual machine and copying remaining identified virtual device state information to the saved-state file in response to determining that a number of identified pages changed while the pages were being copied to the saved-state file is less than a threshold.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

stopping the source virtual machine and copying remaining identified virtual device state information to the saved-state file in response to determining that an operation for copying pages of guest physical memory has executed more than a threshold number of times.

18. A system for enabling migration of a source virtual machine from a source computer system to a target computer system, comprising:

the source computer system including a source computer readable storage medium;

the target computer system including a target computer readable storage medium;

a networked storage system operatively coupled to the source computer system and to the target computer system;

wherein the source computer readable storage medium comprises;

instructions for causing pages of guest physical memory allocated to the source virtual machine to be copied to a virtualization module page file located in the shared storage medium;

instructions for causing pages in the guest physical memory that a guest operating system changed while the pages were being copied to the virtualization module page file to be identified;

instructions for causing the identified pages to be copied to the host operating system page file;

instructions for causing guest physical memory to be allocated in the target virtual machine;

wherein the target computer readable storage medium comprises;

instructions for causing pages to be read into guest physical memory of the target virtual machine from the virtualization module page file in response to receiving page faults associated with the pages.

19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the source computer readable storage medium further comprises:

instructions for determining whether a number of pages in the guest physical memory that the guest operating system changed while the pages were being copied to the virtualization module page file is fewer than a maximum number;

instructions for determining whether a maximum number of save passes has been reached; and

instructions for causing remaining identified pages to be copied to the virtualization module page file.

20. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the source computer readable storage medium further comprises:

instructions for causing virtual device state of the source virtual machine to be copied to the virtualization module page file;

instructions for identifying virtual device state that the guest operating system changed while the states were being copied to the virtualization module page file.