OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENT PARAMETERS IN ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MODELS

• US 20120109617A1
• Filed: 10/29/2010
• Published: 05/03/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Minarcin, Monika A., Koch, Brian J., Baraszu, Robert C.
• Granted Patent: US 8,441,262 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 703/14
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/50 by future state prediction
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/16 responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/367 Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/389 Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A method of predicting an electrochemical mapping parameter in a vehicle that derives at least a portion of its motive power from an energy storage system is provided. The method may comprise providing a plurality of electrochemical mapping parameter sources capable of rendering one or more electrochemical mapping parameters selected from the group consisting of resistance and capacitance and selecting at least one electrochemical mapping parameter source capable of rendering one or more electrochemical mapping parameters based on the state of the energy storage system. The method may also comprise determining an adaptive gain and determining an adaptive factor based on the operating state of the vehicle or the energy storage system. The method may also comprise adapting the one or more electrochemical mapping parameters based on the adaptive factor and adaptive gain to provide an adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value.

Claims

1. A method of predicting an electrochemical mapping parameter in a vehicle that derives at least a portion of its motive power from an energy storage system, the method comprising:

providing a plurality of electrochemical mapping parameter sources capable of rendering one or more electrochemical mapping parameters selected from the group consisting of resistance and capacitance;

selecting at least one electrochemical mapping parameter source based on the state of the energy storage system;

determining an adaptive gain;

determining an adaptive factor based on the operating state of the vehicle or the energy storage system; and

adapting the one or more electrochemical mapping parameters based on the adaptive factor and adaptive gain to provide an adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising modifying the adaptive gain based on an adaptive error counter, wherein the error counter records the magnitude and sign of at least one historical adaptive gain or at least one historical adaptive factor.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting the adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value relative to at least one limit selected from the group consisting of a maximum limit, a minimum limit, or combinations thereof.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising evolving the maximum and minimum limits based on a historical adaptive factor adjustment record.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising offsetting the adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value based on a calibration maximum or minimum.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sources is selected from the group consisting of circuit equivalent models, predictive equations and chemical mapping data.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating state of the energy storage system is characterized by at least one measurement selected from the group consisting of a voltage measurement, a current measurement, a temperature measurement and combinations thereof.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the resistance is selected from the group consisting of diffusion resistance, charge transfer resistance and ohmic resistance.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the capacitance is selected from the group consisting of double layer capacitance and diffusion capacitance.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising offsetting the adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value based on a calibration maximum or minimum.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating state of the energy storage system is characterized by at least one measurement selected from the group consisting of a voltage measurement, a current measurement, a temperature measurement and combinations thereof.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the resistance is selected from the group consisting of diffusion resistance, charge transfer resistance and ohmic resistance.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the capacitance is selected from the group consisting of double layer capacitance and diffusion capacitance.

10. A method of predicting an electrochemical mapping parameter in an energy storage system used to provide at least a portion of motive power to an automobile, the method comprising

providing a plurality of electrochemical mapping parameter sources capable of rendering one or more electrochemical mapping parameters selected from the group consisting of resistance and capacitance, wherein the plurality of sources may be selected from the group consisting of circuit equivalent model and chemical mapping data;

selecting at least one electrochemical mapping parameter source based on the state of the energy storage system;

determining an adaptive gain, wherein determining the adaptive gain is based on an adaptive error counter, wherein the error counter records the magnitude and sign of at least one historical adaptive gain or at least one historical adaptive factor;

determining an adaptive factor based on the operating state of the vehicle or the energy storage system;

adapting the one or more electrochemical mapping parameters based on the adaptive factor and adaptive gain to provide an adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value; and

adjusting the adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value relative to at least one limit selected from the group consisting of a maximum limit, a minimum limit or combinations thereof.

15. A system for controlling a vehicle based on a plurality of electrochemical mapping parameters in an energy storage system used to provide at least a portion of motive power to an automobile, the system comprising:

a memory device and a controller, wherein the controller is programmed to;

provide a plurality of electrochemical mapping parameter sources capable of rendering one or more electrochemical mapping parameters selected from the group consisting of resistance and capacitance, wherein the resistance is selected from the group consisting of diffusion resistance, charge transfer resistance, and ohmic resistance, and wherein the capacitance is selected from the group consisting of double layer capacitance and diffusion capacitance;

select at least one electrochemical mapping parameter source based on the state of the energy storage system, wherein the operating state of the energy storage system is characterized by at least one measurement selected from the group consisting of a voltage measurement, a current measurement, a temperature measurement, and combinations thereof;

determine an adaptive gain;

determine an adaptive factor based on the operating state of the vehicle or the energy storage system; and

adapt the one or more electrochemical mapping parameters based on the adaptive factor and adaptive gain to provide an adapted electrochemical mapping parameter value.

16. The method of claim 15, adaptive gain is based on an adaptive error counter, wherein the error counter records the magnitude and sign of at least one historical adaptive gain or at least one historical adaptive factor.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the electrochemical mapping parameter is adapted to an electrochemical mapping parameter value relative to at least one limit selected from the group consisting of a maximum limit, a minimum limit, or combinations thereof.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the controller may be programmed to evolve the maximum and minimum limits based on a historical adaptive factor adjustment record.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the controller is programmed to offset the adapted electrochemical mapping parameter based on a calibration maximum or minimum.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the plurality of sources may be selected from the group consisting of circuit equivalent models, predictive equations, and chemical mapping data.