DIGITAL POTENTIOSTAT CIRCUIT AND SYSTEM
First Claim
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1. A potentiostat circuit comprising:
- a counter electrode;
a working electrode;
a reference electrode;
a voltage source to supply an input voltage signal;
a voltage feedback component to;
detect a reference voltage level at the reference electrode and a working voltage level at the working electrode; and
generate a feedback voltage signal based on the reference voltage and working electrode levels;
a voltage inverting component to supply a working voltage signal to the working electrode;
a control amplifier to;
receive the input voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal;
generate a control voltage signal based on the input voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal; and
supply the control voltage signal to the counter electrode;
a current measurement component to;
measure a current level at the working electrode; and
generate an output measurement signal based on the current level, the output measurement signal indicating a change in the working voltage level; and
an output device to receive the output measurement signal for determining an electrochemical property of a solution in contact with the counter electrode, the working electrode, and the reference electrode.
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Abstract
A small, portable, and inexpensive potentiostat circuit that is suitable for wide-spread electrochemical analysis is disclosed. The potentiostat may be fabricated as a stand-alone electrical component or it may be fabricated in conjunction with a Programmable System-on-Chip (SoC) to facilitate on-the-fly calibration and configuration.
17 Citations
24 Claims
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1. A potentiostat circuit comprising:
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a counter electrode; a working electrode; a reference electrode; a voltage source to supply an input voltage signal; a voltage feedback component to; detect a reference voltage level at the reference electrode and a working voltage level at the working electrode; and generate a feedback voltage signal based on the reference voltage and working electrode levels; a voltage inverting component to supply a working voltage signal to the working electrode; a control amplifier to; receive the input voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal; generate a control voltage signal based on the input voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal; and supply the control voltage signal to the counter electrode; a current measurement component to; measure a current level at the working electrode; and generate an output measurement signal based on the current level, the output measurement signal indicating a change in the working voltage level; and an output device to receive the output measurement signal for determining an electrochemical property of a solution in contact with the counter electrode, the working electrode, and the reference electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A potentiostat circuit for electrochemical studies using an electrochemical cell having a counter electrode, a working electrode, and a reference electrode, the potentiostat circuit comprising:
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a digital-to-analog converter to supply an analog input voltage signal; a control amplifier to receive the analog input voltage signal and to provide a first voltage to the counter electrode to maintain the reference electrode at a second voltage level and the working electrode at a third voltage level; a voltage feedback system to remove a common-mode voltage of the reference electrode and the working electrode; an inverting amplifier to; receive the analog voltage signal; generate an inverted analog voltage signal; and provide the inverted analog voltage signal to the working electrode; a current measurement component to; measure a current level at the working electrode; and generate an output measurement signal based on the current level, the output measurement signal indicating a change in the working voltage level; and an analog-to-digital converter to convert the output measurement signal to a digital output measurement signal for processing by an output device to indicate an electrochemical property of a solution in contact with the counter electrode, working electrode, and reference electrode. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method of conducting electrochemical studies using a potentiostat circuit, the method comprising:
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generating an input voltage signal at a voltage source; detecting a reference voltage level of a references electrode and a working voltage level of a working electrode at a voltage feedback component; generating a feedback voltage signal based on the reference voltage and working electrode levels at the voltage feedback component; providing a working voltage signal to a working electrode from a voltage inverting component; receiving the input voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal at a control amplifier; generating a control voltage signal based on the input voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal at the control amplifier; providing the control voltage signal to the counter electrode with the control amplifier; measuring a current level at the working electrode with a current measurement component; generating an output measurement signal based on the current level with the current measurement component, the output measurement signal indicating a change in the working voltage level; receiving the output measurement signal at an output device; and determining an electrochemical property of a solution in contact with the counter electrode, the working electrode, and the reference electrode based in the output measurement signal.
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24. A method of conducting electrochemical studies using a potentiostat circuit, the method comprising:
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generating a first voltage at a digital-to-analog converter; providing the first voltage to a first input at an operational amplifier to amplify a difference between the first voltage and a feedback voltage; providing the first voltage as another input to an inverting operational amplifier to generate an inverted voltage; providing the amplified difference between the first voltage and the feedback voltage to a counter electrode of a three-electrode cell; providing the inverted voltage to a working electrode of the three-electrode cell; receiving a reference electrode voltage and a working electrode voltage from the three-electrode cell at a first instrumentation amplifier; generating the feedback voltage at the first instrumentation amplifier; providing the feedback voltage to a second input at the operational amplifier and providing the feedback voltage to an analog-to-digital converter; measuring a voltage difference across a resistor in series with the working electrode; providing the measured voltage difference to a second instrumentation amplifier to determine a current received at the working electrode as a voltage signal; providing the voltage signal to the analog-to-digital converter and an output device as an output measurement signal; and displaying the output measurement signal to indicate electrochemical properties of a solution within the three-electrode cell.
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Specification