THREE DIMENSIONAL MICROFLUIDIC MULTIPLEXED DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM

• US 20130018243A1
• Filed: 07/13/2012
• Published: 01/17/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/13/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Leidos Innovations Technology, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: PALENA, Patricia D., JAFRI, Madiha, POLESKI, Jason, ARNOLD, Sanipa K.
• Granted Patent: US 10,080,526 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/345
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0285 Apparatus for single use
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0443 Modular apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/045 with a separable interface unit, e.g. for communication
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/028 Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0285 Nanoscale sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/046 in a matrix array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0538 invasively, e.g. using a catheter
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14735 comprising an immobilised reagent
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6847 mounted on an invasive device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6865 Access ports
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0663 Whole sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0681 Filter
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0819 Microarrays; Biochips
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0874 Three dimensional network
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0887 Laminated structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0406 capillary forces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0424 Dielectrophoretic forces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502753 characterised by bulk separation arrangements on lab-on-a-chip devices, e.g. for filtration or centrifugation separation in general B01D; microapparatus for analysis using electrophoresis G01N27/44791; sample preparation G01N1/28
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 10/00 Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/225 : comprising substituents

Abstract

A biosensor includes a microfluidics layer, a transduction layer and a transceiver layer. The transduction layer further includes a functionalized layer that reacts with a biomarker, and a plurality of carbon nanotubes adjacent the functionalized layer. The conductivity of the carbon nanotubes changes in response to a biomarker reacting with at least a portion of the functionalized layer. The functionalized layer can include dendrimers, such as a tadpole dendrimer scaffolding that includes a plurality of sites for receiving receptors for biomarkers.

Claims

1. A biosensor comprising:

a microfluidics layer;

a transduction layer further comprising;

a functionalized layer that reacts with a biomarker; and

a plurality of carbon nanotubes adjacent the functionalized layer, the conductivity of the carbon nanotubes changing in response to the functionalized layer reacting with at least a portion of the functionalized layer; and

a transceiver layer.

2. The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the functionalized layer includes dendrimers.

3. The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the functionalized layer includes a tadpole dendrimer scaffolding for receiving receptors for biomarkers.

4. The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the functionalized layer includes a plurality of one time use test locations.

5. The biosensor of claim 1 further including a conductivity monitor which monitors conductivity of the functionalized layer and the carbon nanotube layer for changes in conductivity.

6. The biosensor of claim 5 wherein the conductivity monitor is communicatively coupled to the transceiver layer.

7. The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the microfluidics layer includes a plurality of capillary tubes through which a test samples of fluids flow.

8. The biosensor of claim 7 further comprising a system for separating, filtering and concentrating a sample fluid, the system associated with the plurality of capillary tubes through which test samples of fluids flow.

9. The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the microfluidics layer includes:

a plurality of capillary tubes through which a test samples of fluids flow;

a plurality of input portals in fluid communication with a plurality of capillary tubes through which a test samples of fluids flow; and

a plurality of output portals in fluid communication with a plurality of capillary tubes, the output portals placing fluid samples on portions of the functionalized layer of the transduction layer.

10. The biosensor of claim 9 wherein the opening and closing of the input portals is controllable by a processor in the transceiver layer.

11. The biosensor of claim 1 wherein the transceiver layer includes a processor for controlling portions of the microfluidics layer and monitoring the conductivity of portions of the transduction layer and for controlling communications with the biosensor.

12. A biosensor comprising:

a microfluidics layer for collecting samples;

a transduction layer for determining if selected biomarkers are present in a fluid sample, the microfluidics layer depositing a sample onto a portion of the transduction layer; and

a transceiver layer further comprising;

a processor for controlling the microfluidics layer and monitoring the transduction layer for an indication that a selected biomarker; and

a communications device enabling communications with the biosensor.

13. The biosensor of claim 12 wherein the transduction layer further comprises:

a functionalized layer that reacts with a biomarker; and

a plurality of carbon nanotubes adjacent the functionalized layer, the conductivity of the carbon nanotubes changing in response to the functionalized layer reacting with at least a portion of the functionalized layer, the carbon nanotubes acting as a field-effect biosensor.

14. The biosensor of claim 13 wherein the functionalized layer includes a layer of dendrimers that includes receptor sites for biomarkers.

15. The biosensor of claim 13 further including a conductivity monitor which monitors conductivity of the functionalized layer and the carbon nanotube layer for changes in conductivity and sends an indication of change in conductivity to processor in the transceiver layer.

16. The biosensor of claim 13 wherein the microfluidics layer includes a plurality of capillary tubes through which a test samples of fluids flow, the fluid flow in at least one of the capillary tubes controlled by the processor in the transceiver layer.

17. The biosensor of claim 16 further comprising a system for separating, filtering and concentrating a sample fluid, the system associated with the plurality of capillary tubes through which test samples of fluids flow.

18. The biosensor of claim 12 wherein the microfluidics layer includes:

a plurality of capillary tubes through which a test samples of fluids flow;

a plurality of input portals in fluid communication with a plurality of capillary tubes through which a test samples of fluids flow; and

a plurality of output portals in fluid communication with a plurality of capillary tubes, the output portals placing fluid samples on portions of the functionalized layer of the transduction layer, at least one of the capillary tubes having an input portal and an output portal controllable by the processor of the transceiver layer.

19. The biosensor of claim 12 wherein the processor includes an instruction set executable by the processor, the instructions for

controlling the fluid flow in the microfluidics layer;

monitoring the transduction layer for an indication of presence of a selected biomarker; and

communicating the indication of the selected biomarker from the biosensor to another device.

20. A method comprising:

placing a biosensor in a body;

collecting a fluid from the body with the biosensor;

delivering the fluid to a test site within the biosensor;

monitoring the test site within the biosensor for an indication that a selected biomarker is present in the fluid; and

communicating the indication to a device other than the biosensor.