OPTICAL SENSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

• US 20130060106A1
• Filed: 05/23/2012
• Published: 03/07/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/2011
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Kristensen, Jesper Svenning, Ejlersen, Henning Munk, AASMUL, SOREN
• Application Number:
  US13/478,478
• Publication Number:
  US 20130060106A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/316
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0004 characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14556 by fluorescence A61B5/14555 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1473 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6848 Needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6849 in combination with a needle set
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/742 using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/201 Glucose concentration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1723 using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure measurement of body parameters A61B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6441 with two or more labels
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6484 Optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/772 Tip coated light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/7733 Reservoir, liquid reagent
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/775 Indicator and selective membrane
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/7759 Dipstick; Test strip
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/7786 Fluorescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/6408 with measurement of decay time, time resolved fluorescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/6428 : Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" in vivo A61B5/00; immunoassay G01N33/53
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/7703 : using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides using measurement of total internal reflection or attenuated total reflection G01N21/552; optical fibres or waveguides per se G02B
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2333/4724 : Lectins
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/66 : involving blood sugars, e.g. galactose

Abstract

An optical glucose sensor may include an optical fiber and a glucose-permeable membrane having a hollow interior and being coupled to the optical fiber'"'"'s distal end. The membrane'"'"'s hollow interior provides a compartment to house a competitive glucose binding affinity assay. The assay may include a glucose analog that may be labeled with a dye, and a glucose receptor that may be labeled with a fluorophore. The optical fiber may include a compound parabolic concentrator tip, and the compartment may additionally house a reflector disposed so as to face the optical fiber'"'"'s tip. A fluorophore-labeled assay may be interrogated by an optical interrogating system including a light source and a filter substrate having one or more coatings to effect, e.g., an excitation filter and/or an emission filter. The interrogating system may be manufactured as a stacked planar integrated optical system and diced into smaller units.

Claims

1. An optical glucose sensor comprising:

an optical fiber having a proximal end and an opposing distal end;

a glucose-permeable membrane having a hollow interior, an open proximal end, and a closed distal end, wherein the membrane'"'"'s proximal end is coupled to the optical fiber'"'"'s distal end so as to define a compartment in said hollow interior between the optical fiber'"'"'s distal end and the membrane'"'"'s distal end; and

a competitive glucose binding affinity assay disposed in said compartment, the assay including a glucose receptor and a glucose analog.

2. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the compartment is placed within a user'"'"'s tissue.

3. The optical glucose sensor of claim 2, wherein said proximal end of the optical fiber is external to the user'"'"'s body.

4. The optical glucose sensor of claim 3, wherein the proximal end of the optical fiber is optically coupled to an assay interrogating system.

5. The optical glucose sensor of claim 4, wherein the interrogating system is a stacked planar integrated optical system.

6. The optical glucose sensor of claim 2, wherein the proximal end of the optical fiber is optically coupled to an assay interrogating system.

7. The optical glucose sensor of claim 6, wherein the interrogating system is an optical interrogating system.

8. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein said assay is a fluorophore labeled assay.

9. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein said glucose receptor is labeled with a first fluorophore.

10. The optical glucose sensor of claim 9, wherein the assay further includes a reference fluorophore different from said first fluorophore.

11. The optical glucose sensor of claim 10, wherein said first fluorophore and said reference fluorophore have either different absorption spectra, or different emission spectra, or both.

12. The optical glucose sensor of claim 10, wherein said first fluorophore is Alexa Fluor 594 (AF594).

13. The optical glucose sensor of claim 10, wherein said reference fluorophore is Alexa Fluor 700 (AF700).

14. The optical glucose sensor of claim 10, wherein said reference fluorophore is labeled onto a macro molecule.

15. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein said glucose receptor is selected from the group consisting of Concanavalin A, glucose galactose binding protein, an antibody, Boronic Acid, and Mannan Binding Lectin (MBL).

16. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the glucose analog is dextran.

17. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the glucose analog is labeled with a dye.

18. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the glucose receptor is labeled with a fluorophore, the glucose analog is labeled with a dye, and said fluorophore and dye form a Fö

rster Resonance Energy Transfer pair.

19. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the glucose receptor is Mannan Binding Lectin (MBL), and the glucose analog is dextran.

20. The optical glucose sensor of claim 19, wherein the Mannan Binding Lectin (MBL) is labeled with an Alexa Fluor fluorophore.

21. The optical glucose sensor of claim 20, wherein the fluorophore is water soluble.

22. The optical glucose sensor of claim 20, wherein the fluorophore is Alexa Fluor 594 (AF594).

23. The optical glucose sensor of claim 19, wherein the dextran is labeled with a dye.

24. The optical glucose sensor of claim 23, wherein the dye is water soluble.

25. The optical glucose sensor of claim 23, wherein the dye is hexamethoxy crystalviolet-1 (HMCV1).

26. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the glucose receptor is Mannan Binding Lectin (MBL) labeled with Alexa Fluor 594 (AF594), and the glucose analog is dextran labeled with hexamethoxy crystalviolet-1 (HMCV1).

27. The optical glucose sensor of claim 26, wherein the assay further includes a macro molecule labeled with Alexa Fluor 700 (AF700) as a reference fluorophore.

28. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein said membrane is tube-shaped.

29. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein said membrane comprises a biocompatible polymer.

30. The optical glucose sensor of claim 29, wherein said polymer is biodegradable.

31. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the membrane'"'"'s open proximal end is sealably fitted over the optical fiber'"'"'s distal end.

32. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the optical fiber is straight cut and polished.

33. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the optical fiber is in direct contact with the assay.

34. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the optical fiber is in the shape of a compound parabolic concentrator.

35. The optical glucose sensor of claim 34, wherein said compound parabolic concentrator extends into said compartment and is in direct contact with the assay in the compartment.

36. The optical glucose sensor of claim 34, further including a reflector disposed longitudinally spaced apart from a distal end of the compound parabolic concentrator.

37. The optical glucose sensor of claim 36, wherein the reflector reflects fluorescence emitted from the assay towards the distal end of the optical fiber.

38. The optical glucose sensor of claim 36, wherein the reflector is a concave mirror.

39. The optical glucose sensor of claim 36, wherein the assay is disposed in a space between the reflector and the distal end of the compound parabolic concentrator.

40. The optical glucose sensor of claim 34, wherein the compound parabolic concentrator has a rectangular cross-section.

41. The optical glucose sensor of claim 34, wherein the optical fiber and the compound parabolic concentrator have circular cross-sections.

42. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the sensor is implanted within a user'"'"'s body.

43. The optical glucose sensor of claim 42, wherein the proximal end of the optical fiber is optically coupled to an assay interrogating system.

44. The optical glucose sensor of claim 43, wherein the interrogating system is an optical interrogating system.

45. The optical glucose sensor of claim 44, wherein the interrogating system is a stacked planar integrated optical system.

46. The optical glucose sensor of claim 1, wherein the sensor is biodegradable.