CARBON DIOXIDE GAS RECOVERY DEVICE

• US 20130055756A1
• Filed: 03/28/2011
• Published: 03/07/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: University of Tokyo
• Original Assignee: Tomohiro Mimura
• Inventors: Tsutsumi, Atsushi, Kishimoto, Akira, Kansha, Yasuki, Murahashi, Kazuki, Mimura, Tomohiro, Hayashi, Mikihiro, Ekuni, Yutaka
• Granted Patent: US 9,492,783 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 62/617
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2258/0283 Flue gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/65 Employing advanced heat integration, e.g. Pinch technology
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1425 Regeneration of liquid absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/50 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/52 Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/10 Process efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/129 Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/151 Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Abstract

A carbon dioxide gas recovery device is provided which includes an absorption tower causing an absorbent to absorb carbon dioxide gas to generate a rich absorbent and a regeneration tower regenerating a lean absorbent by heating the rich absorbent to separate carbon dioxide gas therefrom. The regeneration tower includes a reboiler system heating the absorbent led out from the regeneration tower and reintroducing the heated absorbent into the regeneration tower and a mixed gas cooling system cooling a mixed gas led out from the regeneration tower, condensing a vapor fraction of a solute and a solvent, reintroducing the condensed vapor fraction into the regeneration tower, and discharging carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device further includes a heat pump as a heat source of an endothermic reaction in which carbon dioxide gas is separated from the rich absorbent in the regeneration tower.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide gas recovery device comprising:

an absorption tower that is configured to introduce a carbon dioxide-containing gas containing carbon dioxide gas and a lean absorbent, bring the carbon dioxide-containing gas and the lean absorbent into contact with each other, and cause the absorbent to absorb carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide-containing gas to generate a rich absorbent; and

a regeneration tower that is configured to regenerate the lean absorbent by heating the rich absorbent supplied from the absorption tower to separate carbon dioxide gas from the rich absorbent,

wherein the regeneration tower includes;

a reboiler system that is configured to lead the absorbent from the regeneration tower, heat the led absorbent, and reintroduce the resultant absorbent into the regeneration tower; and

a mixed gas cooling system that is configured to lead a mixed gas of carbon dioxide gas and a vapor fraction of a solute and a solvent of the absorbent from the regeneration tower, cool the led mixed gas, condense the vapor fraction of the solute and the solvent, reintroduce the condensed vapor fraction into the regeneration tower, and discharge carbon dioxide gas,

wherein the carbon dioxide gas recovery device further comprising a heat pump that is configured to use the heat, which is transmitted through a heat carrier medium generated in an exothermic reaction in which the absorbent absorbs carbon dioxide gas in the absorption tower, as a heat source of an endothermic reaction in which carbon dioxide gas is separated from the rich absorbent in the regeneration tower.

2. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump includes a first heat exchanger that is embedded in an absorption tower filler disposed in the absorption tower, and is configured to exchange heat between the heat carrier medium lowered in temperature through expansion and the absorbent in the absorption tower.

3. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump includes a second heat exchanger that is embedded in a regeneration tower filler disposed in the regeneration tower, and is configured to exchange heat between the heat carrier medium raised in temperature through compression and the rich absorbent in the regeneration tower.

4. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the absorption tower includes a lead channel that is configured to lead a decarbonated gas obtained by separating carbon dioxide gas from the carbon dioxide-containing gas, and

wherein a third heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the decarbonated gas and the heat carrier medium lowered in temperature through expansion is interposed between the lead channel and the heat pump.

5. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the absorption tower includes a decarbonated gas cleaning system that is configured to lead a cleaner stored in the tower top portion of the absorption tower from the absorption tower, cool the led cleaner, and reintroduce the cooled cleaner into the tower top portion of the absorption tower, and

wherein a fourth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the cleaner and the heat carrier medium lowered in temperature through expansion is interposed between the decarbonated gas cleaning system and the heat pump.

6. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a rich supply channel that is configured to supply the rich absorbent from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower,

wherein a fifth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the rich absorbent and the heat carrier medium lowered in temperature through expansion is interposed between the rich supply channel and the heat pump.

7. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the absorption tower includes an intercooler system that is configured to lead the absorbent from a tower intermediate part between the tower top portion and the tower bottom portion in the absorption tower, cool the led absorbent, and reintroduce the cooled absorbent into the tower intermediate part, and

wherein a sixth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the absorbent and the heat carrier medium lowered in temperature through expansion is interposed between the intercooler system and the heat pump.

8. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a lean supply channel that is configured to supply the lean absorbent from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower,

wherein a seventh heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the lean absorbent and the heat carrier medium lowered in temperature through expansion is interposed between the lean supply channel and the heat pump.

9. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein an eighth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the absorbent and the heat carrier medium raised in temperature through compression is interposed between the reboiler system and the heat pump.

10. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a rich supply channel that is configured to supply the rich absorbent from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower,

wherein a ninth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the rich absorbent and the heat carrier medium raised in temperature through compression is interposed between the rich supply channel and the heat pump.

11. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas cooling system includes a mixed gas compressor that is configured to compress the mixed gas to raise the temperature of the mixed gas and obtain a temperature-raised mixed gas, and

wherein a tenth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the absorbent and the temperature-raised mixed gas is interposed between the reboiler system and the mixed gas cooling system.

12. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 11, further comprising a rich supply channel that is configured to supply the rich absorbent from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower,

wherein an eleventh heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the temperature-raised mixed gas after passing through the tenth heat exchanger and the rich absorbent is interposed between the mixed gas cooling system and the rich supply channel.

13. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a rich supply channel that is configured to supply the rich absorbent from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower,

wherein the mixed gas cooling system includes a mixed gas compressor that is configured to compress the mixed gas to raise the temperature of the mixed gas and obtain a temperature-raised mixed gas, and

wherein a twelfth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the temperature-raised mixed gas and the rich absorbent is interposed between the mixed gas cooling system and the rich supply channel.

14. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 13, wherein a thirteenth heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the temperature-raised mixed gas after passing through the twelfth heat exchanger and the rich absorbent is interposed between the mixed gas cooling system and the rich supply channel.

15. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device according to claim 2, wherein the heat pump includes a second heat exchanger that is embedded in a regeneration tower filler disposed in the regeneration tower, and is configured to exchange heat between the heat carrier medium raised in temperature through compression and the rich absorbent in the regeneration tower.