APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR UTILIZING THERMAL ENERGY

• US 20120186672A1
• Filed: 07/27/2011
• Published: 07/26/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hudson Fisonic Corporation
• Original Assignee: Hudson Fisonic Corporation
• Inventors: Fisenko, Vladimir V., Kremer, Robert
• Granted Patent: US 9,739,508 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 137/565.01
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/3122 the material flowing at a supersonic velocity thereby creating shock waves
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/31233 used successively
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/31242 the main flow being injected in the central area of the venturi, creating an aspiration in the circumferential part of the conduit B01F25/31243 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 25/00 Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: F24T 10/15 using bent tubes; using tubes assembled with connectors or with return headers
• CPC Class Codes: F24V 40/10 the fluid passing through restriction means
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 13/06 by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media F28F13/003 takes precedence; static flow control means in header boxes F28F9/026
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/10 Geothermal energy
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/85978 With pump

Abstract

An apparatus is provided having a heat generation device such as a boiler. A hypersonic energy harvester is provided having a first input and a second input. The first input and the second input are fluidly coupled to the heat generation device. A variable speed pump is fluidly coupled to supply liquid from the heat generation device to the hypersonic energy harvester. A deaerator is fluidly coupled to receive condensate from the hypersonic energy harvester.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

one or more heat generation devices;

a first device having multiple inputs, the multiple inputs includes a first input and a second input being fluidly coupled to the heat generation devices;

a variable speed first pump fluidly coupled to supply fluids from the heat generation devices to the first device; and

,

a deaerator fluidly coupled to receive the fluids from the first device.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:

a second pump fluidly coupled to the first device;

a second device fluidly coupled to an inlet of the second pump; and

,

a third device fluidly coupled to an output of the second pump, whereby electrical consumption is reduced and fluid volume is increased.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

the heat generation device is selected from a group consisting of;

a boiler, turbine a district energy system, gasses, a solar collector, a geothermal system, wind energy system, a biomass system, a biofuel system, a fossil fuel system, a nuclear fuel system, storage energy system, a waste energy system, and a chemical energy system;

the deaerator provides deep removal of non-condensable gases, make-up and liquid expansion and energy utilization functionality.

4. The according to claim 1 wherein the device includes a diffuser fluidly coupled to the first input, the diffuser having directing ribs, wherein the pump flows the liquid into the diffuser wherein the diffuser is connected to a ring having multiple tubes with helical ribs on inside surface, the ribs generating a swirl flow resulting in a centrifugal action which provides turbulization of the liquid, wherein the first device includes an open chambers adjacent the rings, the multiple inputs being arranged to inject additional liquid recirculating streams in a concentric external pipe from a discharge portion of the first device.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:

the mixed flow after the open chamber is further discharged into the coaxial nozzle located at the entrance at the Laval nozzle, wherein the single phase liquid is compressed in the Laval nozzle;

the pressure of the single phase liquid flow after the Laval nozzle is reduced to a value not higher than the saturation vapor pressure corresponding to the liquid temperature to form multiple vapor bubbles are formed within the liquid; and

,

the device includes a braking nozzle adjacent the Laval nozzle, the braking nozzle being configured to create a braking effect on two-phase flow and create counter pressure which causes emergence of a pressure surge with avalanche collapsing therein of a vapor component of two-phase flow and conversion of two-phase flow into single phase flow, wherein during the pressure surge, a range of oscillations is generated fostering collapsing of microscopic vapor bubbles, which increase in the temperature of the liquid and a thrust of the liquid.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a portion of the liquid is separated downstream from the braking nozzle and recirculated back to an entrance to the chamber, wherein a main discharge liquid stream moves a predetermined distance and afterwards enters into a ring/screen section whereby a temperature of the liquid is further increased, and wherein the main discharge liquid stream moves some predetermined distance and afterwards enters into a conical discharge section.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the Laval nozzle is includes pressure sensors connected to an outside liquid flow metering device.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

a distance between an exit of the Laval nozzle and the discharge section is of predetermined dimension;

an entrance of the Laval nozzle is equipped with perforation holes; and

a portion of the fluids discharged from the discharge section is pumped back into a hydro turbine pump which provides flow entering the a pumping device.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, herein the first device further includes additional nozzles for supply of additional liquids and gases for mixing with the main liquid stream and creation of homogeneous mixtures and emulsions.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9 a further comprising flash separator fluidly coupled to the discharge flow, and wherein the first device is configured in a shape of a 360 degree ring torus.

11. A method of operation of an apparatus comprising:

feeding at least one liquid heat carrier under pressure into a nozzle; and

,

feeding of a cold liquid heat carrier and mixing the liquid heat carrier and the cold liquid heat carrier;

wherein one of two conversions are carried out with the liquid flow of the liquid heat carrier mixture, the conversions including;

a first conversion including an acceleration of the heat carrier mixture to a velocity at which the heat carrier mixture or at least one of the heat carriers of the mixture boils with the formation of a two-phase flow with the transfer of the latter to conditions with a Mach number of more than 1, and then a change of pressure with the transfer in the latter of the two-phase flow to a subsonic liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture and heating the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture during the change of pressure; and

,

a second conversion including an acceleration of the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture to a velocity at which the heat carrier mixture or at least one of the heat carriers of the mixture boils with the formation of the two-phase flow with the transfer of the latter to the conditions with a Mach number equal to 1, then the two-phase flow being decelerated, and thereby the flow being converted into the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture with vapor-gas bubbles, and additionally, by this flow conversion, the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture being heated;

thereafter carrying out the two above-mentioned conversions of the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture in any sequence, the heated liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture being fed under the pressure obtained in a jet apparatus to a consumer.

12. The method of claim 11 including feeding a heated liquid carrier under pressure into a nozzle;

feeding of a cold liquid heat carrier and their mixing, characterized in that a vapor is fed into the nozzle as the heated heat carrier with the formation of the two-phase flow in the process of mixing with the cold heat carrier by the vapor behind the nozzle, flow conditions of the two-phase flow with a Mach number of more than 1 being established, thereafter, a change of pressure with a conversion of a supersonic two-phase flow into a single-phase liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture therein, and simultaneously heating the heat carrier mixture during the change of pressure being performed;

thereafter, the flow of the heat carrier mixture being accelerated to a velocity at which the heat carrier mixture or at least one of the heat carriers of the mixture boils with the formation of the two-phase flow, the flow conditions of the two-phase flow with a Mach number equal to 1 being established;

then by means of a deceleration of the flow, its conversion into the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture with vapour-gas bubbles with an additional heating of the liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture and a pressure increase in the flow as the flow is decelerated, being realized; and

thereafter, the heated liquid flow of the heat carrier mixture being fed to a consumer under the pressure obtained in the first jet apparatus.

13. The method of claim 12, including feeding of steam into a turbogenerator;

bleeding the steam from the turbogenerator;

removing the bled steam from the turbogenerator in a condenser;

feeding of condensate from the condenser and the steam bled from the turbogenerator in the first jet apparatus with condensation of steam in the first jet apparatus and by heating the condensate with subsequently feeding the heated condensate as feed water into a deaerator; and

then into a boiler-steam generator, wherein the condensate and the steam bled from the turbogenerator are accelerated, thereafter mixing of the steam and condensate with the formation of a two-phase mixture of the condensate and steam with the transfer of the flow of the two-phase mixture to the supersonic flow conditions, then a change of pressure being realized in a two-phase supersonic flow with the transfer of the two-phase flow during the change of pressure by collapsing of steam bubbles and by an intensive steam condensation, into the single-phase liquid subsonic flow, the condensate being heated at the same time by an intensive steam condensation in the condensate; and

, being additionally heated by collapsing of steam bubbles during the change of pressure; and

then the heated liquid, flow of the condensate being sent into the deaerator;

wherein the liquid flow of the condensate is additionally decelerated in the first jet apparatus, and thereby the liquid flow of the condensate is additionally heated.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein a multi-step feed of the steam into the first jet apparatus by means of successive stepwise bleeding of the steam from several stages of the turbogenerator is realized, and in each step of the first jet apparatus the formation of the-two-phase mixture of the condensate and steam with the transfer of the flow to the supersonic flow conditions and the realization of the change of pressure in each step with the transfer of the flow into the single-phase liquid one and simultaneously heating the liquid flow of the condensate is realized to provide operation heat of hot tubs, swimming pools or any large contained bodies of water.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a heat pump, geothermal, solar, a steam district heating system, a steam/water heat exchanger, with discharge condensate from a steam heated building or for recycling grey water.

16. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used systems for emulsification, homogenization, heating, pumping and improving its rheological properties, preventing formation of space volume structures at temperatures below paraffin'"'"'s crystallization point, and that of various hydrocarbons, destroying the asphalt/paraffin intermolecular bonds causing anomalous viscosity and for decreasing the concentration of high molecular compounds, primarily asphaltenes which are centers of supramolecular aggregates.

17. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a system for gas/hydrocarbon enhanced oil recovery (EOR), increasing gas/oil production, increasing liquid and gas separation and production, with simultaneous heating, breaking up the oil particles, encapsulating water with a layer of oil, preventing concentration of water packet pools that cause rupture of oil pipe lines, generating strong cavitation shock waves and pressures to drive the sludge oil pockets to be pumped or vacuum the oil/gas from the well and breaking-up of paraffin wax and heavy crude oil formation.

18. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a system for enhancing cellulosic and algae based biofuel production and production of other organically based products by micro-pulverization caused by controlled internal shockwaves and shear energy generated by the FD for more thorough and energy efficient instantaneous in-line cooking, including activation of starch fermentation at lower temperatures and requiring use of less additives.

19. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a system for using the excess heat in the nuclear reactor cavity to maintain the recirculation of coolant until the reactor temperatures drop to safe levels, preventing melt-down of the reactor rods, and for recirculation of coolant.

20. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used for simultaneously pasteurizing and homogenizing milk, dairy products and other liquid or semi-liquid consumables in a single pass-through operation.

21. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a system for enhancing brewery production in wort processing, system maintenance and energy savings through micro-pulverization caused by controlled internal shockwaves and shear energy generated by the FD for more thorough mixing, energy efficient instantaneous in-line cooking, activation of starch fermentation at lower temperatures, requiring use of less additives antibacterial action for post-operation system cleansing, and gasification of liquids and degasification of liquids.

22. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a system enhancing industrial cleaning, wash-up, decontamination, fire control and pre-process preparation utilizing the high pressure atomization, disinfecting mixing, misting and precise dozation control capability.

23. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is used in a system to provide a desired mixture, input pressure and ratio of air, fuel, water or additives to an engine for enhanced combustion and reduced emissions.