Mixed Refrigerant Compression Circuit

• US 20120067080A1
• Filed: 03/16/2011
• Published: 03/22/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Woodside Energy Limited (Woodside Petroleum Limited)
• Original Assignee: Woodside Energy Limited (Woodside Petroleum Limited)
• Inventors: Byfield, Geoffrey Brian, Pandalaneni, Prabhu
• Granted Patent: US 9,746,234 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 62/613
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 1/10 with multi-stage compression with cascade operation F25B7/00
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2400/06 Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2400/075 with parallel compressors
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 5/00 Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity with cascade operation F25B7/00
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 5/02 arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 5/04 arranged in series
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0022 Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0052 by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0087 Propane; Propylene
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0214 as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0215 with one SCR cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0216 using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0242 Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0279 Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0282 Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0283 Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0285 Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/029 Mechanically coupling of different refrigerant compressors in a cascade refrigeration system to a common driver
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0292 Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0294 Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 1/0295 : Shifting of the compression load between different cooling stages within a refrigerant cycle or within a cascade refrigeration system
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2230/20 : Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2230/22 : Compressor driver arrangement, e.g. power supply by motor, gas or steam turbine
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2230/24 : Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2240/82 : with waste heat recovery, e.g. in a combined cycle, i.e. for generating steam used in a Rankine cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2270/12 : External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2290/50 : Arrangement of multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step in parallel

Abstract

A refrigerant circuit includes a first compression stage for compressing a mixed refrigerant gas, the first compression stage including at least a first compressor body and a second parallel compressor body, each compressor body including a suction inlet and an outlet, a first distribution means for splitting the flow of refrigerant gas to the first stage of compression across the at least two parallel compressor bodies, such that a first stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the first compressor body and a second stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the second compressor body, a second compression stage for compressing the mixed refrigerant gas, and a first merging means for recombining the first stream of refrigerant gas with the second stream of refrigerant gas downstream of the first compression stage for delivery to the second compression stage.

Claims

1. A refrigerant circuit for use in a liquefaction plant, the refrigerant circuit comprising:

a first compression stage for compressing a mixed refrigerant gas from a first pressure to a second pressure, the first compression stage comprising at least a first compressor body and a second parallel compressor body, each compressor body including a suction inlet and an outlet;

a first distribution means for splitting the mass flow of refrigerant gas to the first stage of compression across the at least two parallel compressor bodies, such that a first stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the first compressor body and a second stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the second compressor body;

a second compression stage for compressing the mixed refrigerant gas from the second pressure to a third pressure, the second compression stage comprising a single compressor body; and

a first merging means for recombining the first stream of refrigerant gas with the second stream of refrigerant gas to form a combined stream downstream of the first compression stage for delivery to the single compressor body of the second compression stage.

2. The refrigerant circuit of claim 1, further comprising a first intercooling heat exchanger for removing heat of compression from the refrigerant, wherein the first intercooling heat exchanger is arranged between the first compression stage and the second compression stage.

3. The refrigerant circuit of claim 2, wherein the first merging means is arranged upstream of the first intercooling heat exchanger.

4. The refrigerant circuit of claim 1, wherein the first distribution means is arranged to split the mass flow of refrigerant gas evenly between the at least two parallel compressor bodies.

5. The refrigerant circuit of claim 1, wherein each of the at least two parallel compressor bodies is capable of compressing a suction volumetric flow rate of refrigerant gas of at least 100,000 m³/h or at least 150,000 m³/h or at least 200,000 m³/h.

6. The refrigerant circuit of claim 1, wherein one or both of the first and second compression stages comprises at least two segments arranged in a single back to back compressor body.

7. The refrigerant circuit of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant circuit comprises a first compression string drivingly coupled to a first driver and a second compression string drivingly coupled to a second driver, and the first and second compression stages are arranged on the first and second compression string such that each of the first and second compression strings comprises no more than two compressor bodies.

8. The refrigerant circuit of claim 7, wherein the first and second drivers provide substantially even power draw to the refrigeration circuit.

9. The refrigerant circuit of claim 7, wherein at least one of the first and second drivers comprises a gas turbine and the refrigeration circuit further comprises a third driver in the form of a steam turbine driven by the waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine.

10. The refrigerant circuit of claim 1, further comprising a third compression stage for compressing the mixed refrigerant gas from the third pressure to a fourth pressure.

11. The refrigerant circuit of claim 10, further comprising a second intercooling heat exchanger arranged between the second compression stage and the third compression stage for removing heat of compression from the refrigerant.

12. The refrigerant circuit of claim 10, wherein the second and third compression stages are combined within a single back to back compressor body.

13. The refrigerant circuit of claim 10, further comprising a second distribution means for splitting the mass flow of refrigerant gas to the second stage of compression across the at least two parallel first and second compressor bodies, such that a first stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the first compressor body and a second stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the second compressor body, and a second merging means for recombining the first stream of refrigerant gas with the second stream of refrigerant gas downstream of the second compression stage for delivery to the third compression stage.

14. A plant for the production of a liquefied hydrocarbon product such as liquefied natural gas, the plant comprising:

a main heat exchanger in which natural gas is liquefied by indirect heat exchange with an evaporating mixed refrigerant; and

a refrigerant circuit according to any one of the preceding claims for compressing the evaporated refrigerant for re-use in the main heat exchanger system.

15. The plant for the production of a liquefied hydrocarbon product of claim 14, wherein the first distribution means is arranged upstream of the main heat exchanger system.

16. A method for cooling, preferably liquefying, a hydrocarbon stream, wherein the hydrocarbon stream to be cooled by indirect heat exchange with an evaporating refrigerant, and the evaporated refrigerant is cooled using a refrigerant circuit, the method comprising:

compressing a mixed refrigerant gas from a first pressure to a second pressure in a first compression stage, the first compression stage comprising at least a first compressor body and a second parallel compressor body, each compressor body including a suction inlet and an outlet;

splitting the mass flow of refrigerant gas to the first stage of compression across the at least two parallel compressor bodies, such that a first stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the first compressor body and a second stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the second compressor body;

compressing the mixed refrigerant gas from the second pressure to a third pressure in a second compression stage, the second compression stage comprising a single compressor body; and

recombining the first stream of refrigerant gas with the second stream of refrigerant gas to form a combined stream downstream of the first compression stage for delivery to the single compressor body of the second compression stage.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

removing heat of compression from the refrigerant in a first intercooling heat exchanger, wherein the first intercooling heat exchanger is arranged between the first compression stage and the second compression stage.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first merging means is arranged upstream of the first intercooling heat exchanger.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the first distribution means is arranged to split the mass flow of refrigerant gas evenly between the at least two parallel compressor bodies.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein each of the at least two parallel compressor bodies is arranged to receive a suction volumetric flow rate of refrigerant gas of at least 100,000 m³/h or at least 150,000 m³/h or at least 200,000 m³/h.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein one or both of the first and second compression stages comprises at least two segments arranged in a single back to back compressor body.

22. The method of claim 16, wherein the refrigerant circuit comprises a first compression string drivingly coupled to a first driver and a second compression string drivingly coupled to a second driver, and the first and second compression stages are arranged on the first and second compression string such that each of the first and second compression strings comprises no more than two compressor bodies.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the first and second drivers provide substantially even power draw to the refrigeration circuit.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein at least one of the first and second drivers comprises a gas turbine and the refrigeration circuit further comprises a third driver in the form of a steam turbine driven by the waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine.

25. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

compressing the mixed refrigerant gas from the third pressure to a fourth pressure in a third compression stage.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising:

removing heat of compression from the refrigerant in a second intercooling heat exchanger arranged between the second compression stage and the third compression stage.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein the second and third compression stages are combined within a single back to back compressor body.

28. The method of claim 25, further comprising:

splitting the mass flow of refrigerant gas to the second stage of compression across the at least two parallel first and second compressor bodies, such that a first stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the first compressor body and a second stream of refrigerant gas is fed to the suction inlet of the second compressor body; and

recombining the first stream of refrigerant gas with the second stream of refrigerant gas downstream of the second compression stage for delivery to the third compression stage.