PULSE DETECTION USING PATIENT PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS

• US 20120035676A1
• Filed: 10/21/2011
• Published: 02/09/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 08/26/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Physio-Control Incorporated (Stryker Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Physio-Control Incorporated (Stryker Corporation)
• Inventors: Owen, James M., Jayne, Cynthia P., Crone, William E.
• Granted Patent: US 8,591,425 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/6
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02108 from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02427 Details of sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/082 Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath A61B5/083, A61B5/091 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4848 Monitoring or testing the effects of treatment, e.g. of medication
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/746 Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms alarms per se G08B
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/488 involving Doppler signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3625 External stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/365 controlled by a physiological parameter, e.g. heart potential evoked response A61N1/371
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36557 controlled by chemical substances in blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3904 External heart defibrillators [EHD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39044 in combination with cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3987 characterised by the timing or triggering of the shock

Abstract

The presence of a cardiac pulse in a patient is determined by evaluating physiological signals in the patient. In one embodiment, a medical device evaluates optical characteristics of light transmitted into a patient to ascertain physiological signals, such as pulsatile changes in general blood volume proximate a light detector module. Using these features, the medical device determines whether a cardiac pulse is present in the patient. The medical device may also be configured to report whether the patient is in a VF, VT, asystole, or PEA condition, in addition to being in a pulseless condition, and prompt different therapies, such as chest compressions, rescue breathing, defibrillation, and PEA-specific electrotherapy, depending on the analysis of the physiological signals. Auto-capture of a cardiac pulse using pacing stimuli is further provided.

Claims

1. A medical device comprising:

a defibrillation electrode; and

a pulse detector detachably coupled to the defibrillation electrode.

2. The medical device of claim 1, further comprising a processor to detect a pulse based on a first pulse detection performed at a first position of a patient, and a second pulse detection performed upon detachment of the pulse sensor at a second position of a patient.

3. The medical device of claim 1, in which the pulse sensor is reattachable to the defibrillation electrode upon detachment.

4. The medical device of claim 1, in which the pulse sensor is an optical pulse sensor.

5. The medical device of claim 1, in which the pulse detector is a mechanical pulse detector.

6. A medical device comprising:

a defibrillation electrode; and

a light source for a pulse detector embedded in the defibrillation electrode.

7. A method comprising:

applying a defibrillation electrode attached to a pulse detector to a first position of a patient;

performing a first pulse detection;

detaching the pulse detector from the defibrillation electrode; and

placing the detached pulse detector at a second position of the patient.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising performing a second pulse detection with the pulse detector placed at the second position.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising reattaching the pulse detector to the defibrillation electrode.

10. The method of claim 7, in which the pulse detector is an optical pulse detector.

11. The method of claim 7, in which the pulse detector is a mechanical pulse detector.