COMMUNICATION STATION AND METHOD FOR EFFICIENTLY PROVIDING CHANNEL FEEDBACK FOR MIMO COMMUNICATIONS

• US 20120045003A1
• Filed: 08/23/2010
• Published: 02/23/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Li, Qinghua, Niu, Huaning, Lin, Xintian E., Zhu, Yuan, Kenney, Thomas J., Perahia, Eldad, Li, Honggang
• Granted Patent: US 8,446,971 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 375/260
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/024 Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0452 Multi-user MIMO systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0478 Special codebook structures directed to feedback optimisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0482 Adaptive codebooks
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0639 Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0641 Differential feedback
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/066 Combined feedback for a number of channels, e.g. over several subcarriers like in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [OFDM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03414 Multicarrier
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03955 in combination with downlink estimations, e.g. downlink path losses

Abstract

Embodiments of a communication station and methods for efficiently providing channel feedback for MIMO communications over an OFDM channel are generally described herein. In some embodiments, receiving stations may perform a recursive differential quantization of channel information across time and/or frequency to generate quantized differential channel feedback. The quantized differential channel feedback from each receiving station may be used by a transmitting station to precode MIMO transmissions to one or more of the receiving stations. The quantized differential channel feedback may be either a quantized differential channel matrix or a quantized differential beamforming matrix.

Claims

1. A method performed by a receiving station for providing channel feedback for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) channel, the method comprising:

performing recursive differential quantization of channel information across at least one of time and frequency to generate quantized differential channel feedback; and

transmitting the quantized differential channel feedback to a transmitting station for use in precoding a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission, wherein the quantized differential channel feedback comprises one of a quantized differential channel matrix and a quantized differential beamforming matrix.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the MIMO transmission is one of a single-user MIMO transmission, multiple-user MIMO transmission or a cooperative MIMO transmission, and

wherein the quantized differential channel matrix comprises two to four bits for each matrix element, and

wherein the quantized differential beamforming matrix comprises between two to twenty-one bits for each matrix.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein to generate the quantized differential channel matrix, the method comprises either:

normalizing a channel matrix for a first subcarrier in the frequency domain and using a differential codebook to recursively quantize a difference between the normalized channel matrix for the first subcarrier and an initial reference matrix;

or

scaling the differential codebook to match a channel magnitude and using the scaled differential codebook to recursively quantize a difference between the channel matrix for the first subcarrier and the initial reference matrix.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein recursively quantizing includes:

iteratively updating the initial reference matrix for a number of iterations based on a difference between a previously updated reference matrix and the channel matrix for the first subcarrier to obtain a refined reference matrix; and

quantizing a difference between each subsequent refined reference matrix and the channel matrix to generate quantization indices for the first subcarrier,

wherein the initial reference matrix is initially a constant matrix.

5. The method of claim 3 further comprising quantizing a difference between a channel entry in the channel matrix for a current subcarrier and a reconstructed channel entry of a prior subcarrier to generate quantization indices for the current subcarrier that are to be fed back to the transmitting station,

wherein the prior subcarrier is initially the first subcarrier.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein for performing differential quantization across frequency, the current subcarrier and the prior subcarrier are non-adjacent subcarriers and are separated by one or more intervening subcarriers, and

wherein the method comprises refraining from performing the differential quantization on the intervening subcarriers.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising performing differential quantization across time for subsequent samples of a subcarrier.

8. The method of claim 5 further comprising initially quantizing the channel matrix for the first subcarrier in an entry-by-entry manner using a conventional quantization codebook with a 64-QAM constellation.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein to generate the quantized differential beamforming matrix, the method comprises:

generating a candidate set of quantized beamforming matrices by rotating initial beamforming matrices in the differential codebook to center around the initial reference beamforming matrix;

evaluating performance of at least some of the candidate matrices; and

selecting one of the candidate matrices based on the evaluated performance and using the selected candidate matrix as a refined reference matrix for further iterations of either a current subcarrier or a next subcarrier.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein to perform differential quantization across frequency for generating the quantized differential beamforming matrix, the method comprises using the selected candidate matrix as the refined reference matrix for further iterations for differential quantization of the next subcarrier, the next subcarrier being separated by one or more intervening subcarriers from a prior subcarrier.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein to perform differential quantization across time for generating the quantized differential beamforming matrix, the method comprises using the selected candidate matrix as the refined reference matrix for further iterations for differential quantization of subsequent samples of a same subcarrier.

12. The method of claim 9 further comprising adding a cyclic-redundancy check (CRC) to frames that comprise the quantized differential beamforming matrix for transmission to the transmitting station.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the MIMO transmission is a multi-user MIMO transmission that comprises a concurrent transmission of spatially-separated data packets by the transmitting station to two or more receiving stations, and

wherein each of the spatially-separated data packets are precoded for receipt by an associated one of the receiving stations based on quantized differential channel feedback provided by the associated receiving station.

14. A receiving station configured to provide channel feedback for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications over an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) channel, the receiving station comprising:

differential quantization circuitry to recursively quantize differential channel information across one of time and frequency to generate quantized differential channel feedback; and

circuitry to transmit the quantized differential channel feedback to a transmitting station for use in precoding a MIMO transmission for subsequent receipt by the receiving station,

wherein the quantized differential channel feedback comprises one of a quantized differential channel matrix and a quantized differential beamforming matrix.

15. The receiving station of claim 14 wherein the differential quantization circuitry is configured to either:

normalize a channel matrix for a first subcarrier in the frequency domain and using a differential codebook to recursively quantize a difference between the normalized channel matrix for the first subcarrier and an initial reference matrix;

or

scale the differential codebook to match a channel magnitude and using the scaled differential codebook to recursively quantize a difference between the channel matrix for the first subcarrier and an initial reference matrix.

16. The receiving station of claim 15 wherein the differential quantization circuitry is configured to recursively quantize by:

iteratively updating the initial reference matrix for a number of iterations based on a difference between a previously updated reference matrix and the channel matrix for the first subcarrier to obtain a refined reference matrix; and

quantizing a difference between each subsequent refined reference matrix and the channel matrix to generate quantization indices for the first subcarrier,

wherein the initial reference matrix is initially a constant matrix.

17. The receiving station of claim 15 wherein the differential quantization circuitry is further configured to quantize a difference between a channel entry in the channel matrix for a current subcarrier and a reconstructed channel entry of a prior subcarrier to generate quantization indices for the current subcarrier that are to be fed back to the transmitting station,

wherein the prior subcarrier is initially the first subcarrier.

18. The receiving station of claim 14 wherein to generate the quantized differential beamforming matrix, the differential quantization circuitry is configured to:

generate a candidate set of quantized beamforming matrices by rotating initial beamforming matrices in the differential codebook to center around the initial reference beamforming matrix;

evaluate performance of at least some of the candidate matrices; and

select one of the candidate matrices based on the evaluated performance and using the selected candidate matrix as a refined reference matrix for further iterations of either a current subcarrier or a next subcarrier.

19. A method for performing differential quantization of channel information to generate a quantized differential channel matrix for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications over an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) channel, the method comprising:

either normalizing a channel matrix for a first subcarrier in the frequency domain and using a differential codebook to recursively quantize a difference between the normalized channel matrix for the first subcarrier and an initial reference matrix;

or

scaling the differential codebook to match channel magnitude and using the scaled differential codebook to recursively quantize a difference between the channel matrix for the first subcarrier and the initial reference matrix, and

iteratively updating the initial reference matrix for a number of iterations based on a difference between a previously updated reference matrix and the channel matrix for the first subcarrier to obtain a refined reference matrix; and

quantizing a difference between each subsequent iteratively updated refined reference matrix and the channel matrix to generate quantization indices for the first subcarrier,

wherein the initial reference matrix is initially a constant matrix.

20. The method of claim 19 further comprising quantizing a difference between a channel entry in the channel matrix for a current subcarrier and a reconstructed channel entry of a prior subcarrier to generate the quantization indices for the current subcarrier that are to be fed back to the transmitting station,

wherein the prior subcarrier is initially the first subcarrier.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the differential quantization of channel information is performed across frequency such that the current subcarrier and the prior subcarrier are non-adjacent subcarriers and are separated by one or more intervening subcarriers, and

wherein the method comprises refraining from performing the differential quantization on the intervening subcarriers.

22. The method of claim 21 further comprising performing differential quantization of the channel information across time for subsequent samples of a subcarrier to generate quantization indices that represent quantized differences in elements of the channel matrix across time and frequency.

23. A method for performing differential quantization of channel information to generate a quantized differential beamforming matrix for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications over an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) channel, the method comprising:

generating a candidate set of quantized beamforming matrices by rotating initial beamforming matrices in a differential codebook to center around an initial reference beamforming matrix;

evaluating performance of at least some of the quantized beamforming matrices of the candidate set;

selecting one of the quantized beamforming matrices of the candidate set based on the evaluated performance; and

performing further iterations of the generating, evaluating and selecting using a prior selected quantized beamforming matrix from a prior iteration as a refined reference beamforming matrix for each subsequent iteration.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein the further iterations are performed for either a predetermined number of further iterations or until a predetermined performance criteria is met.

25. The method of claim 24 further comprising performing a differential quantization across frequency to generate a quantized differential beamforming matrix for an initial subcarrier by using the selected quantized beamforming matrix as the refined reference beamforming matrix for further iterations for a next subcarrier, the next subcarrier being separated by one or more intervening subcarriers from a prior subcarrier.

26. The method of claim 25 further comprising performing a differential quantization across time to generate a quantized differential beamforming matrix for a current subcarrier using the selected quantized beamforming matrix as the refined reference beamforming matrix for further iterations of subsequent samples of the subcarrier.

27. The method of claim 26 further comprising adding a cyclic-redundancy check (CRC) to frames that comprise each subsequent quantized differential beamforming matrix that is to be transmitted to a transmitting station.