Control Device and Method for Controlling an AC Motor

• US 20130106323A1
• Filed: 07/05/2011
• Published: 05/02/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/06/2010
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Rolls-Royce Marine AS Power Electric Systems Bergen
• Original Assignee: Rolls-Royce Marine AS Power Electric Systems Bergen
• Inventors: Haugland, Torbjorn
• Application Number:
  US13/808,605
• Publication Number:
  US 20130106323A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 318/376
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/42 for ships or vessels
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/1842 wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/1892 the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/12 Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/23 arranged for operation in parallel H02M7/2176 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/81 arranged for operation in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 25/16 characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring

Abstract

Control device (30) and method for controlling an AC motor (18) by means of a motor control unit (19). The control device (30) includes an AFE unit (33) arranged in parallel with the rectifier unit (12), which AFE unit (33) is arranged for, under normal operation, to work as an active filter and inject super-harmonic current components opposite of the ones generated by the rectifier unit (12) to counteract the current distortion, seen from the grid side. When the motor control unit (19) is running regenerative, the AFE unit (33) will work as a 4-quadrant converter and supply energy back to the supply grid (13). Advantages of the invention are reduced physical size, lower cost and improved efficiency compared to existing solutions of motor drive with frequency converters in weak grids, where the motor drive must handle regenerative operation.

Claims

1-20. -20. (canceled)

21. A control device (30) for controlling an AC motor (18) by means of a motor control unit (19), including a rectifier unit (12), an AFE unit (33) which includes one or more LCL filters (35), an AC/DC converter (36), and an Active Front End control (37), which control the device (30) being supplied with energy from a supply source/supply grid (13), wherein the AFE unit (33) is arranged in parallel with the rectifier unit (12), for working as an active filter and injecting super-harmonic current components opposite to those generated by the rectifier unit (12) to counteract the current distortion on the grid side under normal operation, and regeneratively working as a 4-wuadrant converter and supplying energy back to the supply grid (13) when the motor control unit (19) is running.

22. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the rectifier unit (12) is provided with one or more switches to block current from passing throughput the rectifier unit (12) when there is no need for energy from the supply source (13).

23. The control device according to claim 21, including one or more switches (43) arranged to a direct voltage connection between the AFE unit (33) and the rectifier unit (12) to block current from passing between the AFE unit (33) and a DC bus (42).

24. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the Active Front End control (37) is arranged to control the one or more switches.

25. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the AFE unit (33) exhibits less power than the motor control unit (19).

26. The control device according to claim 25, wherein the AFE unit (33) has a power that corresponds to 15-50% of the power of the motor control unit (19).

27. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the AFE unit (33) is provided with means (39) for measuring voltage quality and means (38) for measuring current consumption to the rectifier unit (12).

28. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the AFE unit (33) is provided with means (40) for measuring the voltage in a DC intermediate circuit (32) to determine whether the AFE unit (33) is to inject current or to be run regenerative for supplying energy back to the supply grid (13).

29. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the AFE unit (33) is provided with means and/or software for calculating magnitude and phase angle of current to be injected and to determine magnitude of current which has to be injected to counteract the current distortion at the grid side.

30. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the rectifier unit (12) is a 6-pulse rectifier, and includes a DC coil (31) arranged after the rectifier unit (12) or an AC coil arranged in front of the rectifier unit (12) for assisting in smoothening current consumption and maintaining a stable voltage in the DC intermediate circuit (32).

31. The control device according to claim 21, wherein the motor control unit (19) includes a DC/AC converter and a control unit which can operate the motor (18) by speed, frequency or power control.

32. The control device according to claim 21, including an auto-transformer arranged in front of the LCL filter (35) or integrated with the LCL filter (35) for reducing the voltage to the AFE unit (35) to avoid current from passing through by-pass diodes in the AFE unit (33) under operation of the motor control unit (19).

33. A method for controlling an AC motor (18) by means of a motor control unit (19), a control device (30) including a rectifier unit (12), an AFE unit (33) which include one or more LCL filters (35), an AC/DC converter (36), and an Active Front End control (37), wherein the control device (30) is supplied with energy from a supply source/supply grid (13), including by means of the AFE unit (33), which is arranged in parallel with the rectifier unit (12), actively filtering and injecting super-harmonic current components opposite to the ones generated by the rectifier unit (12) to counteract the current distortion, seen from the grid side, when the motor control unit (19) operates an AC motor (18).

34. The method of claim 33, including by means of the AFE unit (33), supplying regenerative energy back to the supply grid (13) when the motor control unit (19) is running regenerative or the AC motor (18) is braking.

35. The method according to claim 33, including by means of one or more switches (43) arranged in the rectifier unit (12), blocking current passing through the rectifier unit (12) when there is no need for energy from the supply source (13).

36. The method according to claim 33, including by means of one or more switches (43), arranged to a DC voltage connection between the AFE unit (33) and the rectifier unit (12), blocking for current passing between the AFE unit (33) and a DC bus (42) based on the direction of the power of the AC motor (18).

37. The method according to claim 33, including measuring voltage quality and current consumption to the rectifier unit (12) for determining the current magnitude which needs to be injected to counteract the current distortion seen from the grid side.

38. The method according to claim 33, including calculating magnitude and phase angle of current to determine magnitude of current which needs to be injected to counteract the current distortion, seen from the grid side, based on measured voltage quality and current consumption.

39. The method according to claim 33, including measuring the voltage in a DC intermediate circuit (32) to determine if current is to be injected or regenerative energy is to be supplied back to the supply grid (13).

40. The method according to claim 33, including reducing the voltage to the AFE unit (33) by using an auto-transformer arranged in front of the LCL filter (35) or integrated with the LCL filter (35) to avoid current from passing through by-pass diodes in the AFE unit (33) under operation of the motor control unit (19), so that maximum value of sinusoidal voltage does not exceed DC voltage in the intermediate circuit (32).