REDOX FLOW BATTERY

• US 20120107661A1
• Filed: 11/02/2011
• Published: 05/03/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/03/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Lee, Doo-yeon, Oh, Duk-jin, Park, Joung-won, Hwang, Seung-sik, Lee, Myung Jin
• Granted Patent: US 9,216,652 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/107
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/18 Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/188 by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/20 Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible H01M8/18 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

A redox flow battery including a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte, each of which includes a metal-ligand coordination complex, in which a metal of a metal-ligand coordination complex of the positive electrode electrolyte is different from a metal of a metal-ligand coordination complex of the negative electrode electrolyte. Due to use of different metals in the positive and negative electrode electrolytes, the redox flow battery has high energy density and high charge and discharge efficiency.

Claims

1. A redox flow battery comprising:

a positive electrolytic solution;

a negative electrolytic solution; and

an ion exchange membrane located between the positive electrolytic solution and the negative electrolytic solution,

wherein each of the positive electrolytic solution and the negative electrolytic solution comprises a solvent, a support electrolyte, and a metal-ligand coordination complex, and

the metal-ligand coordination complex in the positive electrolytic solution and the metal-ligand coordination complex in the negative electrolytic solution comprise different metals, and are each selected from the group consisting of an iron (Fe)-ligand coordination complex and a vanadium (V)-ligand coordination complex.

2. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein a ligand contained in the metal-ligand coordination complexes comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of 2,2′

-bipyridine, terpyridyl, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, 1,10-phenanthroline, acetylacetonate, and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC).

3. The redox flow battery of claim 2, wherein the NHC is 2,6-bis(methylimidazole-2-ylidene)pyridine.

4. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the iron-ligand coordination complex is an iron-2,2′

-bipyridine, an iron-1,10-phenanthroline, or an iron-acetylacetonate coordination complex.

5. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the vanadium-ligand coordination complex is a vanadium-2,2′

-bipyridine, a vanadium-1,10-phenanthroline, or a vanadium-acetylacetonate coordination complex.

6. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the metal-ligand coordination complexes are reversibly oxidized and reduced.

7. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the solvent is a non-aqueous solvent.

8. The redox flow battery of claim 7, wherein the non-aqueous solvent comprises at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, acetonitrile, γ

-butyrolactone (GBL), propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), fluoroethylene carbonate, and N,N-dimethyl acetamide.

9. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the counter anions of the metal-ligand coordination complexes are BF₄⁻

, PF₆⁻

, CF₃SO₃⁻

, or (CF₃SO₂)₂N⁻

.

10. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the support electrolyte is at least one electrolyte selected from the group consisting of LiBF₄, LiPF₆, LiClO₄, LiCF₃SO₃, Li(CF₃SO₂)₂N, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF₄) and tetrabutylammonium tertrafluoroborate (TBABF₄).

11. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the ion exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane.

12. The redox flow battery of claim 11, wherein the anion exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane prepared by amination performed by introducing a chloromethyl group to a copolymer of styrene-divinylbenzene as a base, an anion exchange membrane prepared by substituting a copolymer of vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene with quaternary pyridium, or an anion exchange membrane prepared by amination performed by introducing a chloromethyl group to an aromatic polysulfone copolymer as a base.

13. The redox flow battery of claim 1, further comprising a positive electrode cell comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode cell comprising a negative electrode, a positive electrolytic solution tank that is fluid connected to the positive electrode cell, and a negative electrolytic solution tank that is fluid connected to the negative electrode cell.