Low Cost Immobilized Amine Regenerable Solid Sorbents

• US 20130287662A1
• Filed: 01/07/2011
• Published: 10/31/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/07/2011
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: University of Akron
• Original Assignee: University of Akron
• Inventors: Chuang, Steven S. C.
• Application Number:
  US13/978,657
• Publication Number:
  US 20130287662A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 423/228
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/204 Amines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/106 Silica or silicates
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/25 Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/302 Sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/304 Hydrogen sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/306 Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/404 Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/508 by treating the gases with solids
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/62 Carbon oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/81 Solid phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/043 Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/103 comprising silica
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/22 comprising organic material
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3219 involving a particular spacer or linking group, e.g. for attaching an active group
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3223 by means of an adhesive agent
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3242 Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3251 comprising at least two different types of heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3289 : Coatings involving more than one layer of same or different nature
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3425 : of sorbents or filter aids comprising organic materials
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3483 : by thermal treatment not covered by groups B01J20/3441 - B01J20/3475, e.g. by heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 : of CO2

Abstract

A method of modifying a chemical interaction between a functional group of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition and a compound that chemically interacts with the functional group to reduce the heat required to desorb the compound from the solid sorbent. A method of inhibiting degradation of an immobilized amine in an immobilized amine solid sorbent. Compositions and methods of use of a low-cost regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent resistant to degradation.

Claims

1. A method of modifying a chemical interaction between i) an amine functional group of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition, and, ii) a gaseous compound that chemically interacts with the amine functional group, by causing the adsorption of the gaseous compound on the immobilized amines in the presence of an alcohol species.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the immobilized amine is prepared from an aliphatic or aromatic amine and an epoxy on a solid support, said solid support comprising an oxide, a metal, a carbon material, or a combination thereof.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the chemically adsorbed compound is an acidic gas, said acidic gas comprising, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, CS2, thiopene, dibenzothiophene, tetrahydrothiophene, dimethyl sulfide, mercaptan, tertbutylmercaptant, 2-methyl-2propanethiol, 1-propanethiol, isobutanethiol, 2-butanethiol, I-butanethiol, 1-pentanethiol, I-hexanethiol, and I-heptanethiol, nitric oxide, nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide, or some combination thereof.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the alcohol species is a glycol.

5. A method comprising:

a. inhibiting degradation of amine functional groups of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition

b. by including an inorganic base in the solid sorbent composition.

6. A regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent composition comprising:

a. a solid support particle,

b. an immobilized amine,

i. wherein the immobilized amine comprises an adhesive and an amine susceptible to adsorbing a compound,

c. an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of a bond between the compound and the immobilized amine, and;

d. an inorganic base.

7. The composition of claim 6 wherein the solid support particle is SiO₂.

8. The composition of claim 6 wherein the amine is an aliphatic or aromatic amine.

9. The composition of claim 6 wherein the adhesive is an epoxy.

10. The composition of claim 6 wherein the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol.

11. The composition of claim 6 wherein the inorganic base is Na₂CO₃.

12. A method of removing a compound from a gas stream comprising:

a. employing a regenerable solid sorbent in the gas stream, wherein the regenerable solid sorbent comprises,

i. an immobilized amine susceptible to chemosorbing the compound,

ii. an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the compound and the amine, and

iii. an inorganic base,

b. allowing the regenerable solid sorbent to adsorb the compound from the gas stream, and;

c. heating the solid sorbent to a temperature above the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the adsorbed compound and the immobilized amine, but below the threshold temperature for dissociation of the immobilized amine.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the gas stream is flue gas, the compound is CO₂, the solid support is SiO₂, the amine is an aliphatic amine, the adhesive is an epoxy, the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol and the inorganic base is Na₂CO₃.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the gas stream is flue gas and the compound is SO₂, the solid support is SiO₂, the amine is an aromatic amine, the adhesive is an epoxy, the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol and the inorganic base is Na₂CO₃.

15. A method of preparing a dual immobilized amine regenerable solid sorbent for adsorbing a first compound and a second compound, comprising:

a. impregnating into pores of a solid support a first composition comprising,

i. a first amine susceptible to chemosorbing the first compound,

ii. an adhesive,

iii. an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the first compound and the first amine, and

iv. an inorganic base,

b. optionally partially filling the pores with a solvent after impregnating the pores with the first composition,

c. treating the resultant solid support with a second composition comprising,

i. a second amine susceptible to chemosorbing the second compound,

ii. an adhesive,

iii. an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the second compound and the second amine, and,

iv. an inorganic base, and;

d. optionally, removing the solvent from the pores.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the first compound is CO₂ and the first composition comprises an aliphatic amine, a polyethylene glycol, an epoxy and Na₂CO₃, and the second compound is SO₂ and the second composition comprises an aromatic amine, a polyethylene glycol, an epoxy and Na₂CO₃.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the solvent is water.

18. A dual immobilized amine regenerable solid sorbent composition, comprising:

a. solid support particles having pores, pore mouths and a non-porous surface area,

b. wherein the pores contain a composition of a first amine susceptible to chemosorbing a first compound, an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of a bond between the first compound and the first amine, an adhesive, and an inorganic base, and;

c. wherein the pore mouths and non-porous surface area contain a composition of a second amine susceptible to chemosorbing a second compound, an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of a bond between the second compound and the second amine, an adhesive, and an inorganic base.

19. The composition of claim 18 wherein the solid support particles are SiO₂ particles, the first compound is CO₂, the amine susceptible to chemosorbing a first compound is an aliphatic amine, the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol, the adhesive is an epoxy and the inorganic base is Na₂CO₃.

20. The composition of claim 18 wherein the solid support particles are SiO₂ particles, the second compound is SO₂, the amine susceptible to chemosorbing a second compound is an aromatic amine, the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol, the adhesive is an epoxy and the inorganic base is Na₂CO₃.