Dispatching Mobile Energy Resources to Respond to Electric Power Grid Conditions

• US 20130173331A1
• Filed: 03/16/2011
• Published: 07/04/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Energy Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: ABB Research Ltd. (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Mohagheghi, Salman, Tournier, Jean-Charles
• Granted Patent: US 9,600,790 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 705/7.25
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/70 Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/72 Charging station selection relying on external data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/52 drive range estimation, e.g. of estimation of available travel distance
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/54 Energy consumption estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/58 Departure time prediction
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/66 Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06315 Needs-based resource requirements planning or analysis
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/38 Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 5/00 Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks H02J3/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/34 : Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering H02J7/14 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Systems and methods for responding to electric power grid conditions may include identifying a portion of the electric power grid for power response, identifying at least one mobile energy resource and at least one connection site, and dispatching the mobile energy resource to a connection site.

Claims

1. A method for responding to electric power grid conditions, the method comprising:

identifying a portion of the electric power grid for a power response;

identifying at least one mobile energy resource and at least one connection site;

determining for the identified at least one mobile energy resource a proximity to the connection site;

determining a rating for the identified at least one mobile energy resource, wherein the rating is based at least partially on the proximity to the connection site; and

dispatching the identified at least one mobile energy resource to the connection site if the rating is above a predetermined threshold.

2. The method of claim 1, comprising determining for the identified at least one mobile energy resource a dispatch capacity, wherein the rating is based at least partially on the dispatch capacity.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the identified at least one mobile energy resource and the identified at least one connection site are proximate the portion of the electric power grid.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the power response comprises an injection of electric power from the mobile energy resource.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the identified at least one mobile energy resource is a vehicle comprising an electrical energy source and the identified at least one connection site is configured to selectively receive power from the electrical energy source.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the identified at least one mobile energy resource is a plug-in electric vehicle and the identified at least one connection site is a charging location configured for use with the plug-in electric vehicle.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein dispatching the identified at least one mobile energy resource to the connection site includes sending to the plug-in electric vehicle a discharge duration and driving directions to the charging location.

8. The method of claim 7, comprising determining for the identified at least one mobile energy resource a dispatch capacity, wherein the dispatch capacity corresponds to an available discharge capacity for the plug-in electric vehicle, and the discharge duration is at least partially based on the available discharge capacity.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein dispatching the identified at least one mobile energy resource to the connection site includes sending a request that the identified at least one mobile energy resource be connected to the identified at least one connection site, and the method comprises providing an incentive for compliance with the request.

10. The method of claim 9, comprising imposing a penalty on at least some mobile energy resources for noncompliance with the request.

11. A method for responding to electric power grid conditions, the method comprising:

identifying a portion of the electric power grid to receive a power response;

determining a magnitude of desired power response;

determining a mobile energy resource dispatch area based at least partially on the portion of the electric power grid;

identifying a plurality of mobile energy resources proximate the dispatch area;

identifying for each of the mobile energy resources a nearest one of a plurality of connection sites;

determining for each of the mobile energy resources a dispatch capacity;

identifying a subset of the mobile energy resources, wherein the combined dispatch capacity of the mobile energy resources in the subset is at least as great as the magnitude of desired power response; and

dispatching the mobile energy resources of the subset to the corresponding nearest ones of the connection sites.

12. The method of claim 11, comprising:

determining for each of the mobile energy resources a proximity to the nearest one of the connection sites; and

ranking each of the mobile energy resources based at least partially on at least one of its dispatch capacity and its proximity to the nearest one of the connection sites, wherein the subset includes higher ranked ones of the mobile energy resources.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the desired power response comprises an injection of electric power, at least some of the mobile energy resources are vehicles comprising an electrical energy source, and the connection sites are configured to selectively receive power from the electrical energy source.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein at least some of the mobile energy resources are plug-in electric vehicles, and the connection sites are charging locations configured for use with the plug-in electric vehicles.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein dispatching the mobile energy resources of the subset includes sending to the plug-in electric vehicles a discharge duration and driving directions to the corresponding nearest ones of the charging locations.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the dispatch capacity corresponds to an available discharge capacity for the corresponding plug-in electric vehicle, and the discharge duration is at least partially based on the available discharge capacity.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the mobile energy resources include enrolled mobile energy resources and non-enrolled mobile energy resources, and the method comprises receiving an indication from ones of the non-enrolled mobile energy resources that are proximate the dispatch area.

18. The method of claim 11, comprising providing an incentive to those of the mobile energy resources that respond to the dispatch.

19. The method of claim 18, imposing a penalty on at least some of the mobile energy resources that do not comply with the dispatch.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the mobile energy resources include enrolled mobile energy resources and non-enrolled mobile energy resources, and the method comprises imposing a penalty on at least some of the enrolled mobile energy resources that do not comply with the dispatch.

21. A computer readable storage medium having embodied thereon a plurality of machine-readable instructions configured to be executed by a computer processor, the plurality of machine-readable instructions comprising instructions to:

determine a magnitude of desired power response;

determine a mobile energy resource dispatch area;

identify a plurality of mobile energy resources proximate the dispatch area;

identify for each of the mobile energy resources a nearest one of a plurality of connection locations;

determine for each of the mobile energy resources a dispatch capacity and a proximity to the nearest one of the connection locations;

rank the mobile energy resources based at least partially on the proximity to the nearest one of the connection locations for each of the mobile energy resources;

identify a subset of the mobile energy resources, wherein the combined dispatch capacity of the mobile energy resources in the subset is at least as great as the magnitude of desired power response, and the subset includes higher ranked ones of the mobile energy resources; and

dispatch the mobile energy resources of the subset to the corresponding nearest ones of the connection locations.

22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the desired power response comprises an injection of electric power, at least some of the mobile energy resources are plug-in electric vehicles, and the connection locations are charging locations configured for use with the plug-in electric vehicles.

23. The computer readable storage medium of claim 22, wherein the instructions to dispatch the mobile energy resources of the subset include instructions to send to the plug-in electric vehicles at least one of a discharge duration and driving directions to the corresponding nearest ones of the charging locations.

24. The computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein the dispatch capacity corresponds to an available discharge capacity for the corresponding plug-in electric vehicle, and the discharge duration is at least partially based on the available discharge capacity.

25. The computer readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions comprise instructions to provide an incentive to those of the mobile energy resources that respond to the dispatch.

26. The computer readable storage medium of claim 25, wherein the mobile energy resources include enrolled mobile energy resources and non-enrolled mobile energy resources, and the plurality of machine-readable instructions comprise instructions to impose a penalty on at least some of the enrolled mobile energy resources that do not comply with the dispatch.