USE OF MICRO- AND MINIATURE POSITION SENSING DEVICES FOR USE IN TKA AND THA

• US 20120277752A1
• Filed: 07/11/2012
• Published: 11/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zimmer Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Zimmer Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Wasielewski, Ray C.
• Granted Patent: US 8,814,877 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/91
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/00 Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets A61B18/00 takes precedence; contraceptive devices, pessaries, or applicators therefor A61F6/00; eye surgery A61F9/007; ear surgery A61F11/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1707 using electromagnetic effects, e.g. with magnet and external sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1717 for applying intramedullary nails or pins
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1746 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1764 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/72 Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices A61B17/744 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/86 Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor A61B17/72 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/062 penetration depth
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/365 augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3958 emitting a signal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/397 electromagnetic other than visible, e.g. microwave
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3975 active
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/061 Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body A61B1/00158 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/062 using magnetic field
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/067 using accelerometers or gyroscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30723 : Plugs or restrictors for sealing a cement-receiving space tools for inserting plugs A61F2/4614; sealing collars for use during cementing A61B17/8808
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/36 : Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/367 : Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts trochanteric devices connected to said proximal parts A61F2/30739
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3672 : Intermediate parts of shafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 : for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3859 : Femoral components
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/389 : Tibial components A61F2/3868 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4603 : for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4607 : of hip femoral endoprostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4609 : of acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 : Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4684 : Trial or dummy prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3067 : for data transfer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3625 : Necks
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3631 : with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar or bearing shoulder at its base
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4619 : for extraction
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4658 : for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4668 : for measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4696 : optical
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0002 : for data transfer

Abstract

A system for assisting in a surgical process, comprising: (a) a surgical device taken from a group consisting of a surgical tool and a surgical implant; (b) a positional sensor carried by the surgical device, the positional sensor including a wireless transmitter and associated circuitry for transmitting sensor data from the transmitter; and (c) a computer system including a wireless receiver and signal conditioning circuitry and hardware for converting sensor data received by the wireless receiver into at least one of (i) audio feedback of positional information for the surgical device and (ii) visual feedback of positional information for the surgical device.

Claims

1. A surgical telemetry system comprising:

a sensor mounted to a surgical device, the sensor taken from the group consisting of an accelerometer, a magnetometer, a gyroscope, or an inclinometer;

a digital processing device operatively coupled to the sensor to receive data derived from data output from the sensor, the digital processing device generating a display output; and

a display operatively coupled to the digital processing device and adapted to receive the display output, where the display output displays the change in at least one of position and orientation of the sensor with respect to a point of reference.

2. The surgical telemetry system of claim 1, wherein the surgical device includes at least one of a cup inserter, a cup alignment instrument, a femoral component broach, a guide-rod of an intramedullary femoral and tibial cutting jig, an extramedullary femoral and tibial cutting jig, a screw cap dome, a prosthetic knee tibial tray, a prosthetic knee trial stem, a prosthetic knee trial tibial tray, a prosthetic knee femoral component, a prosthetic knee trial femoral component, a prosthetic hip femoral component, and a prosthetic hip trial femoral component.

3. The surgical telemetry system of claim 2, wherein:

the sensor is operatively coupled to a remote transmitter adapted to transmit signals indicative of sensor output as at least one of orientation and position of the sensor changes; and

the digital processing device is operatively coupled to a receiver adapted to receive transmission signals from the remote transmitter;

wherein the digital processing device generates display instructions for displaying at least one of the orientation and position of the sensor.

4. The surgical telemetry system of claim 3, wherein the processing device is programmed to output display instructions including the relative dimensions of the surgical device, where the output display correlates the position of the sensor with respect to at least one of the orientation and position of the surgical device.

5. The surgical telemetry system of claim 3, wherein the display is adapted to display the relative dimensions of the surgical device, where the display correlates the position of the sensor with respect to at least one of the orientation and position of the surgical device.

6. The surgical telemetry system of claim 1, wherein the system is adapted for use with total knee arthroplasty.

7. The surgical telemetry system of claim 1, wherein the system is adapted for use with total hip arthroplasty.

8. The surgical telemetry system of claim 1, wherein the surgical device includes at least one of a surgical saw, a surgical drill, a surgical hammer, a surgical reamer, and a surgical screwdriver.

9. The surgical telemetry system of claim 8, wherein the surgical device includes a plurality of sensors mounted thereto.

10. The surgical telemetry system of claim 9, wherein the surgical device includes a plurality of sensors mounted thereto, where the plurality of sensors are taken from the group consisting of an accelerometer, a magnetometer, a gyroscope, or an inclinometer.

11. A surgical telemetry system comprising:

a computer system having signal conditioning hardware and software;

a first surgical instrument having a first instrument positional sensor carried thereon, the first instrument positional sensor being operatively coupled to the signal conditioning hardware and software of the computer system to transmit first instrument positional data thereto; and

a second surgical instrument having a second instrument positional sensor carried thereon, the second instrument positional sensor being operatively coupled to the signal conditioning hardware and software of the computer system to transmit second instrument positional data thereto.

12. The surgical telemetry system of claim 11, wherein the computer system is configured to process the first instrument positional data and the second instrument positional data to generate relative position data indicative of the relative position of the first surgical instrument with respect to the second surgical instrument.

13. The surgical telemetry system of claim 12, wherein the computer system is further configured to generate at least one of audio and visual feedback of the relative position data.

14. The surgical telemetry system of claim 13, wherein:

the first surgical instrument is taken from a group consisting of an insertion device, an extraction device, an impacting device, a positioning device, a surgical reamer, a surgical saw, a cutting jig, a surgical drill, a hole-starter, a surgical screw, a surgical bolt, a surgical screw-driver, a surgical bolt-driver and a material applicator; and

the second surgical instrument is taken from a group consisting of a reference component;

an insertion device, an extraction device, an impacting device, a positioning device, a surgical reamer, a surgical saw, a cutting jig, a surgical drill, a hole-starter, a surgical screw, a surgical bolt, a surgical screw-driver, a surgical bolt-driver and a material applicator.

15. The surgical telemetry system of claim 11, wherein:

the first surgical instrument is taken from a group consisting of an insertion device, an extraction device, an impacting device, a positioning device, a surgical reamer, a surgical saw, a cutting jig, a surgical drill, a hole-starter, a surgical screw, a surgical bolt, a surgical screw-driver, a surgical bolt-driver and a material applicator; and

the second surgical instrument is taken from a group consisting of a reference component;

an insertion device, an extraction device, an impacting device, a positioning device, a surgical reamer, a surgical saw, a cutting jig, a surgical drill, a hole-starter, a surgical screw, a surgical bolt, a surgical screw-driver, a surgical bolt-driver and a material applicator.

16. A surgical telemetry system comprising:

a computer system having signal conditioning hardware and software;

a field generating device generating a detectable field approximate a reference object; and

at least one of a surgical instrument and a prosthetic component having a sensor carried thereon for sensing the detectable field, the sensor being operatively coupled to the signal conditioning hardware and software of the computer system to transmit positional data thereto relative to the detectable field.

17. The surgical telemetry system of claim 16, wherein the sensor is a magnetometer and the field generator is at least one magnet.

18. The surgical telemetry system of claim 17, wherein the field generator is a plurality of magnets adapted to be positioned about a circumference of a patient'"'"'s acetabulum.

19. The surgical telemetry system of claim 16, wherein the field generator is adapted to be mounted within a patient'"'"'s anatomy.

20. The surgical telemetry system of claim 16, wherein the computer system is further configured to generate at least one of audio and visual feedback of the positional data.