METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS ANALYTE MONITORING

• US 20120283538A1
• Filed: 05/06/2011
• Published: 11/08/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Rose, Jefferson, Rao, Ashwin K., Chiu, Chia-Hung, Luo, Ying, Gottlieb, Rebecca K., Yang, Ning
• Granted Patent: US 9,008,744 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/347
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14735 comprising an immobilised reagent
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3272 Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels optical biosensors G01N33/52

Abstract

Embodiments of the invention provide analyte sensors and sensor systems such as amperometric glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes as well as optimized methods for monitoring analytes using such sensors and sensor systems.

Claims

1. A method of sensing an analyte comprising:

applying a first electrode potential to an analyte sensor for a first predetermined period of time;

applying a second electrode potential to the analyte sensor for a second predetermined period of time;

repeating the application of the first electrode potential and the second electrode potential continuously over a sensor duration time period; and

receiving and monitoring signals from the analyte sensor during the sensor duration time period.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating the analyte sensor prior to the application of the first electrode potential for the first predetermined period of time.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying a third electrode potential to the analyte sensor for a third predetermined period of time and repeating the applicant of the first electrode potential, second electrode potential and third electrode potential over the sensor duration time period.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first, second and third electrode potential are stepped electrode potentials.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyte is glucose.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating the concentration of the analyte from the signals received and monitored from the analyte sensor.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte includes evaluating the overall change in the signals from the analyte sensor during the first predetermined period of time.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte includes analyzing the relaxation kinetics of the signals from the analyte sensor during the first predetermined period of time.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte further includes analyzing the relaxation kinetics of the signals from the analyte sensor during the second predetermined period of time.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte includes calculating the total charge transfer from signals received from the analyte sensor during the first predetermined period of time.

11. The method of claim 6, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte includes calculating current as a function of time using an equation selected from the group consisting of:

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising analyzing the signals received from the analyte sensor to determine whether the sensor is functioning properly.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising analyzing the signals received from the analyte sensor using one or more of the components in the equation:

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined period of time is 10 seconds and the second predetermined period of time is 10 seconds.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first electrode potential and the second electrode potential is about 535 millivolts.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor duration time period is at least 30 minutes long.

17. An analyte sensing system, the analyte sensing system comprising:

an analyte sensor for implantation in a mammal; and

a sensor electronics device in communication with the analyte sensor, the sensor electronics device including circuitry to;

apply a first electrode potential to an analyte sensor for a first predetermined period of time;

apply a second electrode potential to the analyte sensor for a second predetermined period of time;

repeat the application of the first electrode potential and the second electrode potential continuously over a sensor duration time period; and

receive signals from the analyte sensor during the sensor duration time period.

18. The analyte sensing system of claim 17, wherein the sensor electronics device further includes circuitry to initiate the analyte sensor prior to the application of the first electrode potential for the first predetermined period of time.

19. The analyte sensing system of claim 17, wherein the sensor electronics device further includes circuitry to apply a third electrode potential to the analyte sensor for a third predetermined period of time and repeat the applicant of the first electrode potential, second electrode potential and third electrode potential over the sensor duration time period.

20. The analyte sensing system of claim 19, wherein the first, second and third electrode potential are stepped electrode potentials.

21. The analyte sensing system of claim 17, further comprising a monitoring device in communication with the electronics device, wherein the monitoring device includes circuitry to monitor the signals received from the analyte sensor and to calculate the concentration of the analyte from the signals.

22. The analyte sensing system of claim 21, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte includes evaluating the overall change in the signals from the analyte sensor during the first predetermined period of time.

23. The analyte sensing system of claim 22, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte includes analyzing the relaxation kinetics of the signals from the analyte sensor during the first predetermined period of time.

24. The analyte sensing system of claim 23, wherein calculating the concentration of analyte further includes analyzing the relaxation kinetics of the signals from the analyte sensor during the second predetermined period of time.

25. The analyte sensing system of claim 21, wherein the concentration of analyte includes calculating the total charge transfer from signals received from the analyte sensor during the first predetermined period of time.