DYNAMIC TCP LAYER OPTIMIZATION FOR REAL-TIME FIELD PERFORMANCE

• US 20130176854A1
• Filed: 01/09/2012
• Published: 07/11/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/09/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google Technology Holdings LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Motorola Mobility, Inc. (Lenovo Group Ltd.)
• Inventors: Chisu, Daniel C., Declerck, Daniel J.
• Granted Patent: US 9,380,635 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/241
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 80/06 Transport layer protocols, e.g. TCP [Transport Control Protocol] over wireless transmission control protocol/Internet protocol [TCP/IP] or user datagram protocol [UDP] H04L69/16

Abstract

A method and system that mitigates data session degradation over a radio link connection with an end server by allocating resources at a wireless communication device based on real-time radio frequency (RF) channel conditions. A performance tracking and resource allocation (PTRA) logic monitors radio access bearer (RAB) configuration and radio link quality for communication links between the WCD and the end server. The PTRA logic sets a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size parameter to a pre-established size associated with the measured radio link quality. In response to detecting a change in the RAB configuration, the PTRA logic performs a real-time round trip time (RTT) measurement utilizing individual RTTs associated with packet segments transmitted at a lower protocol layer. In addition, the PTRA logic modifies at least one of a transmission control protocol (TCP) receive window (RWIN) and a TCP transmit window (TWIN) using the real-time RTT measurements and RAB configuration.

Claims

1. In a wireless communications device (WCD), a method for mitigating transmission control protocol (TCP) data session degradation over a radio link connection with an end server, the method comprising:

monitoring a bandwidth allocation for at least one of an uplink communication and a downlink communication with the end server;

detecting a change in the bandwidth allocation;

in response to detecting the change in the bandwidth allocation, performing a real-time round trip time (RTT) measurement utilizing round trip time intervals corresponding to segments of a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) datagram being transmitted at a lower protocol layer; and

modifying at least one of a TCP receive window (RWIN) and a TCP transmit window (TWIN) using the real-time RTT measurement.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein:

detecting a change in the bandwidth allocation further comprises;

determining whether a change in at least one of an uplink radio access bearer (RAB) configuration and a downlink RAB configuration has occurred, wherein the uplink RAB configuration provides an uplink maximum bandwidth and an allowed uplink frame size, wherein the downlink RAB configuration provides a downlink maximum bandwidth and an allowed downlink frame size, and wherein the uplink maximum bandwidth and the downlink maximum bandwidth constitute the bandwidth allocation; and

performing the real-time RTT measurement comprises determining the real-time RTT utilizing lower-layer RTTs for packet segments transmitted at one of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a Radio Link Protocol (RLP) layer, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and a Hybrid Automatic Repeat-Request (HARD) protocol layer.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining a real-time RTT further comprises:

selecting a first sample size for a sequence of protocol data units (PDUs) that are transmitted at a lower protocol layer, wherein said first sample size falls within a range of values between a pre-established minimum sample size and a pre-established maximum sample size, wherein the sequence of PDUs having the first sample size represents a subset of a complete set of PDUs having a second, larger sample size at the lower protocol layer, which complete set of PDUs are segments of a single IP layer packet generated at an IP layer, and wherein the first sample size corresponds to a first number of PDUs whose lower-layer RTTs are sufficient to provide an estimated real-time RTT that is expected to be within a specific range of an actual RTT generated at the TCP layer for the single IP layer packet.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

computing (a) a partial RTT sum that includes a summation of the first number of individual lower-layer RTTs corresponding to transmission and acknowledgement of each of the first number of individual PDUs within the sequence of PDUs of the sample size and (b) a corresponding wait time latency sum of sequential latency intervals between receipt of an acknowledgement of a successful transmission of a preceding PDU in the sequence and subsequent transmission of a next PDU in the sequence of PDUs of the first sample size; and

calculating a current estimate of real-time RTT by;

extrapolating the partial RTT sum associated with the sample size to an estimated RTT sum for the complete set of PDUs corresponding to the single IP layer packet;

extrapolating the corresponding wait time latency sum to an estimated wait time latency sum associated with the complete set of PDU; and

adding the estimated RTT sum to the estimated wait time latency sum to obtain a real-time RTT; and

assigning the real-time RTT for utilization as a current TCP RTT for processes at the WCD involving the current TCP RTT.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

determining a bandwidth delay product (BDP) providing a measure of an amount of data that is within the RF communication channel between the WCD and the end server at a corresponding time instant, wherein said BDP is determined based on the real-time RTT and an uplink and a downlink maximum channel rate associated with a corresponding maximum bandwidth from an RAB configuration, wherein the BDP includes an uplink BDP component and a downlink BDP component;

automatically re-configuring at least one of (a) a size for a TCP receive window (RWIN) and (b) a size for a TCP transmit window (TWIN) based on a corresponding BDP; and

setting a value for a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size parameter for the RF communication link using previously established associations between radio link quality RAB assignment.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

measuring a radio link quality for a downlink communication channel of the WCD;

retrieving a data structure that provides pre-established associations between radio link quality and at least one of;

(a) MTU size parameter;

(b) TCP transmit data buffer size parameter; and

(c) TCP receive data buffer size parameter;

determine a range from among a plurality of radio link quality ranges in which the radio link quality falls; and

in response to the radio link quality being within a first range of a plurality of radio link quality ranges;

(a) setting a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size for packet transmission to a first size that is associated with the first range of the plurality of radio link quality ranges;

(b) setting a TCP transmit data buffer size parameter to a transmit buffer size that is associated with the first range of radio link quality ranges; and

(c) setting a TCP receive data buffer size parameter to a receive data buffer size that is associated with the first range of the plurality of radio link quality ranges.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein:

the plurality of radio link quality ranges are used to provide a level of control sensitivity for resource allocation based on radio link quality; and

the method further comprises;

in response to the radio link quality being within the first range of the plurality of radio link quality ranges, setting an MTU size to a first size;

monitoring for a change in the radio link quality;

automatically adjusting the size of the MTU in real-time in response to detecting a change in the radio link quality that moves a current signal quality from being within one pre-established radio link range to a different radio link quality range among the plurality of radio link quality ranges, wherein each of the plurality of radio link quality ranges is associated with a corresponding pre-determined size to be utilized for the MTU.

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

monitoring the radio link quality and the channel bandwidth allocation before and after an establishment of a data connection between the WCD and the end server; and

responding to changes in the radio link quality by setting at least one of the MTU size, the TCP transmit buffer size parameter, and the TCP receive buffer size parameter during one of;

(a) a current socket connection with the end server;

(b) a next socket connection with the end server; and

(c) a next handshake procedure with the end server; and

wherein said modifying at least one of a TCP receive window (RWIN) and a TCP transmit window (TWIN) occurs during one of;

(a) the current socket connection with the end server;

(b) the next socket connection with the end server; and

(c) the next handshake procedure with the end server.

9. In a wireless communications device (WCD), a method for comprising:

mitigating data session degradation over a radio communication link with an end server by;

measuring a radio link quality for a downlink communication channel of the WCD, wherein said measured radio link quality falls within one of a plurality of radio link quality ranges; and

setting;

(a) a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size to a size that is associated with the measured radio link quality;

(b) a TCP transmit buffer size parameter to a transmit buffer size that is associated with the measured radio link quality; and

(c) a TCP receive buffer size parameter to a receive buffer size that is associated with the measured radio link quality.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said setting an MTU size further comprises:

in response to the measured radio link quality being within a first range of the plurality of radio link quality ranges, setting an MTU size to a first size;

monitoring for a change in the radio link quality; and

automatically adjusting the size of the MTU in real-time in response to detecting a change in the measured radio link quality that moves a current signal quality from being within one pre-established radio link quality range to a different radio link quality range among the plurality of radio link quality ranges, wherein each of the plurality of radio link quality ranges is associated with a corresponding pre-determined size to be utilized for the MTU, wherein the plurality of radio link quality ranges are used to provide control sensitivity for resource allocation based on radio link quality.

11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

determining whether a change in at least one of an uplink radio access bearer (RAB) configuration and a downlink RAB configuration has occurred, wherein the uplink RAB configuration provides an uplink maximum bandwidth and an allowed uplink frame size, wherein the downlink RAB configuration provides a downlink maximum bandwidth and an allowed downlink frame size, and wherein the uplink maximum bandwidth and the downlink maximum bandwidth constitute the bandwidth allocation;

performing a real-time RTT measurement by determining the real-time RTT utilizing lower-layer RTTs for packet segments transmitted at one of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a radio link protocol (RLP) layer, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and a Hybrid Automatic Repeat-Request (HARD) protocol layer;

determining a bandwidth delay product (BDP) providing a measure of an amount of data that is within the RF communication channel between the WCD and the end server at a corresponding time instant, wherein said BDP is determined based on the real-time RTT and an uplink and a downlink maximum channel rate associated with a corresponding maximum bandwidth from an RAB configuration, wherein the BDP includes an uplink BDP component and a downlink BDP component;

automatically re-configuring at least one of (a) a size for a TCP receive window (RWIN) and (b) a size for a TCP transmit window (TWIN) based on a corresponding BDP; and

setting a value for a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size parameter for the RF communication link using previously established associations between radio link quality RAB assignment.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said determining a real-time RTT further comprises:

selecting a first sample size for a sequence of protocol data units (PDUs) that are transmitted at a lower protocol layer, wherein said first sample size falls within a range of values between a pre-established minimum sample size and a pre-established maximum sample size, wherein the sequence of PDUs having the first sample size represents a subset of a complete set of PDUs having a second, larger sample size at the lower protocol layer, which complete set of PDUs are segments of a single IP layer packet generated at an IP layer, and wherein the first sample size corresponds to a first number of PDUs whose lower-layer RTTs are sufficient to provide an estimated real-time RTT that is within a specific range of an actual RTT generated at the TCP layer for the single IP layer packet.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

computing (a) a partial RTT sum that includes a summation of the first number of individual lower-layer RTTs corresponding to transmission and acknowledgement of each of the first number of individual PDUs within the sequence of PDUs of the sample size and (b) a corresponding wait time latency sum of sequential latency intervals between receipt of an acknowledgement of a successful transmission of a preceding PDU in the sequence and subsequent transmission of a next PDU in the sequence of PDUs of the first sample size; and

calculating a current estimate of real-time RTT by;

extrapolating the partial RTT sum associated with the sample size to an estimated RTT sum for the complete set of PDUs corresponding to the single IP layer packet;

extrapolating the corresponding wait time latency sum to an estimated wait time latency sum associated with the complete set of PDU; and

adding the estimated RTT sum to the estimated wait time latency sum to obtain a real-time RTT; and

assigning the real-time RTT for utilization as a current TCP RTT for processes at the WCD involving the current TCP RTT.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

monitoring the radio link quality and the channel bandwidth allocation before and after an establishment of a data connection between the WCD and the end server; and

responding to changes in the radio link quality by setting at least one of the MTU size, the TCP transmit buffer size parameter, and the TCP receive buffer size parameter during one of;

(a) a current socket connection with the end server;

(b) a next socket connection with the end server; and

(c) a next handshake procedure with the end server; and

wherein said modifying at least one of a TCP receive window (RWIN) and a TCP transmit window (TWIN) occurs during one of;

(a) the current socket connection with the end server;

(b) the next socket connection with the end server; and

(c) the next handshake procedure with the end server.

15. A wireless communication device (WCD) comprising:

a processor;

a wireless transceiver;

a storage accessible to the processor and having stored thereon a utility which when executed on the processor provides logic that causes the wireless communication device to;

monitor a bandwidth allocation for at least one of an uplink communication and a downlink communication with the end server;

measure a radio link quality for a downlink communication channel of the WCD;

set a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size to a pre-established size that is associated with the measured radio link quality;

detect a change in the bandwidth allocation;

in response to detecting the change in the bandwidth allocation, perform a real-time round trip time (RTT) measurement utilizing round trip time intervals corresponding to segments of a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) datagram being transmitted at a lower protocol layer; and

modify at least one of a TCP receive window (RWIN) and a TCP transmit window (TWIN) using the real-time RTT measurement.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein said logic that sets an MTU size further comprises logic that causes the WCD to:

in response to the measured radio link quality being within a first range of the plurality of radio link quality ranges, setting an MTU size to a first size;

monitoring for a change in the radio link quality;

automatically adjust the size of the MTU in real-time in response to detecting a change in the radio link quality that moves a current signal quality from being within one pre-established signal quality range to a different signal quality range among the plurality of radio link quality ranges, wherein each of the plurality of signal quality ranges is associated with a corresponding pre-determined size to be utilized for the MTU; and

in response to determining that the radio link quality is at a specific radio link quality range;

(a) set the TCP transmit buffer size parameter to a pre-established transmit buffer size that is associated with the specific radio link quality range; and

(b) set the TCP receive buffer size parameter to a pre-established receive data buffer size that is associated with the specific radio link quality range, wherein the plurality of different radio link quality ranges are used to provide granular control sensitivity for resource allocation based on radio link quality.

17. The device of claim 15, further comprising logic that causes the WCD to:

determine whether a change in at least one of an uplink radio access bearer (RAB) configuration and a downlink RAB configuration has occurred, wherein the uplink RAB configuration provides an uplink maximum bandwidth and an allowed uplink frame size, wherein the downlink RAB configuration provides a downlink maximum bandwidth and an allowed downlink frame size, and wherein the uplink maximum bandwidth and the downlink maximum bandwidth constitute the bandwidth allocation;

in response to detecting a change in at least one of the uplink RAB configuration and the downlink RAB configuration, determine a real-time RTT utilizing lower-layer RTTs for packet segments transmitted at one of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a Radio Link Protocol (RLP) layer, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and a Hybrid Automatic Repeat-Request (HARD) protocol layer;

determine a bandwidth delay product (BDP) providing a measure of an amount of data that is within the RF communication channel between the WCD and the end server at a corresponding time instant, wherein said BDP is determined based on the real-time RTT and an uplink and a downlink maximum channel rate associated with a corresponding maximum bandwidth from an RAB configuration, wherein the BDP includes an uplink BDP component and a downlink BDP component;

automatically re-configure at least one of (a) a size for a TCP receive window (RWIN) and (b) a size for a TCP transmit window (TWIN) based on a corresponding BDP; and

set a value for a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size parameter for the RF communication link using previously established associations between radio link quality and RAB assignment.

18. The device of claim 17, wherein said logic that causes the WCD to determine a real-time RTT further comprises logic that causes the WCD to:

select a first sample size for a sequence of protocol data units (PDUs) that are transmitted at a lower protocol layer, wherein said first sample size falls within a range of values between a pre-established minimum sample size and a pre-established maximum sample size, wherein the sequence of PDUs having the first sample size represents a subset of a complete set of PDUs having a second, larger sample size at the lower protocol layer, which complete set of PDUs are segments of a single IP layer packet generated at an IP layer, and wherein the first sample size corresponds to a first number of PDUs whose lower-layer RTTs are sufficient to provide an estimated real-time RTT that is within a specific range of an actual RTT generated at the TCP layer for the single IP layer packet.

19. The device of claim 18, further comprising logic that causes the WCD to:

compute (a) a partial RTT sum that includes a summation of the first number of individual lower-layer RTTs corresponding to transmission and acknowledgement of each of the first number of individual PDUs within the sequence of PDUs of the sample size and (b) a corresponding wait time latency sum of sequential latency intervals between receipt of an acknowledgement of a successful transmission of a preceding PDU in the sequence and subsequent transmission of a next PDU in the sequence of PDUs of the first sample size; and

calculate a current estimate of real-time RTT by;

extrapolating the partial RTT sum associated with the sample size to an estimated RTT sum for the complete set of PDUs corresponding to the single IP layer packet;

extrapolating the corresponding wait time latency sum to an estimated wait time latency sum associated with the complete set of PDU; and

adding the estimated RTT sum to the estimated wait time latency sum to obtain a real-time RTT; and

assign the real-time RTT for utilization as a current TCP RTT for processes at the WCD involving the current TCP RTT.

20. The device of claim 16, further comprising logic that causes the WCD to:

monitor the radio link quality and the channel bandwidth allocation before and after an establishment of a data connection between the WCD and the end server; and

respond to changes in the radio link quality by setting at least one of the MTU size, the TCP transmit buffer size parameter, and the TCP receive buffer size parameter during one of;

(a) a current socket connection with the end server;

(b) a next socket connection with the end server; and

(c) a next handshake procedure with the end server; and

wherein said WCD modifies at least one of a TCP receive window (RWIN) and a TCP transmit window (TWIN) occurs during one of;

(a) the current socket connection with the end server;

(b) the next socket connection with the end server; and

(c) the next handshake procedure with the end server.