CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE AND CONVERSION TO ORGANIC PRODUCTS

• US 20130008800A1
• Filed: 07/05/2012
• Published: 01/10/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/06/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Avantium Knowledge Centre B.V. (Avantium NV)
• Original Assignee: Liquid Light, Inc. (Avantium NV)
• Inventors: Lakkaraju, Prasad, Teamey, Kyle
• Granted Patent: US 8,658,016 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 205/413
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/103 Water
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20 Organic absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/2021 Methanol
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20415 Tri- or polyamines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20463 containing a pyrimidine-ring
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/30 Ionic liquids and zwitter-ions
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/965 including an electrochemical process step
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 3/25 Reduction
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 9/19 with diaphragms
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/151 Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Abstract

Methods and systems for capture of carbon dioxide and electrochemical conversion of the captured carbon dioxide to organic products are disclosed. A method may include, but is not limited to, steps (A) to (C). Step (A) may introduce a solvent to a first compartment of an electrochemical cell. Step (B) may capture carbon dioxide with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative to form a carbamic zwitterion. Step (C) may apply an electrical potential between an anode and a cathode sufficient for the cathode to reduce the carbamic zwitterion to a product mixture.

Claims

1. A method for electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide, comprising:

(A) introducing a solvent to a first compartment of an electrochemical cell, the first compartment including an anode, the electrochemical cell including a second compartment containing a cathode;

(B) capturing carbon dioxide with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative to form a carbamic zwitterion; and

(C) applying an electrical potential between the anode and the cathode sufficient for the cathode to reduce the carbamic zwitterion to a product mixture.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein capturing carbon dioxide with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative to form a carbamic zwitterion includes:

capturing carbon dioxide in the second compartment with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative to form a carbamic zwitterion.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein capturing carbon dioxide with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative to form a carbamic zwitterion includes:

capturing carbon dioxide in a mixing chamber with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative to form a carbamic zwitterion before the captured carbon dioxide is delivered to the second compartment.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein applying an electrical potential between the anode and the cathode sufficient for the cathode to reduce the carbamic zwitterion to a product mixture includes:

applying an electrical potential between the anode and the cathode sufficient for the cathode to reduce the carbamic zwitterion to a product mixture and to regenerate the at least one of guanidine, the guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or the pyrimidine derivative.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second compartment includes at least one of 1,1,3,3 tetramethylguanidine, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene, or 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the solvent is at least one of water, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethylfuran, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent.

7. A system for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, comprising:

an electrochemical cell including;

a first cell compartment;

an anode positioned within said first cell compartment;

a second cell compartment;

a cathode positioned within said second cell compartment;

a carbamic zwitterion; and

an energy source operably coupled with said anode and said cathode, said energy source configured to apply a voltage between said anode and said cathode to reduce the carbamic zwitterion at said cathode to a product mixture.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the carbamic zwitterion is formed by interacting carbon dioxide with at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the carbamic zwitterion is formed at least one of (a) within said second cell compartment or (b) in a mixing chamber prior to introduction to said second cell compartment.

10. The system of claim 7, wherein the energy source is further configured to apply a voltage between said anode and said cathode to regenerate the at least one of guanidine, a guanidine derivative, pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine derivative.

11. The system of claim 7, wherein the second compartment includes at least one of 1,1,3,3 tetramethylguanidine, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene, or 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine.

12. A method for electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide, comprising:

(A) introducing an ionic liquid to at least one of a cathode compartment of an electrochemical cell or a mixing chamber, the ionic liquid comprising at least one of a guanidinium-based cation or a pyrimidium-based cation, the electrochemical cell including an anode in an anode compartment and including a cathode in the cathode compartment;

(B) capturing carbon dioxide with the ionic liquid; and

(C) applying an electrical potential between the anode and the cathode sufficient for the cathode to reduce the captured carbon dioxide to a product mixture.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the ionic liquid further comprises at least one of a halide anion, a sulfate anion, a phosphate anion, or a nitrate anion.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein capturing carbon dioxide with the ionic liquid includes:

capturing carbon dioxide in the cathode compartment with the ionic liquid.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein capturing carbon dioxide with the ionic liquid includes:

capturing carbon dioxide in the mixing chamber with the ionic liquid.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

delivering the captured carbon dioxide to the cathode compartment.

17. A method for electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide, comprising:

(A) introducing a carbon dioxide capture agent to at least one of a cathode compartment of an electrochemical cell or a mixing chamber, the carbon dioxide capture agent comprising an organic solvent, the electrochemical cell including an anode in an anode compartment and including a cathode and a pyridine-based catalyst in the cathode compartment;

(B) capturing carbon dioxide with the carbon dioxide capture to agent; and

(C) applying an electrical potential between the anode and the cathode sufficient for the cathode to reduce the captured carbon dioxide to a product mixture.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the organic solvent includes at least one of methanol, acetonitrile, or dimethylfuran.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein capturing carbon dioxide with the carbon dioxide capture agent includes:

capturing carbon dioxide in the cathode compartment with the carbon dioxide capture agent.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein capturing carbon dioxide with the carbon dioxide capture agent includes:

capturing carbon dioxide in the mixing chamber with the carbon dioxide capture agent.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

delivering the captured carbon dioxide to the cathode compartment.