System and Method for Identifying Impending Hydraulic Pump Failure

• US 20130283773A1
• Filed: 04/30/2012
• Published: 10/31/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Inventors: Hague, M. Evan
• Granted Patent: US 9,051,945 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 60/328
• CPC Class Codes: E02F 9/2292 Systems with two or more pumps
• CPC Class Codes: E02F 9/267 Diagnosing or detecting failure of vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 49/106 Responsive to pumped volume
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 51/00 Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 19/005 Fault detection or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/20546 variable capacity
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/20576 with multiple pumps
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/6306 representing a pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/633 representing a state of the prime mover, e.g. torque or rotational speed
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/6336 representing a state of the output member, e.g. position, speed or acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/6652 Control of the pressure source, e.g. control of the swash plate angle
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/855 Testing of fluid pressure systems

Abstract

A system and method for predicting impending pump failure in a hydraulic system is disclosed. The system measures and compares the running and moving volumetric deficiencies of the hydraulic system as a whole and if they are not within range of each other by a predetermined threshold, the system determines that at least one of the pumps in the system is about to fail. If such a determination is made by the system, the pump displacement is at standby of each pump is then calculated and the pump with the greatest displacement at standby is determined to be the pump approaching failure. Once the pump approaching failure is identified, a signal is generated to apprise the operator or other entity to enable corrective action to be taken.

Claims

1. A method of determining impending pump failure in a multiple pump hydraulic system, comprising;

measuring volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic system;

determining that one of the multiple pumps is approaching failure when the volumetric efficiency is decreasing at a rate greater than a predetermined threshold;

measuring pump displacement at standby for first and second pumps when it is determined that one of the pumps is approaching failure;

determining which one of the first and second pumps is approaching failure when the measured pump displacement at standby of one of the pumps is greater than the pump displacement at standby for the other pump by a predetermined range; and

generating a signal indicating an impending failure of the pump with the greater pump displacement at standby.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is 5%.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is 5%.

4. The method of claim 1, further including determining that a third pump is approaching failure when neither the measured pump displacement of the first pump nor the measured pump displacement of the second pump is greater than the other by the predetermined range.

5. The method of claim 1, further including disabling the pump determined to be impending failure.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the measuring steps are performed using existing sensors in the hydraulic system.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sensors sense engine speed, pressure and hydraulic cylinder displacement.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the volumetric efficiency is measured at full flow and maximum pressure.

9. The method of claim 8, further including calculating running volumetric efficiency and moving volumetric efficiency and the determining that one of the multiple pumps is approaching failure step is performed when the moving volumetric efficiency is 5% less than the running volumetric efficiency.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the hydraulic cylinder displacement is used to determine system flow.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein commanded pump displacement is assumed as actual pump displacement in calculating theoretical maximum pump flow.

12. A hydraulic system, comprising:

at least two pumps;

at least two hydraulic cylinders;

at least one valve between the at least two pumps and at least two hydraulic cylinders;

at least one hydraulically actuated tool operatively connected to each hydraulic cylinder;

a displacement sensor associated with each hydraulic cylinder;

a speed sensor associated with each pump;

a pressure sensor associated with the at least one valve; and

a processor receiving signals from each sensor, calculating volumetric efficiency over time, determining a pump failure is impending when the volumetric efficiency is decreasing at a rate greater than a predetermined threshold, calculating pump displacement at standby for the at least two pumps, determining if one of the pump displacements at standby is greater than the other by a predetermined range, and generating a signal indicating an impending pump failure for the pump with the greater pump displacement at standby.

13. The hydraulic system of claim 12, wherein the predetermined threshold is 5%.

14. The hydraulic system of claim 12, wherein the predetermined range is 5%.

15. The hydraulic system of claim 12 further including a threshold pump and the processor determines which pump is approaching failure by comparing pump displacement at standby for a first pump to pump displacement at standby for a second pump, and if the pump displacements are within the predetermined range of one another, determining that the third pump is impending failure.

16. The hydraulic system of claim 12, wherein the processor further calculates running volumetric efficiency and moving volumetric efficiency and determines that one of the pumps is impending failure when the moving volumetric efficiency is 5% less than the running volumetric efficiency.

17. A machine, comprising:

a chassis;

a drivetrain movably supporting the chassis;

an engine supported by the chassis and operatively connected to the drive train;

an operator cabin supported by the chassis;

at least two hydraulic pumps supported by the chassis;

at least two hydraulic cylinders extending from the chassis and operatively connected to the hydraulic pumps;

at least one valve between the at least two pumps and the at least two hydraulic cylinders;

at least one hydraulically actuated tool operatively connected to each hydraulic cylinder;

a speed sensor associated with each pump;

a pressure sensor associated with the at least one valve;

a processor receiving signals from each sensor calculating volumetric efficiency over time, determining pump failure is impending when the volumetric efficiency is decreasing at a rate greater than a predetermined threshold, calculating pump displacement at standby for the at least two pumps, determining if one of the pump displacements at standby is greater than the other by a predetermined range, and generating a signal indicating an impending pump failure for the pump with the greater pump displacement at standby; and

an operator interface in the operator cabin adapted to receive the impending failure signal and display indicia indicative of same.

18. The machine of claim 17, wherein the machine is an earth-moving machine.

19. The machine of claim 17, further including a remote processor provided apart from the machine and adapted to receive signals from the sensor, determining the pump with impending failure, and transmit a signal indicating same to the operator cabin.

20. The machine of claim 17, wherein the machine includes at least three pumps and the processor determines which pump is approaching failure by comparing pump displacement at standby for a first pump to a second pump and if the pump displacements are within the predetermined range of one another, determining that the third pump is impending failure.