RECHARGING OF BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES ON A SMART ELECTRICAL GRID SYSTEM

• US 20130006677A1
• Filed: 06/30/2011
• Published: 01/03/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Anglin, Howard N., Mejia, Irgelkha, Young, Yvonne M., Ruegger, Nicholas J.
• Granted Patent: US 9,718,371 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 705/5
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/62 Vehicle position
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/54 Energy consumption estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/32 by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 5/00 Systems for regulating electric variables by detecting deviations in the electric input to the system and thereby controlling a device within the system to obtain a regulated output
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/02 Reservations, e.g. for tickets, services or events
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/0631 Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/007 Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing uninterruptable power supply H02J9/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/0075 for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source according to economic or energy efficiency considerations, e.g. economic dispatch
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/221 : General power management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 : using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

Some example embodiments include a method for recharging a number of battery electric vehicles. The method include receiving (by a control module configured to control an electrical grid system that include a number of recharging stations that are configured to recharge the number of battery electric vehicles and from the number of battery electric vehicles) usage data that comprises a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination. The method includes determining anticipated electrical loads in the number of sectors of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles. The method also includes redistributing the electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electrical vehicles.

Claims

1. A method for recharging a number of battery electric vehicles, the method comprising:

receiving, by a control module configured to control an electrical grid system that include a number of recharging stations that are configured to recharge the number of battery electric vehicles, from the number of battery electric vehicles usage data that comprises a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination;

determining, by the control module, anticipated electrical loads in the number of sectors of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles; and

redistributing, by the control module, the electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electrical vehicles.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the control module and back to at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles, a recommended recharging station among the number of recharging stations for actual usage by the at least one battery electric vehicle.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the recommended recharging station provided by the control module is based on an environmental condition that comprises at least one of traffic, geographical terrain, and weather.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein recommendation of the recommended recharging station is derived from at least one of cost, recharge time, and environmental impact, wherein actual usage of the recommended recharging station by the at least one battery electric vehicle provides a more even distribution of the anticipated electrical loads on the electrical grid system than actual usage of the recharging station that is closest to the current location.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising dynamically varying charge rates for recharging at the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, wherein the charge rates are variable across the number of recharging stations.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

determining, by the control module, an anticipated charge rate for recharging at the number of recharging stations for at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles for the planned itinerary for the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the anticipated charge rate is based on the charge rates being dynamically varied based on the anticipated electrical loads; and

transmitting the anticipated charge rate to at least one of a device of the at least one battery electric vehicle and a mobile device associated with an operator of the at least one battery electric vehicle.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving, through a network communication by the control module, an electronic token from at least one of a mobile device of an operator of at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles and a device associated with the at least one battery electric vehicle; and

responsive to receiving the electronic token, reserving a reserve spot at the number of recharging stations to recharge the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the reserving of the spot is for a guaranteed time period based on a monetary value of the electronic token and is unrestricted with regard to a recharging station of the number of recharging stations where the reserve spot is located, wherein the reserving of the reserve spot is unrestricted with regard to a time and a day.

8. A method for recharging a mass transit battery electric vehicle, the method comprising:

receiving, by a control module and from the mass transit battery electric vehicle while in transit along a route having a number of stops for passenger pickup, a current charge level and a current location, wherein the number of stops include recharging stations configured to recharge the mass transit battery electric vehicle;

receiving, by the control module and from a next stop of the number of stops along the route for the mass transit battery electric vehicle, an anticipated stop time at the next stop for the mass transit battery electric vehicle;

determining, by the control module, a required power output to be supplied to the mass transit battery electric vehicle by the recharging station at the next stop based on the current charge level, wherein the required power output comprises an amount of power to be supplied within the anticipated stop time at the next stop and wherein the required power output comprises the amount of power needed to satisfy a minimum amount of charge to enable the mass transit battery electric vehicle to arrive at a subsequent stop of the number of stops after the next stop; and

transmitting, to the recharging station at the next stop, the required power output to be supplied to the mass transit battery electric vehicle by the recharging station.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the anticipated stop time is derived from a number of passengers unloading from and loading onto on the mass transit battery electric vehicle at the next stop.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the required power output is derived from on an environmental condition affecting the mass transit battery electric vehicle between the next stop and the subsequent stop, the environmental condition comprising at least one of traffic, geographical terrain, and weather.

11. The method of claim 8, further comprising receiving, by the control module and from the mass transit battery electric vehicle while in transit along the route having the number of stops for passenger pickup, a charge capacity for the mass transit battery electric vehicle, wherein the required power output is determined based on the charge capacity.

12. A computer program product for recharging a number of battery electric vehicles, the computer program product comprising:

a computer readable storage medium having computer usable program code embodied therewith, the computer usable program code comprising a computer usable program code configured to;

receive from the number of battery electric vehicles that are to recharge at a number of recharging stations of an electrical grid system usage data that comprises a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination;

determine anticipated electrical loads at the number of recharging stations of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles; and

redistribute the electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electrical vehicles.

13. The computer program product of claim 12, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to transmit to at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles, a recommended recharging station among the number of recharging stations for actual usage by the at least one battery electric vehicle.

14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the recommended recharging station is based on an environmental condition that comprises at least one of traffic, geographical terrain, and weather.

15. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein recommendation of the recommended recharging station is derived from at least one of cost, recharge time, and environmental impact, wherein actual usage of the recommended recharging station by the at least one battery electric vehicle provides a more even distribution of the anticipated electrical loads on the electrical grid system than actual usage of the recharging station that is closest to the current location.

16. The computer program product of claim 12, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to dynamically vary charge rates for recharging at the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads of the electrical grid system, wherein the charge rates are variable across the number of recharging stations.

17. The computer program product of claim 16, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to:

determine an anticipated charge rate for recharging at the number of recharging stations for at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles for the planned itinerary for the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the anticipated charge rate is based on the charge rates being dynamically varied based on the anticipated electrical loads; and

transmit the anticipated charge rate to at least one of a device of the at least one battery electric vehicle and a mobile device associated with a driver of the at least one battery electric vehicle.

18. The computer program product of claim 12, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to:

receive, through a network communication, an electronic token from at least one of a mobile device of an operator of at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles and a device associated with the at least one battery electric vehicle; and

responsive to receiving the electronic token, reserve a reserve spot at the number of recharging stations to recharge the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the reserving of the spot is for a guaranteed time period based on a monetary value of the electronic token and is unrestricted with regard to a recharging station of the number of recharging stations where the reserve spot is located.

19. A computer program product for recharging a number of battery electric vehicles, the computer program product comprising:

a computer readable storage medium having computer usable program code embodied therewith, the computer usable program code comprising a computer usable program code configured to;

receive from the number of battery electric vehicles that are to recharge at a number of recharging stations of an electrical grid system usage data that comprises a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination;

determine anticipated electrical loads at the number of recharging stations of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles; and

deny access to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations by at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles based on the anticipated electrical loads in the number of sectors of the electrical grid system.

20. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to redistribute the electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electrical vehicles.

21. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to:

receive, through a network communication, an electronic token from at least one of a mobile device of a driver of at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles and a device associated with the at least one battery electric vehicle; and

responsive to receipt of the electronic token, reserve a reserve spot at the number of recharging stations to recharge the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein reservation of the spot is for a guaranteed time period based on a monetary value of the electronic token and is unrestricted with regard to a recharging station of the number of recharging stations where the reserve spot is located and is unrestricted with regard to a time and a day.

22. An apparatus method for recharging a mass transit battery electric vehicle, the apparatus comprising:

a processor; and

a control module executable on the processor, the control module configure to,

receive, from the mass transit battery electric vehicle while in transit along a route having a number of stops for passenger pickup, a current charge level and a current location, wherein the number of stops include recharging stations configured to recharge the mass transit battery electric vehicle;

receive, from a next stop of the number of stops along the route for the mass transit battery electric vehicle, an anticipated stop time at the next stop for the mass transit battery electric vehicle;

determine a required power output to be supplied to the mass transit battery electric vehicle by the recharging station at the next stop based on the current charge level, wherein the required power output comprises an amount of power to be supplied within the anticipated stop time at the next stop and wherein the required power output comprises the amount of power needed to satisfy a minimum amount of charge to enable the mass transit battery electric vehicle to arrive at a subsequent stop of the number of stops after the next stop; and

transmit, to the recharging station at the next stop, the required power output to be supplied to the mass transit battery electric vehicle by the recharging station.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the anticipated stop time is derived from a number of passengers unloading from and loading onto on the mass transit battery electric vehicle at the next stop.

24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the required power output is derived from on an environmental condition affecting the mass transit battery electric vehicle between the next stop and the subsequent stop, the environmental condition comprising at least one of traffic, geographical terrain, and weather.

25. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the control module is configured to receive, from the mass transit battery electric vehicle while in transit along the route having the number of stops for passenger pickup, a charge capacity for the mass transit battery electric vehicle, wherein the required power output is determined based on the charge capacity.