METHOD OF COUNTERACTING SEIZURES

• US 20120095524A1
• Filed: 06/29/2010
• Published: 04/19/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2009
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: The Bionics Institute Of Australia
• Original Assignee: The Bionics Institute Of Australia
• Inventors: Nelson, Timothy Scott, Cook, Mark James, Burkitt, Anthony Neville
• Application Number:
  US13/381,586
• Publication Number:
  US 20120095524A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/45
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36082 Cognitive or psychiatric applications, e.g. dementia or Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for counteracting seizure events in a mammalian brain, the method comprising applying an electrical stimulus to the brain, the electrical stimulus being pulsatile and comprising pulses forming a pulse train. In order to effectively “desynchronize” the neural activity patterns in the brain, the pulse train can be at a frequency greater than substantially 300 Hz and at a duty cycle greater than substantially 20%, the pulse train can have an inconstant inter pulse interval such that the pulse rate is not constant throughout the pulse train, and the pulses can have a pulse width greater than substantially 300 μsec. Apparatus for carrying out the method is also described.

Claims

1. A device for counteracting seizure events in a mammalian brain, the device comprising:

at least one electrode configured to apply an electrical stimulus to the brain; and

a stimulus generator which is arranged to apply an electrical stimulation to the brain via the at least one electrode, the electrical stimulation being pulsatile and comprising pulses forming a pulse train, wherein the pulse train has an inconstant inter pulse interval such that the pulse rate is not constant throughout the pulse train, and wherein the pulses having a pulse width greater than substantially 300 μ

sec.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the pulse rate is pseudo-randomly varied about the average pulse rate.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the inter-pulse intervals vary according to a Poisson distribution.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the pulses have a pulse width between 300 and 1200 μ

sec per phase.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the pulses have a pulse width between 300 and 1000 μ

sec per phase.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the average pulse rate is greater than 300 Hz.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse train is greater than 20%.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein the stimulus generator is configured to apply the electrical stimulation to the brain for between 300 ms and 3000 ms.

14. The device of claim 1, comprising a monitor to monitor electrical activity of the brain to detect a seizure event, wherein the stimulus generator is configured to apply the electrical stimulus only in response to a seizure event being detected.

15. The device of claim 14, wherein the monitor comprises a signal processor and a sensor and the at least one electrode serves as the sensor.

16. The device of claim 14, wherein the stimulus is initiated less than two seconds after detection of a seizure event.

17. The device of claim 14, wherein the stimulus generator is configured to adapt the parameters of the electrical stimulation in response to measured brain electrical activity before, during or after application of one or more preceding stimuli.

18. The device of claim 1 comprising:

an implanatable component, the implantable component comprising the electrode(s) and an internal antenna; and

an external component comprising a power source, the processor, and an external antenna for wireless transcutaneous communication with the internal antenna.

19. The device of claim 18, wherein the internal antenna and external antenna comprise inductive coils for effecting inductive transcutaneous power transmission to power the implantable component.

4. (canceled)

7. (canceled)

9-10. -10. (canceled)

12. (canceled)

20. A device for counteracting seizure events in a mammalian brain, the device comprising:

at least one electrode configured to apply an electrical stimulus to the brain; and

a stimulus generator which is arranged to apply an electrical stimulation to the brain via the at least one electrode, the electrical stimulation being pulsatile and comprising pulses forming a pulse train having a frequency greater than substantially 300 Hz and at a duty cycle greater than substantially 20%.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the pulse train has an inconstant inter pulse interval such that the pulse rate is not constant throughout the pulse train.

22. The device of claim 21, wherein the pulse rate is pseudo-randomly varied about the average frequency, the average frequency constituting said electrical stimulation frequency.

23. The device of claim 22, wherein the variation in inter-pulse intervals is as per a Poisson distribution.

24. The device of claim 20, wherein the frequency is greater than 350 Hz.

32. The device of claim 20, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse train is greater than 30%.

33. The device of claim 20, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse train is greater than 50%.

25-31. -31. (canceled)

34-35. -35. (canceled)

36. A method for counteracting seizure events in a mammalian brain, the method comprising applying an electrical stimulus to the brain, the electrical stimulus being pulsatile and comprising pulses forming a pulse train, wherein the pulse train has an inconstant inter pulse interval such that the pulse rate is not constant throughout the pulse train, and wherein the pulses having a pulse width greater than substantially 300 μ

sec.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the pulse train has an inconstant inter pulse interval such that the pulse rate is not constant throughout the pulse train.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the pulse rate is pseudo-randomly varied about the average pulse rate.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the variation of the inter-pulse interval is as per a Poisson distribution.

41. The method of claim 36, wherein the pulses have a pulse width between 300 and 1200 μ

sec per phase.

43. The method of claim 36, wherein the average pulse rate is greater than 300 Hz.

46. The method of claim 36, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse train is greater than 20%.

48. The method of claim 36, wherein the stimulus generator is configured to apply the electrical stimulation to the brain for between 300 ms and 3000 ms.

49. The method of claim 36 comprising monitoring electrical activity of the brain to detect a seizure event, and applying the electrical stimulus only in response to a seizure event being detected.

50. The method of claim 49, wherein the stimulus is initiated less than two seconds after detection of a seizure event.

51. The method of claim 36, comprising adapting the parameters of the electrical stimulation in response to measured brain electrical activity before, during or after application of one or more preceding stimuli.

40. (canceled)

42. (canceled)

44-45. -45. (canceled)

47. (canceled)

52. A method for counteracting seizure events in a mammalian brain, the method comprising applying an electrical stimulus to the brain, the electrical stimulus being pulsatile and comprising pulses forming a pulse train at a frequency greater than substantially 300 Hz and at a duty cycle greater than substantially 20%.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein the pulse train has an inconstant inter pulse interval such that the pulse rate is not constant throughout the pulse train.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein the pulse rate is pseudo-randomly varied about the average pulse rate, the average pulse rate constituting said frequency of stimulation.

55. The method of claim 54, wherein the inter-pulse intervals vary according to a Poissonian distribution.

56. The method of claim 52, wherein the frequency is greater than 350 Hz.

64. The method of claim 52, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse train is greater than 30%.

65. The method of claim 52, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse train is greater than 50%.

57-63. -63. (canceled)

66-67. -67. (canceled)