SONOSENSITIVE NANOPARTICLES

• US 20130281916A1
• Filed: 11/17/2011
• Published: 10/24/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/2010
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Isis Innovation Limited
• Original Assignee: ISIS Innovation Corporation
• Inventors: Arora, Manish, Wagstaffe, Sarah Jayne, Schiffter-Weinle, Heiko Alexander, Molinari, Michael Bernard, Constantin-Cassios, Coussios
• Application Number:
  US13/885,565
• Publication Number:
  US 20130281916A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/22
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 41/0028 Disruption, e.g. by heat or ultrasounds, sonophysical or sonochemical activation, e.g. thermosensitive or heat-sensitive liposomes, disruption of calculi with a medicinal preparation and ultrasounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 41/0033 Sonodynamic cancer therapy with sonochemically active agents or sonosensitizers, having their cytotoxic effects enhanced through application of ultrasounds ultrasound therapy per se A61N7/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/222 characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, liposomes
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0009 involving or responsive to electricity, magnetism or acoustic waves; Galenical aspects of sonophoresis, iontophoresis, electroporation or electroosmosis microelectromechanical systems A61K9/0097
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5115 Inorganic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5153 Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2982 Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2998 including synthetic resin or polymer

Abstract

A method of delivering a therapeutic substance to tissue comprises delivering the therapeutic substance and nanoparticles to the tissue, the nanoparticles having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, and insonating the tissue with pressure waves. Corresponding particles, and associated methods of controlling and imaging the treatment and delivery are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A nanoparticle for inducing cavitation in a medium under insonation, the nanoparticle having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm.

8. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 1 wherein the surface features are formed by spheres or part-spheres with diameter of 5-50 nm, or depressions with depth of 5-50 nm, and or width of 5-50 nm.

9. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles are hydrophobic.

10. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles carry a drug.

11. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles are hollow forming nanocapsules.

12. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles are freeze-dried or spray-freeze-dried or spray-dried.

13. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 1 wherein the nanoparticles are each formed by providing a core and forming a shell on the core.

14. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 13 wherein the core is of polystyrene.

15. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 13 wherein the shell is formed at least partly from silicon dioxide or titanium dioxide.

16. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 13 wherein the core is removed to leave a hollow shell.

17. A nanoparticle, system or method according to claim 13 wherein the shell is formed at least partly from particles having a diameter in the range 5 to 50 nm so as to provide the surface features.

2. A nanoparticle for the treatment of cancer in a body, the nanoparticle having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, whereby the nanoparticle is arranged to enhance cavitation in the body when the body is insonated with pressure waves.

3. A system for treating cancerous tissue, the system comprising a source of pressure waves and nanoparticles for delivery to the tissue, the nanoparticles having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, whereby the nanoparticles are arranged to enhance cavitation in the tissue when the tissue is insonated with pressure waves from the source.

22. A system according to claim 3 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of at least 100 kHz.

23. A system according to claim 3 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of at least 500 kHz.

24. A system according to claim 3 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of not more than 10 MHz.

25. A system according to claim 3 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of not more than 5 MHz.

4. A method of controlling cavitation in tissue, the method comprising delivering nanoparticles to the tissue, the nanoparticles having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, and insonating the tissue with pressure waves.

18. A method according to claim 4 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of at least 100 kHz.

19. A method according to claim 4 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of at least 500 kHz.

20. A method according to claim 4 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of not more than 10 MHz.

21. A method according to claim 4 wherein the pressure waves have a frequency of not more than 5 MHz.

5. A method of imaging an object, the method comprising delivering nanoparticles to the object, the nanoparticles having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, and insonating the object with pressure waves such that the nanoparticles induce cavitation in the object, detecting pressure waves generated by the cavitation by means of a detector, and processing signals from the detector to generate an image of the object.

6. A method of monitoring the delivery of a therapeutic substance to tissue, the method comprising delivering the therapeutic substance and nanoparticles to the tissue, the nanoparticles having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, and insonating the tissue with pressure waves such that the nanoparticles induce cavitation in the tissue, detecting pressure waves generated by the cavitation by means of a detector, and processing signals from the detector to monitor the delivery.

7. A method of delivering a therapeutic substance to tissue, the method comprising delivering the therapeutic substance and nanoparticles to the tissue, the nanoparticles having a diameter in the range from 10 to 1000 nm and surface features having a depth in the range from 5 to 50 nm, and insonating the tissue with pressure waves.