REVERSIBLE SOLID ADSORPTION METHOD AND SYSTEM UTILIZING WASTE HEAT FOR ON-BOARD RECOVERY AND STORAGE OF CO2 FROM MOTOR VEHICLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EXHAUST GASES
First Claim
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1. A method for reducing the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream emitted by an internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle, the method comprising:
- a. passing the exhaust gas stream into contact with a CO2 capture agent on board the vehicle, the capture agent having a predetermined capacity to extract CO2 from the exhaust stream;
b. discharging a treated exhaust gas stream having a reduced CO2 content into the atmosphere;
c. discontinuing the passage of the exhaust gas stream in contact with the capture agent when the concentration of the CO2 extracted by the capture agent has reached a predetermined level;
d. heating the CO2 capture agent to release the extracted CO2 and regenerate the capture agent;
e. recovering an essentially pure CO2 gas stream;
f. recovering heat and energy from the hot exhaust gas stream emitted by the ICE by contact with an energy conversion medium;
g. compressing the recovered CO2 gas on board the vehicle to reduce its volume using the energy recovered in step (f); and
h. temporarily storing the compressed CO2 on board the vehicle.
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Abstract
A method and system are described for on-board treatment of an exhaust stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere which include:
- a. a treatment zone on board the vehicle containing a capture agent having a predetermined capacity for extracting CO2 from the exhaust stream,
- the treatment zone preferably operating in swing mode with at least two subsystems, each having an inlet for admitting the exhaust gas stream and an outlet for passage of a treated exhaust stream having a reduced CO2 content,
- the treatment zone preferably operating in swing mode with at least two subsystems, each including a heat exchanger with an inlet for receiving the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE for passage in heat exchange relation with the capture agent to release CO2 and regenerate the capture agent, and an outlet for the cooled exhaust gas stream,
- the treatment zone having a CO2 discharge outlet for CO2 released from the regenerated capture agent;
- b. a compression zone in fluid communication with the CO2 discharge outlet from the treatment zone, the compression zone including one or more compressors for reducing the volume of the CO2;
- c. a storage zone for receiving the compressed CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle; and
- d. an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the treated exhaust gas stream outlet from the treatment zone.
- a. a treatment zone on board the vehicle containing a capture agent having a predetermined capacity for extracting CO2 from the exhaust stream,
39 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A method for reducing the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream emitted by an internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle, the method comprising:
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a. passing the exhaust gas stream into contact with a CO2 capture agent on board the vehicle, the capture agent having a predetermined capacity to extract CO2 from the exhaust stream; b. discharging a treated exhaust gas stream having a reduced CO2 content into the atmosphere; c. discontinuing the passage of the exhaust gas stream in contact with the capture agent when the concentration of the CO2 extracted by the capture agent has reached a predetermined level; d. heating the CO2 capture agent to release the extracted CO2 and regenerate the capture agent; e. recovering an essentially pure CO2 gas stream; f. recovering heat and energy from the hot exhaust gas stream emitted by the ICE by contact with an energy conversion medium; g. compressing the recovered CO2 gas on board the vehicle to reduce its volume using the energy recovered in step (f); and h. temporarily storing the compressed CO2 on board the vehicle. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20)
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17. A system for on-hoard treatment of an exhaust gas stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere, the system comprising:
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a. a treatment zone on board the vehicle containing a capture agent having a predetermined capacity for extracting CO2 from the exhaust stream, the treatment zone having an inlet for admitting the exhaust gas stream and an outlet for passage of a treated exhaust stream having a reduced CO2 content, the treatment zone further including a heat exchanger with an inlet for receiving the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE for passage in heat exchange relation with the capture agent to release CO2 and regenerate the capture agent, and an outlet for the cooled exhaust gas stream, the treatment zone having a CO2 discharge outlet for CO2 released from the regenerated capture agent; b. a compression zone in fluid communication with the CO2 discharge outlet from the treatment zone, the compression zone including one or more compressors for reducing the volume of the CO2; c. a storage zone for receiving the compressed CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle; and d. an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the treated exhaust gas stream outlet from the treatment zone. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 21)
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Specification