Interface Devices, Systems, and Methods for Use With Intravascular Pressure Monitoring Devices

• US 20130190633A1
• Filed: 01/18/2013
• Published: 07/25/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/19/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Volcano Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Volcano Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Dorando, Dale Gene, Alpert, Howard David, Wong, David Shong-Un
• Granted Patent: US 10,736,519 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/486
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0443 Modular apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/085 combined with means for recording calibration data
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02007 Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02158 provided with two or more sensor elements
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6851 Guide wires
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6852 Catheters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7278 Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals A61B5/327 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/742 using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7475 User input or interface means, e.g. keyboard, pointing device, joystick

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure are configured to assess the severity of a blockage in a vessel and, in particular, a stenosis in a blood vessel. In some particular embodiments, the devices, systems, and methods of the present disclosure are configured to provide FFR measurements in a small, compact device that integrates with existing proximal and distal pressure measurement systems and does not require a separate power source.

Claims

1. An interface for intravascular pressure sensing devices, comprising:

a distal input configured to receive a distal pressure signal from a distal pressure sensing device;

a distal output configured to output the distal pressure signal to a hemodynamic system in a format useable by the hemodynamic system;

a proximal input configured to receive a proximal pressure signal from a proximal pressure sensing device;

a proximal output configured to output the proximal pressure signal to the hemodynamic system in a format useable by the hemodynamic system;

a processor coupled to the distal input, distal output, proximal input, and proximal output, the processor configured to calculate a pressure differential between the distal pressure and the proximal pressure based on the received distal pressure signal and the received proximal pressure signal; and

a display in communication with the processor and configured to display the pressure differential calculated by the processor.

2. The interface of claim 1, wherein the distal input, distal output, proximal input, proximal output, processor, and display are secured to a housing.

3. The interface of claim 2, wherein the housing has a width between 5 cm and 25 cm, a height between 5 cm and 25 cm, and a depth between 1 cm and 10 cm.

4. The interface of claim 3, wherein the distal pressure sensing device is a pressure-sensing guidewire.

5. The interface of claim 4, wherein the proximal pressure sensing device is a pressure-sensing catheter configured for use with the hemodynamic system.

6. The interface of claim 5, wherein the pressure-sensing catheter communicates with the hemodynamic system via at least four leads.

7. The interface of claim 6, wherein a first pair of leads of the at least four leads are associated with sending an excitation signal to the pressure-sensing catheter.

8. The interface of claim 7, further comprising a first amplifier electrically coupled with the first pair of leads, the first amplifier configured to sample the excitation signal.

9. The interface of claim 8, wherein the first amplifier sends the sampled excitation signal to the microprocessor.

10. The interface of claim 9, wherein a second pair of leads of the at least four leads are associated with sending the proximal pressure signal from the proximal pressure sensing device to the hemodynamic system.

11. The interface of claim 10, further comprising a second amplifier electrically coupled with the second pair of leads, the second amplifier configured to sample the proximal pressure signal.

12. The interface of claim 11, wherein the second amplifier sends the sampled proximal pressure signal to the microprocessor.

13. The interface of claim 1, further comprising a power extraction device coupled to a pair of leads that receive an excitation signal from the hemodynamic system, the power extraction device positioned within the housing and configured to extract power from the excitation signal for use in operating at least the processor and the display.

14. The interface of claim 13, wherein the pair of leads are associated with a proximal pressure measurement input of the hemodynamic system.

15. The interface of claim 13, wherein the pair of leads are associated with a distal pressure measurement input of the hemodynamic system.

16. The interface of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to identify a diagnostic window for calculating the pressure differential, the diagnostic window consisting of a portion of a heartbeat cycle of a patient.

17. A system for evaluating a vascular stenosis, the system comprising:

a distal pressure sensing device sized and shaped for insertion into human vasculature;

a proximal pressure sensing device sized and shaped for insertion into human vasculature; and

an interface comprising;

a distal input configured to receive a distal pressure signal from the distal pressure sensing device;

a proximal input configured to receive a proximal pressure signal from the proximal pressure sensing device;

a proximal output configured to output the proximal pressure signal to a processing system in a format useable by the processing system;

a processor coupled to the distal input, proximal input, and proximal output, the processor configured to calculate a pressure differential between the distal pressure and the proximal pressure based on the received distal pressure signal and the received proximal pressure signal; and

a display in communication with the processor and configured to display the pressure differential calculated by the processor.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the processing system is a hemodynamic system.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the display is a touchscreen.

20. The system of claim 17, wherein the display is further configured to display the proximal pressure and the distal pressure.

21. The system of claim 17, wherein the interface further comprises a distal output configured to output the distal pressure signal to a processing system in a format useable by the processing system.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the distal input, distal output, proximal input, proximal output, processor, and display are secured to a housing.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the housing has a width between 5 cm and 25 cm, a height between 5 cm and 25 cm, and a depth between 1 cm and 10 cm.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the distal pressure sensing device is a pressure-sensing guidewire.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the proximal pressure sensing device is a pressure-sensing catheter configured for use with the processing system.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein the pressure-sensing catheter communicates with the processing system via at least four leads.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein a first pair of leads of the at least four leads are associated with sending an excitation signal to the pressure-sensing catheter.

28. The system of claim 27, further comprising a first amplifier electrically coupled with the first pair of leads, the first amplifier configured to sample the excitation signal.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein the first amplifier sends the sampled excitation signal to the microprocessor.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein a second pair of leads of the at least four leads are associated with sending the proximal pressure signal from the proximal pressure sensing device to the processing system.

31. The system of claim 30, further comprising a second amplifier electrically coupled with the second pair of leads, the second amplifier configured to sample the proximal pressure signal.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein the second amplifier sends the sampled proximal pressure signal to the microprocessor.

33. The system of claim 17, further comprising a power extraction device coupled to a pair of leads that receive an excitation signal from the processing system, the power extraction device positioned within the housing and configured to extract power from the excitation signal for use in operating at least the processor and the display.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein the pair of leads are associated with a proximal pressure measurement input of the processing system.

35. The system of claim 33, wherein the pair of leads are associated with a distal pressure measurement input of the processing system.

36. The system of claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to identify a diagnostic window for calculating the pressure differential, the diagnostic window consisting of a portion of a heartbeat cycle of a patient.