BATTERY COMPONENTS WITH LEACHABLE METAL IONS AND USES THEREOF

• US 20130071734A1
• Filed: 09/21/2011
• Published: 03/21/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 09/21/2011
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Hollingsworth & Vose Company
• Original Assignee: Hollingsworth & Vose Company
• Inventors: Wertz, John, Campion, Christopher, Gargan, Rene, Windisch, John
• Application Number:
  US13/239,317
• Publication Number:
  US 20130071734A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/204
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/06 Lead-acid accumulators semi-lead accumulators H01M10/20
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/08 Selection of materials as electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4235 Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte H01M10/4242 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/414 Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/42 Acrylic resins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/431 Inorganic material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/434 Ceramics
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/437 Glass
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/44 Fibrous material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/449 having a layered structure
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/454 comprising a non-fibrous layer and a fibrous layer superimposed on one another
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/457 comprising three or more layers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The disclosure describes compositions and methods for producing a change in the voltage at which hydrogen gas is produced in a lead acid battery. The compositions and methods relate to producing a concentration of one or more metal ions in the lead acid battery electrolyte.

Claims

1-113. -113. (canceled)

114. A lead acid battery that comprises a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator between the negative and positive electrodes, and an electrolyte in contact with the negative and positive electrodes, wherein the lead-acid battery comprises a means for shifting the voltage at which hydrogen is produced at the negative electrode by between about 10 mV and about 120 mV.

115. The lead acid battery of claim 114 wherein the means for shifting the voltage leaches metal ions selected from the group consisting of bismuth ions, nickel ions, tin ions, antimony ions, cobalt ions, copper ions, titanium ions and combinations thereof into the electrolyte.

116. The lead acid battery of claim 115 wherein the means for shifting the voltage leaches metal ions into the electrolyte with a target metal ion concentration selected from the group consisting of:

between about 14.3 ppm and about 172 ppm of bismuth ions, between about 2.3 ppm and about 27.2 ppm of nickel ions, between about 2.3 ppm and about 27.2 ppm of tin ions, between about 4.6 ppm and about 55.1 ppm of antimony ions, between about 6.4 ppm and about 77.1 ppm of cobalt ions, between about 3.6 ppm and about 42.9 ppm of copper ions, and between about 3.6 ppm and about 42.9 ppm of titanium ions.

117. The lead acid battery of claim 114 wherein the lead acid battery comprises a means for shifting the voltage at which hydrogen is produced at the negative electrode by between about 30 mV and about 60 mV.

118. The lead acid battery of claim 117 wherein the means for shifting the voltage leaches metal ions into the electrolyte with a target metal ion concentration selected from the group consisting of:

between about 42.9 ppm and about 85.8 ppm of bismuth ions, between about 6.8 ppm and about 13.6 ppm of nickel ions, between about 6.8 ppm and about 13.6 ppm of tin ions, between about 13.8 ppm and about 27.6 ppm of antimony ions, between about 19.3 ppm and about 38.6 ppm of cobalt ions, between about 10.7 ppm and about 21.4 ppm of copper ions, and between about 10.7 ppm and about 21.4 ppm of titanium ions.

119. The lead acid battery of claim 114 wherein the means for shifting the voltage comprises a resin coating containing particles of metal or a metal compound on the surface of a battery component wherein the surface is in contact with the battery electrolyte.

120. The lead acid battery of claim 119 wherein the particles are particles of a metal.

121. The lead acid battery of claim 119 wherein the particles are particles of a metal oxide.

122. The lead acid battery of claim 119 wherein the particles are selected from the group consisting of particles of bismuth, nickel, tin, antimony, cobalt, copper, titanium, bismuth oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide and combinations thereof

123. The lead acid battery of claim 119 wherein the component is selected from the group consisting of a separator, a case, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and combinations thereof.

124. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of bismuth oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.4 microns and about 174.6 microns.

125. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of nickel oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.5 microns and about 183.9 microns.

126. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of tin oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.2 microns and about 149.0 microns.

127. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of antimony oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.4 microns and about 348.4 microns.

128. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of cobalt oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.4 microns and about 168.4.

129. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of copper oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.5 microns and about 187.5 microns.

130. The lead acid battery of claim 123 wherein the resin contains particles of titanium oxide and the coating thickness is between about 1.4 microns and about 166.0 microns.

131. The lead acid battery of claim 114 wherein the means for shifting the voltage comprises a resin containing particles of a metal or metal compound in a resin filled separator.

132. The lead acid battery of claim 131 wherein the particles are particles of a metal oxide.

133. The lead acid battery of claim 131 wherein the particles are selected from the group consisting of particles of bismuth, nickel, tin, antimony, cobalt, copper, titanium, bismuth oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide and combinations thereof

134. The lead acid battery of claim 131 wherein the separator comprises between about 0.03 weight percent and about 0.39 weight percent of bismuth oxide, about 0.007 weight percent and about 0.08 weight percent

135. The lead acid battery of claim 131 wherein the particles are particles of a metal. of nickel oxide, about 0.006 weight percent and about 0.07 weight percent of tin oxide, about 0.01 weight percent and about 0.13 weight percent of antimony oxide, about 0.02 weight percent and about 0.19 weight percent of cobalt oxide, about 0.009 weight percent and about 0.11 weight percent of copper oxide or about 0.01 weight percent and about 0.14 weight percent of titanium oxide.

136. The lead acid battery of claim 114 wherein the means for shifting the voltage comprises a battery separator that comprises glass fibers that are coated with a resin layer that contains particles of a metal or metal compound and an intermediate layer comprising a sizing agent between the glass fiber and the resin layer.

137. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the particles are particles of a metal.

138. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the particles are particles of a metal oxide.

139. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the particles are selected from the group consisting of particles of bismuth, nickel, tin, antimony, cobalt, copper, titanium, bismuth oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide and combinations thereof.

140. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the separator comprises between about 0.09 weight percent and about 1.10 weight percent of bismuth oxide, about 0.02 weight percent and about 0.24 weight percent of nickel oxide, about 0.02 weight percent and about 0.20 weight percent of tin oxide, about 0.03 weight percent and about 0.37 weight percent of antimony oxide, about 0.04 weight percent and about 0.55 weight percent of cobalt oxide, about 0.02 weight percent and about 0.30 weight percent of copper oxide, or about 0.04 weight percent and about 0.40 weight percent of titanium oxide.

141. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the resin layer comprises between about 1 weight percent and about 11 weight percent of the coated glass fiber.

142. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the resin layer comprises between about 3 weight percent and about 6 weight percent of the coated glass fiber.

143. The lead acid battery of claim 136 wherein the resin layer comprises between about 9 weight percent and about 11 weight percent of the coated glass fiber.

144. A lead acid battery that comprises a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator between the negative and positive electrodes, and an electrolyte in contact with the negative and positive electrodes, wherein the lead-acid battery comprises a means for providing metal ions into the electrolyte with a target concentration in the electrolyte that is selected from the group consisting of:

between about 14.3 ppm and about 172 ppm of bismuth ions, between about 2.3 ppm and about 27.2 ppm of nickel ions, between about 2.3 ppm and about 27.2 ppm of tin ions, between about 4.6 ppm and about 55.1 ppm of antimony ions, between about 6.4 ppm and about 77.1 ppm of cobalt ions, between about 3.6 ppm and about 42.9 ppm of copper ions, and between about 3.6 ppm and about 42.9 ppm of titanium ions.

145. The battery of claim 144, wherein the lead-acid battery comprises a means for providing metal ions into the electrolyte with a target concentration in the electrolyte that is selected from the group consisting of:

between about 42.9 ppm and about 85.8 ppm of bismuth ions, between about 6.8 ppm and about 18.2 ppm of nickel ions, between about 6.8 ppm and about 18.2 ppm of tin ions, between about 13.8 ppm and about 36.7 ppm of antimony ions, between about 19.3 ppm and about 51.4 ppm of cobalt ions, between about 10.7 ppm and about 28.5 ppm of copper ions, and between about 10.7 ppm and about 28.5 ppm of titanium ions.