NFC DEVICE HAVING A DIFFERENTIAL INPUT ENVELOPE DETECTOR

• US 20120083205A1
• Filed: 10/04/2010
• Published: 04/05/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/04/2010
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Savoj, Jafar, Marcu, Cristian
• Application Number:
  US12/897,520
• Publication Number:
  US 20120083205A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/41.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10237 the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 3/00 Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations H03D5/00, H03D9/00, H03D11/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49016 Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49117 Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

A differential input envelope detector receives an unamplified Near Field Communication (NFC) input signal from an NFC antenna and downconverts an NFC intelligence signal to baseband. In one example, the NFC input signal includes the NFC intelligence signal modulated onto a carrier. The differential input envelope detector downconverts and outputs the downconverted NFC intelligence signal onto an output node in such a way that the fundamental and odd harmonics of the carrier are canceled on the output node. There is substantially no signal of the frequency of the carrier present on the output node and this facilitates filtering of the downconverted NFC intelligence signal from interference and data recovery. An NFC data recovery circuit receives the downconverted NFC intelligence signal from the envelope detector output node. The NFC data recovery circuit can be a low power digital circuit involving an ultra-low power ADC and subsequent low power digital processing circuitry.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a system comprising:

coupling a Near Field Communication (NFC) antenna to a differential input envelope detector.

2. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 1, wherein the system is a mobile communication device, and wherein the differential input envelope detector is adapted to perform frequency demodulation to downconvert an NFC intelligence signal from a frequency band located at about 13.56 MHz to a baseband frequency band located at about zero hertz.

3. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 1, wherein the differential input envelope detector is a differential input source follower envelope detector.

4. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 1, wherein said coupling involves coupling the NFC antenna through a matching network and a voltage scaler to the differential input envelope detector.

5. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 1, further comprising:

providing a data recovery circuit that receives a signal output by the differential input envelope detector and recovers digital information bits from the signal.

6. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 5, wherein the data recovery circuit comprises:

an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC); and

a Mueller-Muller processing circuit that receives a stream of digital values output by the ADC.

7. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 5, wherein the data recovery circuit comprises:

an analog DC offset removal circuit; and

an analog comparator that receives a signal output by the analog DC offset removal circuit.

8. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 1, wherein a first signal from the NFC antenna is received onto a gate of a first transistor of the differential input envelope detector, wherein a second signal from the NFC antenna is received onto a gate of a second transistor of the differential input envelope detector, and wherein a source of the first transistor is coupled to a source of the second transistor.

9. The method of manufacturing the system of claim 8, wherein the first signal passes from a first terminal of the NFC antenna, through a matching network, through a voltage scaler circuit, and onto the gate of the first transistor, and wherein the second signal passes from a second terminal of the NFC antenna, through the matching network, through the voltage scaler circuit, and onto the gate of the second transistor.

10. A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit comprising:

providing a first terminal adapted to receive a first signal from a Near Field Communication (NFC) antenna;

providing a second terminal adapted to receive a second signal from the NFC antenna; and

fabricating a differential input envelope detector such that a first input lead of the differential input envelope detector is coupled to the first terminal and such that a second input lead of the differential input envelope detector is coupled to the second terminal, wherein the first terminal, the second terminal and the differential input envelope detector are parts of the integrated circuit.

11. The method of manufacturing the integrated circuit of claim 10, wherein the first terminal is coupled to the first input lead of the differential input envelope detector via a voltage scaler circuit, wherein the second terminal is coupled to second input lead of the differential input envelope detector via the voltage scaler circuit, and wherein the voltage scaler circuit is also a part of the integrated circuit.

12. The method of manufacturing the integrated circuit of claim 10, further comprising:

fabricating a data recovery circuit such that an output lead of the differential input envelope detector is coupled to an input lead of the data recovery circuit.

13. The method of manufacturing the integrated circuit of claim 10, further comprising:

fabricating an NFC energy harvesting circuit coupled to power the differential input envelope detector in a passive mode of operation of the integrated circuit.

14. The method of manufacturing the integrated circuit of claim 10, wherein the integrated circuit is an NFC communication device adapted to receive an NFC communication from the NFC antenna and to recover digital information bits from the NFC communication.

15. The method of manufacturing the integrated circuit of claim 10, wherein the differential input envelope detector is adapted to perform frequency demodulation to downconvert an NFC intelligence signal from a frequency band located at about 13.56 MHz to a baseband frequency band located at about zero hertz.

16. An integrated circuit comprising:

a first terminal;

a second terminal;

a differential input envelope detector circuit coupled to receive a first signal from the first terminal and coupled to receive a second signal from the second terminal; and

a Near Field Communication (NFC) data recovery circuit coupled to receive a signal from the differential input envelope detector circuit.

17. The integrated circuit of claim 16, further comprising:

an NFC energy harvesting circuit adapted to power the differential input envelope detector circuit in a passive mode of operation of the integrated circuit.

18. The integrated circuit of claim 16, further comprising:

a voltage scaler circuit coupled to supply the first signal from the first terminal onto a first input lead of the differential input envelope detector circuit and coupled to supply the second signal from the second terminal onto a second input lead of the differential input envelope detector circuit.

19. The integrated circuit of claim 16, wherein the NFC data recovery circuit comprises:

an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC); and

a Mueller-Muller processing circuit coupled to receive a stream of digital values output by the ADC.

20. The integrated circuit of claim 16, wherein the NFC data recovery circuit comprises:

an analog DC offset removal circuit that outputs an analog signal; and

an analog comparator that receives the analog signal output by the analog DC offset removal circuit.

21. The integrated circuit of claim 16, wherein the differential input envelope detector comprises:

a first transistor having a gate, a source and a drain, wherein the first signal is received onto the gate of the first transistor; and

a second transistor having a gate, a source and a drain, wherein the second signal is received onto the gate of the second transistor, wherein the source of the second transistor is coupled to the source of the first transistor.

22. The integrated circuit of claim 21, wherein the differential input envelope detector further comprises:

a capacitor having a first lead and a second lead, wherein the first lead is coupled to the source of the first transistor and to the source of the second transistor, and wherein the second lead is coupled to a ground conductor.

23. The integrated circuit of claim 21, wherein the drain of the first transistor is coupled to the drain of the second transistor and to a supply voltage conductor.

24. The integrated circuit of claim 22, wherein the differential input envelope detector further comprises:

a biasing circuit coupled to draw a bias current from a node of the differential input envelope detector, wherein the node includes the source of the first transistor, the source of the second transistor, and the first lead of the capacitor.

25. The integrated circuit of claim 21, wherein the signal received by the NFC data recovery circuit is present on an input lead of the NFC data recovery circuit, and wherein the input lead of the NFC data recovery circuit is coupled to the sources of the first and second transistors.

26. An apparatus comprising:

means for receiving an unamplified differential Near Field Communication (NFC) input signal from an NFC antenna and for performing frequency demodulation such that an NFC intelligence signal is downconverted, wherein the NFC input signal includes the NFC intelligence signal modulated on a carrier signal, wherein the carrier signal has a frequency, and wherein the means is also for outputting the downconverted NFC intelligence signal onto an output node with substantially no signal of the frequency being present on the output node; and

a Near Field Communication (NFC) data recovery circuit that receives the downconverted NFC intelligence signal from the output node.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the apparatus is an integrated circuit, and wherein the NFC antenna is not a part of the integrated circuit.

28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the apparatus is a mobile communication device, and wherein the NFC antenna is a part of the mobile communication device.

29. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the means includes a differential input envelope detector, a first integrated circuit terminal coupled to a first input lead of the differential input envelope detector, and a second integrated circuit terminal coupled to a second input lead of the differential input envelope detector.