Method for mass production of graphene and carbon tubes by deposition of carbon atoms, on flat surfaces and inside walls of tubes, generated from dissociation of a carbon-containing gas stimulated by a tunable high power pulsed laser
First Claim
1. A concept to create regions (within a chamber), partially confined by surfaces of a solid substrate, for a carbon-containing gas (CCG, such as methane, carbon dioxide, ethanol, ethylene, etc.) to be in free molecular conditions inside the regions, for a train of a pre-determined number of pulses of a tunable high power laser (such as helium-neon, xenon-fluoride, carbon-dioxide, hydrogen-chloride lasers, excimer lasers, etc.), compatible with the major absorption bands of the chosen CCG, to go through the regions to cause dissociation of most of the carbon atoms from the CCG molecules during one mean free path of flight of said molecules and deposition of said atoms to the adjacent surfaces of said substrate during each light pulse, and for diffusion mechanism to replenish with fresh CCG to, and empty other dissociated gas products from, the regions during each intermission between two consecutive pulses, thus avoiding inter-molecule collisions and molecule-solid surface collisions of the under-energized molecules to continuously, raise said substrate materials'"'"' temperatures, and achieving the goal of having a complete one-atom-thick layer of hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms to grow on the substrate surfaces without causing substrate materials to reach their melting point temperatures.
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Abstract
A method for mass production of graphene and carbon tubes is presented. A carbon-containing gas (CCG) inside a set of thin gaps formed by an array of flat plates, or small multiple bores in a cylindrical shell, is maintained under free molecular conditions at all times. A train of intermittent light pulses of a tunable high power laser beam compatible with the CCG'"'"'s major absorption bands is sent through the CCG inside the gaps, or bores, to cause dissociation of the carbon atoms from the CCG molecules in said molecules'"'"' one mean free path of flight and deposition of said atoms onto the adjacent solid surfaces (plate or bore walls) during each pulse, and after a pre-determined number of pulses to form a one-atom-thick layer of hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms. Said carbon atom layers on the flat plate surfaces are graphene, those on the shell bore walls carbon tubes. Large quantity and size, and predicted high quality of products are special features of this method.
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Citations
3 Claims
- 1. A concept to create regions (within a chamber), partially confined by surfaces of a solid substrate, for a carbon-containing gas (CCG, such as methane, carbon dioxide, ethanol, ethylene, etc.) to be in free molecular conditions inside the regions, for a train of a pre-determined number of pulses of a tunable high power laser (such as helium-neon, xenon-fluoride, carbon-dioxide, hydrogen-chloride lasers, excimer lasers, etc.), compatible with the major absorption bands of the chosen CCG, to go through the regions to cause dissociation of most of the carbon atoms from the CCG molecules during one mean free path of flight of said molecules and deposition of said atoms to the adjacent surfaces of said substrate during each light pulse, and for diffusion mechanism to replenish with fresh CCG to, and empty other dissociated gas products from, the regions during each intermission between two consecutive pulses, thus avoiding inter-molecule collisions and molecule-solid surface collisions of the under-energized molecules to continuously, raise said substrate materials'"'"' temperatures, and achieving the goal of having a complete one-atom-thick layer of hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms to grow on the substrate surfaces without causing substrate materials to reach their melting point temperatures.
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