DISTRIBUTED VIRTUAL NETWORK GATEWAYS

• US 20130136133A1
• Filed: 01/25/2013
• Published: 05/30/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: ALKHATIB, HASAN, OUTHRED, GEOFF
• Granted Patent: US 8,982,890 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/392
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4641 Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN] LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/462; encapsulation techniques H04L12/4633; routing of packets H04L45/00; packet switches H04L49/00; virtual private networks for security H04L63/0272
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/66 Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/74 Address processing for routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/745 Address table lookup; Address filtering
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/70 Virtual switches
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2503 Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/45 Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5007 Internet protocol [IP] addresses

Abstract

Computerized methods, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for distributing virtualized gateway functionality to multiple nodes within a physical network. Initially, drivers that carry out the gateway functionality are provisioned to cooperate with endpoints instantiated on the network nodes, while a directory service is implemented to maintain a mapping between virtual internet protocol (IP) addresses and location-dependent addresses, as well as a table enumerating transformation actions according to known pathways connecting the endpoints within a network. In operation, the directory service replies to requests from the driver (carrying source and destination IP addresses of data packets) with the appropriate location-dependent addresses (utilizing the mapping) and the appropriate transformation action(s) (utilizing the table). The transformation action(s) include rewriting headers of the data packets to include the location-dependent addresses, encapsulating the data packets as inner data packets within respective outer data packets, or configuring the data packets with a tunneling protocol.

Claims

1. One or more computer-storage media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, perform a method for managing distribution of data packets between endpoints, the method comprising:

reading at a first endpoint one or more data packets, wherein the one or more data packets include a header comprising a source IP address and a destination IP address;

sending a request from the first endpoint to a directory service, wherein the request includes the source IP address and the destination IP address, and wherein the directory service is configured to perform steps comprising;

(a) using a predefined mapping to identify a first location-dependent address that corresponds with the source IP address;

(b) using the predefined mapping to identify a second location-dependent address that corresponds with the destination IP address; and

(c) determining a forwarding path between the first endpoint and a second endpoint based on, in part, the first and second location-dependent addresses;

receiving from the directory service a response that includes the forwarding path; and

initiating transmission of the one or more data packets to the second endpoint along forwarding path.

2. The computer-storage media of claim 1, wherein a driver is embodied on a node hosting the first endpoint and is responsible for delivering the request to the directory service and for receiving the response from the directory service.

3. The computer-storage media of claim 2, wherein the driver includes a routing component that is configured to accept the one or more data packets and read the source address and the destination address from the header of the one or more data packets.

4. The computer-storage media of claim 1, wherein the predefined mapping associates virtual IP addresses and corresponding location-dependent addresses.

5. The computer-storage media of claim 1, wherein the forwarding path represents a pathway within the physical network that links the first and second endpoints.

6. The computer-storage media of claim 1, wherein the directory service is further configured to maintain a table list a plurality of transformation actions.

7. The computer-storage media of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the directory service inspecting the table with the forwarding path to identify a corresponding transformation action of the plurality of transformation actions.

8. The computer-storage media of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises receiving from the directory service a communication that includes the identified transformation action.

9. The computer-storage media of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises transforming the one or more data packets based on the received transformation action.

10. The computer-storage media of claim 9, wherein transforming the one or more data packets comprises readdressing the one or more data packets based on, in part, the forwarding path.

11. The computer-storage media of claim 10, wherein the first endpoint represents an endpoint that originated the one or more data packets, and wherein the second endpoint represents an endpoint that is targeted by a header of the one or more readdressed data packets.

12. The computer-storage media of claim 10, wherein the first endpoint represents a network adapter running on a physical machine or a virtual machine (VM) that originated the one or more data packets.

13. The computer-storage media of claim 12, wherein the second endpoint represents a network adapter running on a physical machine or a VM that is targeted by a header of the one or more readdressed data packets.

14. The computer-storage media of claim 10, wherein readdressing the one or more data packets based on the forwarding path comprises:

removing the source IP address and the destination IP address within the header of the one or more data packets; and

replacing the source IP address and destination IP address with first and second location-dependent addresses, respectively, of a physical network.

15. The computer-storage media of claim 14, wherein replacing the source IP address and destination IP address occurs upon identifying that the first endpoint and the second endpoint reside within a common data center and upon identifying that the source IP address and the destination IP address belong to a common virtual space.

16. The computer-storage media of claim 9, wherein transforming the one or more data packets comprises encapsulating the one or more data packets as inner data packets within respective outer data packets, wherein the outer data packets each include a header that comprises the first and second location-dependent addresses.

17. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 16, wherein encapsulating the one or more data packets occurs upon determining that the second endpoint is unable to translate the headers of the one or more data packets if the source IP address and the destination IP address are removed.

18. A computer system for supporting and isolating communications between endpoints, the computer system comprising:

a directory service that maintains a mapping between virtual internet protocol (IP) addresses and location-dependent addresses of a physical network;

a first endpoint that originates one or more data packets structured with headers that include a source IP address and a destination IP address, wherein the source IP address points to the first endpoint, and wherein the destination IP address points to a second endpoint; and

a driver that performs a routing decision comprising;

(a) communicating with the directory service to determine a transformation action as a function of, at least, the source IP address and the destination IP address;

(b) when the first endpoint and the second endpoint reside within a common data center, the transformation action involves replacing the source IP address and the destination IP address with respective location-dependent addresses within the headers of the one or more data packets; and

(c) when the second endpoint is unable to translate the headers of the one or more data packets if the source IP address and the destination IP address are removed, the transformation action involves encapsulating the one or more data packets as inner data packets within respective outer data packets, wherein the outer data packets each include headers that include the location-dependent addresses.

19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the directory service maintains a table that imparts the appropriate transformation action to the driver based on a record of pre-established tunnels or network pathways that link the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

20. A computerized method for identifying a network pathway and transformation action in response to a request from a distributed, virtual network gateway, the method comprising:

providing a directory service that maintains a mapping between virtual internet protocol (IP) addresses and location-dependent addresses, and maintains a table that returns an appropriate transformation action upon being queried with one or more IP addresses;

receiving a request from a virtual network gateway in communication with a recipient endpoint, wherein the request includes indicia of a source IP address and a destination IP address carried by one or more data packets accepted by the recipient endpoint;

using the mapping to identify location-dependent addresses corresponding to the source IP address and the destination IP address, wherein the location-dependent addresses assist in determining a forwarding path of the one or more data packets through a physical network;

using the table to identify a corresponding transformation action corresponding to the forwarding path; and

returning a response that delivers to the virtual network gateway indicia of the forwarding path and the identified transformation action, wherein the virtual network gateway communicates the response to the recipient endpoint.