REDOX FLOW BATTERY

• US 20120171541A1
• Filed: 10/06/2011
• Published: 07/05/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Park, Joung-won, Lee, Myung-jin, Hwang, Seung-sik, Lee, Doo-yeon, Oh, Duk-jin
• Granted Patent: US 9,302,596 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/107
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2250/20 Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/18 Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/188 by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/20 Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible H01M8/18 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

A redox flow battery. A metal-ligand coordination compound including an aromatic ligand that contains an electron withdrawing group is used as the catholyte and/or the anolyte so that a redox flow battery having high energy density and excellent charge/discharge efficiency may be provided.

Claims

1. A redox flow battery comprising:

a positive electrode cell comprising a positive electrode and a catholyte solution;

a negative electrode cell comprising a negative electrode and an anolyte solution; and

an ion exchange membrane interposed between the positive electrode cell and the negative electrode cell,

wherein the catholyte solution and the anolyte solution each include a solvent, a supporting electrolyte, and at least one metal-ligand coordination compound, wherein at least one of the metal-ligand coordination compounds includes a ligand that contains an electron withdrawing group.

2. The redox flow battery of claim 1 wherein said ligand is aliphatic.

3. The redox flow battery of claim 1 wherein said ligand is aromatic.

4. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, Ru, Zn, Mn, Y, Zr, Ti, Cr, Mg, Ce, Cu, Pb, and V.

5. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the ligand included in the metal-ligand coordination compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of dipyridyl, terpyridyl, phenanthroline, acetylacetonate, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, and N-heterocyclic carben (NHC).

6. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein NHC is 6-bis(methylimidazole-2-ylidene)pyridine, 1,3-dimesitylimidazole, 1,3-bis(2,5-diisopropylphenyl)imidazole, 1,3-dimethylimidazole, 1,3-di-tert-butylimidazole, 1,3-Dicyclohexylimidazole, or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole.

7. The redox flow battery of claim 3, wherein the aromatic ligand is a hetero aromatic ligand containing a nitrogen atom.

8. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the metal-ligand coordination compound in the solution is in a range of about 0.1 M to about 3 M.

9. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the electron withdrawing group is a halogen atom, oxygen atom, a phosphorous atom, a sulfur atom, a nitro group, a nitrile group, or a phenyl group.

10. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the at least one metal-ligand coordination compound is at least one of compounds:

11. The redox flow battery of claim 3, wherein the metal-ligand coordination compound including the aromatic ligand containing the electron withdrawing group is at least one of compounds:

12. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the metal-ligand coordination compound is subject to a reversible oxidation and reduction reaction.

13. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the solvent is a non-aqueous solvent.

14. The redox flow battery of claim 11, wherein the non-aqueous solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethylacetamide, diethylcarbonate, dimethylcarbonate, acetonitrile, γ

-butyrolactone (GBL), propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), fluoroethylene carbonate, and N,N-dimethylacetamide.

15. The redox flow battery of claim 1, further comprising BF₄⁻

, PF₆⁻

, CF₃SO₃⁻

, or (CF₃SO₂)₂N⁻

as a counter anion of the metal-ligand coordination compound.

16. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the supporting electrolyte comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiBF₄, LiPF₆, LiClO₄, LiCF₃SO₃, Li(CF₃SO₂)₂N, TEABF₄ (triethylamine tetrafluorborate), TBABF₄ (tributhylamine tetrafluorborate), NaBF₄, NaPF₆, trimethylsulfonylchloride, and (NH₄)₂SO₄.

17. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the ion exchange membrane is an anion ion exchange membrane.

18. The redox flow battery of claim 1, wherein the anion ion exchange membrane comprises an anion exchange membrane that is obtained by aminating a copolymer of styrene-divinylbenzene by introducing a chloromethyl group, an anion exchange membrane that is obtained by substituting a copolymer of vinylpyridine-divinyl benzene with quaternary pyridium, or an anion exchange membrane that is obtained by aminating an aromatic polysulfone copolymer by introducing a chloromethyl group.

19. The redox flow battery of claim 1, further comprising a catholyte tank and an anolyte tank that are fluid-connected to the positive electrode cell and the negative electrode cell, respectively.

21. A positive electrode cell comprising a positive electrode cell and the catholyte solution of claim 18.

20. A catholyte solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent, a supporting electrolyte, and at least one metal-ligand coordination compound, wherein at least one of the metal-ligand coordination compounds includes a ligand that contains an electron withdrawing group.

22. An anolyte solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent, a supporting electrolyte, and at least one metal-ligand coordination compound, wherein at least one of the metal-ligand coordination compounds includes a ligand that contains an electron withdrawing group.

23. A negative electrode cell comprising a negative electrode and the anolyte solution of claim 22.