FLUID TITRATION SYSTEM

• US 20120046557A1
• Filed: 11/01/2011
• Published: 02/23/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Masimo Corporation
• Original Assignee: JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JP Morgan Chase & Co)
• Inventors: Kiani, Massi E.
• Granted Patent: US 9,820,691 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/481
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0295 using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6826 Finger
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6838 Clamps or clips
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3306 Optical measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3313 used specific wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/142 Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps

Abstract

A fluid titration system has an optical sensor, a physiological monitor, a titration controller and an infusion device. The optical sensor transmits multiple wavelengths of light into a tissue site of a person and detects the optical radiation after attenuation by pulsatile blood flowing within the tissue site. The physiological monitor receives a resulting sensor signal and derives a plethysmograph that corresponds to the pulsatile blood flow. The monitor also calculates a plethysmograph variability measure that is responsive to changes in perfusion at the tissue site. A titration controller generates a fluid control output according to the variability measure. The infusion device administers a liquid solution via an intravenous (IV) connection to the person according to the fluid control output so as to regulate at least one of a fluid flow start, rate and stop.

Claims

1. A fluid titration system comprising:

a noninvasive optical sensor including a light source configured to irradiate tissue of a monitored patient and one or more photodetectors configured to detect said light after attenuation by said tissue, said sensor outputting a signal responsive to said detected attenuated light;

a physiological monitor configured to communicate with said sensor and receive said signal, said monitor including a processor configured to process said signal to determine one or more parameters indicative of a blood volume in said patient;

a fluid titration controller configured to access said determined one or more parameters and to output an infusion trigger when said blood volume indicates a need for additional liquids by said patient; and

an infusion device configured to administer liquid solutions to said patient upon receipt of said infusion trigger.

2. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein said determined one or more parameters comprises a measure of plethysmograph variability.

3. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein infusion trigger is generated when said blood volume decreases due to dehydration.

4. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein infusion trigger is generated when said blood volume decreases due to hemorrhaging.

5. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein infusion trigger is generated when said blood volume decreases due to a medical procedure being performed on said patient.

6. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein said liquid solution comprises blood products.

7. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein said liquid solution comprises nutrient fluids.

8. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein said physiological monitor includes said fluid titration controller.

9. The fluid titration system according to claim 8 wherein said processor is configured to perform said calculations of said fluid titration controller.

10. The fluid titration system according to claim 2 wherein said infusion device includes said fluid titration controller.

11. A method of managing a blood volume of a monitored patient, the method comprising:

noninvasively detecting light attenuated by tissue of said monitored patient at a measurement site;

electronically determining a measure of blood volume response to detected light;

electronically determining whether said measure indicates a need for said monitored patient to receive additional liquid solutions;

triggering an infusion device when said determining indicates said need; and

administering liquid solutions when said infusion device is triggered.

12. The method according to claim 11 wherein said triggering comprises electronically triggering and said administering comprises electronically

administering with said infusion device.

13. The method according to claim 11 wherein said electronically determining said measure of blood volume comprises electronically processing a respiration-induced cyclical variation in a plethysmograph.

14. The method according to claim 11 wherein said need originates from a dehydration condition of said patient.

15. The method according to claim 11 wherein said need originates from a hemorrhaging condition of said patient.

16. The method according to claim 11 wherein said electronically determining said measure of blood volume comprises processing signals responsive to said detected light in an oximeter.

17. The method according to claim 11 wherein said electronically determining said measure of blood volume comprises electronically comparing said measure with a predetermined threshold.

18. The method according to claim 11 wherein said triggering comprises generating a trigger signal in an oximeter.

19. The method according to claim 11 wherein said triggering comprises generating a trigger signal in said infusion device.