ANTENNA SWITCHING SYSTEM WITH ADAPTIVE SWITCHING CRITERIA

• US 20130035051A1
• Filed: 08/01/2011
• Published: 02/07/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/01/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Mujtaba, Syed A., Song, Kee-Bong
• Granted Patent: US 9,002,283 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/277.2
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/13 Receivers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0064 with separate antennas for the more than one band H04B1/0053 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/1027 assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0808 comparing all antennas before reception
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/082 selecting best antenna path
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0834 based on external parameters, e.g. subscriber speed or location
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/006 with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/06 adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Abstract

Electronic devices may be provided that contain wireless communications circuitry. The wireless communications circuitry may include radio-frequency transceiver circuitry coupled to multiple antennas. Signal strength measurements may be gathered using the antennas and corresponding signal strength difference measurements may be produced to reflect which of the antennas is exhibiting superior performing. The signal strength difference measurements may be filtered using time-based averaging filters with different speeds. Corresponding filtered difference measurements may be compared to antenna switching criteria such as antenna switching thresholds. An antenna switching threshold may be adjusted in real time based on computations of how much variation is exhibited as a function of time between the difference measurements filtered using the filters of different speeds. Information on device movement or other data may be used in making threshold adjustments.

Claims

1. A method for using an electronic device that has at least two antennas of which one is selectively used to handle wireless communications traffic, comprising:

with the antennas, obtaining difference measurements reflecting how much received antenna signal strength differs between the antennas;

applying first and second filters with different filtering speeds to the difference measurements to produce respective first and second filtered difference measurements; and

applying antenna switching criteria to the first and second filtered difference measurements to determine whether to switch a first of the antennas into use in handling the wireless traffic in place of a second of the antennas.

2. The method defined in claim 1 wherein applying the antenna switching criteria comprises comparing at least the one of the filtered difference measurements to a threshold.

3. The method defined in claim 2 further comprising adjusting the threshold in real time.

4. The method defined in claim 3 wherein adjusting the threshold comprises adjusting the threshold in response to a computed variation between the first filtered difference measurements and the second filtered difference measurements.

5. The method defined in claim 4 further comprising:

gathering information on whether the electronic device is transitioning from a fast fading environment to a slow fading environment, wherein adjusting the threshold comprises adjusting the threshold in response to the gathered information.

6. The method defined in claim 5 wherein gathering the information comprises:

producing movement data with a satellite positioning system receiver.

7. The method defined in claim 5 wherein gathering the information comprises:

producing movement data with an accelerometer positioning system receiver.

8. The method defined in claim 1 wherein applying the antenna switching criteria comprises comparing the first filtered difference measurements to a first threshold and comparing the second filtered difference measurements to a second threshold that is different than the first threshold.

9. The method defined in claim 8 further comprising adjusting the second threshold in real time.

10. The method defined in claim 9 further comprising:

computing how much variation is exhibited between the first filtered difference measurements and the second filtered difference measurements.

11. The method defined in claim 10 wherein adjusting the second threshold comprises adjusting the second threshold in response to the computed variation.

12. A method of operating an electronic device that has first and second antennas, wherein one of the antennas is selectively switched into use to serve as a currently active antenna that handles wireless communications traffic for the electronic device, the method comprising:

measuring a first signal strength associated with receiving antenna signals through the first antenna;

measuring a second signal strength associated with receiving antenna signals through the second antenna;

producing difference measurements by computing differences between the first and second measured signal strengths;

applying a first averaging filter to the difference measurements to produce first filtered difference measurements;

applying a second averaging filter to the difference measurements to produce second filtered difference measurements; and

applying antenna switching criteria to the first and second filtered difference measurements to determine which of the antennas is to serve as the currently active antenna.

13. The method defined in claim 12 wherein applying the antenna switching criteria comprises comparing the first filtered difference measurements to a first threshold and comparing the second filtered difference measurements to a second threshold that is different than the first threshold.

14. The method defined in claim 13 further comprising adjusting the second threshold during operation of the electronic device.

15. The method defined in claim 14 wherein adjusting the second threshold comprises:

computing how much variation exists between the first filtered difference measurement and the second filtered difference measurement; and

lowering the second threshold in response to decreases in the computed variation.

16. The method defined in claim 15 wherein adjusting the second threshold comprises increasing the second threshold in response to determining that movement of the electronic device has slowed.

17. An electronic device, comprising:

wireless circuitry including at least first and second antennas and radio-frequency transceiver circuitry that is coupled to the first and second antennas; and

control circuitry configured to control the wireless circuitry to switch a selected one of the first and second antennas into use to handle wireless communications traffic for the electronic device, wherein the control circuitry and wireless circuitry are configured to;

obtain difference measurements reflecting how much received antenna signal strength differs between the antennas;

apply first and second time-based averaging filters with different respective filtering speeds to the difference measurements to produce respective first and second filtered difference measurements; and

apply antenna switching criteria to the first and second filtered difference measurements to determine whether to switch the first or the second antenna into use to handle the wireless communications traffic.

18. The electronic device defined in claim 17 wherein the antenna switching criteria comprise first and second thresholds and wherein the control circuitry and wireless circuitry are further configured to:

compare the first filtered difference measurements to the first threshold to determine whether to generate a first antenna switching request; and

compare the second filtered difference measurements to the second threshold to determine whether to generate a second antenna switching request.

19. The electronic device defined in claim 18 wherein the control circuitry and wireless circuitry are further configured to process the first and second antenna switching requests to determine whether to switch which of the first and second antennas is being used to handle the wireless communications traffic.

20. The electronic device defined in claim 18 wherein the control circuitry and wireless circuitry are further configured to adjust the second threshold in real time during operation of the electronic device in a wireless network.

21. A method of operating an electronic device that has first and second antennas, wherein one of the antennas is selectively switched into use to serve as a currently active antenna that handles wireless communications traffic for the electronic device, the method comprising:

measuring a first signal strength associated with receiving antenna signals through the first antenna;

measuring a second signal strength associated with receiving antenna signals through the second antenna;

producing difference measurements by computing differences between the first and second measured signal strengths; and

applying antenna switching criteria to the difference measurements to determine which of the antennas is to serve as the currently active antenna, wherein applying the antenna switching criteria comprises computing a value indicative of how many times per unit time an antenna switching threshold is exceeded by the difference measurements.

22. The method defined in claim 21 further comprising applying an averaging filter to the difference measurements before applying the antenna switching criteria to the difference measurements, wherein applying the antenna switching criteria comprises comparing the value to a limit.

23. The method defined in claim 22 further comprising adjusting the value in real time during operation of the electronic device in a wireless network.