LITHIUM ION BATTERY

• US 20120021297A1
• Filed: 10/19/2009
• Published: 01/26/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/2008
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
• Original Assignee: Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
• Inventors: Hauser, Otto, Frey, Hartmut
• Application Number:
  US13/125,178
• Publication Number:
  US 20120021297A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/303
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/414 Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/443 Particulate material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/446 Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A lithium battery comprising an anode and a cathode structure separated from one another by a membrane structure. The membrane structure comprises a layer which is only conductive to lithium ions and which is characterized by the property of having sufficient mechanical stability at temperatures higher than 150° C. to prevent a local short circuit between the anode and the cathode structure.

Claims

1-22. -22. (canceled)

23. A lithium ion battery comprising:

a cathode comprising a metallic conducting substrate and a first polycrystalline layer situated on the substrate,

an ion-conducting membrane structure comprising at least one lithium-conducting layer, and

an anode comprising a second polycrystalline layer and a metallic conducting layer, the second polycrystalline layer facing the membrane structure,

wherein the lithium-conducting layer comprises a polymer film comprising a polymer having a glass transition temperature higher than 150°

C. and being conductive to lithium ions due to physical treatment.

24. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the physically treatment of the polymer film is such that channels and/or lithium ions or lithium atoms are introduced in the lithium-conducting layer by bombardment with lithium ions or lithium atoms.

25. The lithium ion battery according to claim 24, wherein a clearance between an introduced lithium atom and the anode, cathode or other layer adjoining the lithium-conducting layer is not greater than 20 nm

26. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the lithium-conducting layer has a thickness of from 2 to 19 μ

m.

27. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the lithium-conducting layer has a thickness of from 2 to 5 μ

m.

28. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the ion-conducting membrane structure comprises a second layer which is porous.

29. The lithium ion battery according to claim 28, wherein the lithium-conducting layer is thinner than the second layer.

30. The lithium ion battery according to claim 28, wherein the second layer has a thickness of between 10 and 20 μ

m.

31. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the metallic conducting substrate comprises a material selected from nickel and stainless steel.

32. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein at least one of the first and second polycrystalline layers comprises a nanocrystalline layer.

33. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the first polycrystalline layer comprises a material selected from MnO₂, CoO₂ and NiMn.

34. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein ion-conducting membrane structure comprises a material selected from polyetherketone, polysulfone, polyimide, polyethersulfone, polybenzimidazole, and polyphosphazene.

35. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the second polycrystalline layer comprises a material selected from C, Si, LiAl, LiC, and LiNi.

36. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the ion-conducting membrane structure comprises polyethylene oxide.

37. The lithium ion battery according to claim 23, wherein the lithium-conducting layer contains covalent-bonding gel electrolyte comprising star-shaped or linear polymer chains in which lithium ion-conducting material is embedded.

38. A method for producing a lithium ion battery comprising:

a cathode comprising a metallic conducting substrate and a first polycrystalline layer situated on the substrate,

an ion-conducting membrane structure comprising at least one lithium-conducting layer, and

an anode comprising a second polycrystalline layer and a metallic conducting layer, the second polycrystalline layer facing the membrane structure,

the method comprising depositing the lithium-conducting layer as a polymer film on a second layer of the membrane structure, the polymer film comprising a polymer having a glass transition temperature higher than 150°

C., and subsequently physically treating the polymer film such that the polymer film is conductive to lithium ions.

39. The method according to claim 38, wherein the physical treatment comprises bombarding the polymer film with lithium ions or lithium atoms.

40. The method according to claim 38, wherein the polymer film is a thin, gas-tight polymer film.

41. The method according to claim 40, wherein the lithium-conducting layer is deposited on the second layer of the membrane structure by dip or spin coating.

42. The method according to claim 38, wherein the lithium-conducting layer is deposited onto the second layer of the membrane structure by high pressure atomization spraying.

43. The method according to claim 42, wherein the lithium-conducting layer is sprayed onto the second layer of the membrane structure with addition of substances selected from Li₃PO₄, Li₃P and silicon particles.

44. The method according to claim 38, wherein the lithium-conducting layer is deposited on the anode or on the cathode.

45. The method according to claim 38, wherein the lithium-conducting layer is deposited on the second layer of the membrane structure as a sol-gel layer comprising a polymer selected from polybenzimidazole and polyphosphazene, wherein the polymer is combined with ZrO₂ particles.