CHARGING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

• US 20120280655A1
• Filed: 11/03/2010
• Published: 11/08/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/05/2009
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Daniel Schneider, Thomas Wick
• Original Assignee: Daniel Schneider, Thomas Wick
• Inventors: Schneider, Daniel, Wick, Thomas, Martin, Gilles
• Application Number:
  US13/508,099
• Publication Number:
  US 20120280655A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/34 Plug-like or socket-like devices specially adapted for contactless inductive charging of electric vehicles positioning means for charging devices using inductive energy transfer B60L53/38
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/53 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 5/00 Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks H02J3/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging system for electric vehicles. The charging system comprises a grid power stage (12) comprising an AC/DC inverter can be connected on an input side via a connection point to an alternating current grid (10), a control device (38) for monitoring a charging process, and at least one charging connection (24) on an output side, the latter being able to be temporarily connected to a vehicle battery (26). A characteristic of the invention is that a buffer battery (16) having a significantly higher charge capacity than the vehicle battery (26) is connected to the grid charging stage (12). A rapid charging stage (22) comprising the control device (38) and a DC/DC inverter (44) that can be temporarily connected to a vehicle battery (26) on the output side by means of the charging connection (24) is connected to the buffer battery (16). The buffer battery (16) can further be connected to a charging location (52) on the alternating current grid (10) on the output side by means of a backcharging stage (46) comprising a switching unit (48) and a DC/AC inverter (50).

Claims

1. Charging system for electric vehicles, having a grid charging stage (12) that can be connected to an alternating current grid (10), by way of a connection point, on the input side and has an AC/DC inverter (14), having a preferably microprocessor-assisted control device (38) for monitoring a charging process, and having at least one charging connector (24) on the output side that can be temporarily connected with a vehicle battery (26), wherein a buffer battery (16) having a significantly greater charging capacity as compared with the vehicle battery (26) is connected with the grid charging stage (12), wherein a quick-charging stage (22) that comprises the control device (38) and a DC/DC inverter (44) and can be temporarily connected with the vehicle battery (26) on the output side, by way of the charging connector (24), is connected with the buffer battery (16), and wherein the buffer battery (16) can furthermore be connected to the alternating current grid (10), on the output side, by way of a return stage (46) that has a DC/AC inverter (50).

2. Charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging connector (24) comprises a plug connection that has at least two data contacts (34′

, 34″

) that are connected with the control device (38) and with a monitoring device (36) on the vehicle side.

3. Charging system according to claim 2, wherein the monitoring device (36) on the vehicle side can have analog current-dependent and voltage-dependent signals of the vehicle battery (26) applied to it, and transmits these to the control device (38) of the quick-charging stage (22), in digitalized form, by way of the data contacts (34′

, 34″

), for evaluation and for control of the DC/DC inverter (44).

4. Charging system according to claim 2, wherein the data contacts (34′

, 34″

) form an interface in a digital CAN bus (35).

5. Charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging connector (24) has an inductive energy transmission link, and wherein the control device (38) is connected with a monitoring device (36) on the vehicle side by way of a wireless data transmission link.

6. Charging system according to claim 5, wherein the data transmission link is configured as an inductive or capacitative coupling link, as a radio link, as an infrared link, or as a Bluetooth link.

7. Charging system according to claim 1, wherein the buffer battery (16) is connected with a battery management system (20) for control of the charging process and for monitoring and equalization of the charging state of the individual battery cells (18).

8. Charging system according to claim 1, wherein the grid charging stage (12) has a diode bridge (15) having a power factor correction filter (60).

9. Charging system according to claim 8, wherein the power factor correction filter (60) of the grid charging stage (12) comprises a DC/DC converter (61) having a high-frequency diode bridge (62), the output frequency of which amounts to a multiple of the grid frequency, and the output voltage of which is coordinated with the voltage requirements of the buffer battery (16).

10. Charging system according to claim 9, wherein Schottky diodes are disposed in the high-frequency diode bridge (62).

11. Charging system according to claim 1, wherein the return stage (46) has a DC/DC converter (72) connected with the buffer battery (16), a high-frequency transformer (74) connected to this converter, and a diode bridge (76) connected with the transformer, and wherein the diode bridge (76) can be charged to the amplitude voltage of the alternating current grid (10), at its current grid frequency, by way of a filter capacitor (79) connected with the transistor bridge (78).

12. Charging system according to claim 1, comprising a central control (54) that has a frequency comparator (58) to which the grid frequency of the alternating current grid (10) can be applied, on the input side, and that is connected, by way of a switching unit (56, 48), in each instance, with the grid charging stage (12) and the return stage (46), which comparator switches either the grid charging stage (12) or the return stage (46) through, as determined by a deviation of the grid frequency from a predetermined frequency threshold value, by way of the switching unit (56, 48), in each instance.

13. Charging system according to claim 12, wherein the grid charging stage (12) is switched on above a predetermined frequency threshold value, and the return stage (46) is switched off, and wherein the return stage (46) is switched on below the predetermined frequency threshold value and the grid charging stage (12) is switched off.

14. Charging system according to claim 1, wherein the return stage (46) can be switched off when the charging state of the buffer battery (16) drops below a predetermined limit.

15. Charging system according to claim 12, wherein the central control (54) has an operating station for data input and output.

16. Peak load system for feeding alternating current into an alternating current grid, wherein a plurality of autonomous charging systems (1) according to claim 1 is coupled into the alternating current grid (10) with the alternating current output of its return stage (46), at different feed points.

17. Peak load system according to claim 16, wherein the charging systems (1) have a frequency comparator (58) to which the frequency of the alternating current grid (10) is applied, on the input side, and that is connected, by way of a switching unit (48), with the return stage (46), which comparator switches the return stage (46) through, as determined by a deviation of the grid frequency from a predetermined frequency threshold value.