Negative Electrode Material for Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Secondary Battery, Negative Electrode Active Material for Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Secondary Battery, and Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Secondary Battery

• US 20130337314A1
• Filed: 02/22/2013
• Published: 12/19/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/18/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Fukasawa, Takayuki, Morita, Tomokazu, Hotta, Yasuyuki, Kuboki, Takashi, Hiraoka, Toshiro, Essaki, Kenji, Osada, Noikazu
• Granted Patent: US 9,318,737 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/163
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/021 Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/0471 involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/133 Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/134 Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/366 as layered products
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/625 Carbon or graphite
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

There is provided a negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, the negative electrode material being a silicon oxide represented by the composition formula, SiO_x, containing silicon and silicon oxide, in which x satisfies the relation of 0.1≦x≦0.8; the silicon oxide contains crystalline silicon; among the particles of crystalline silicon having a diameter of 1 nm or greater, the proportion by number of particles having a diameter of 100 nm or less is 90% or greater; and the BET specific surface area of the silicon oxide is larger than 100 m²/g.

Claims

1. A negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, comprising a silicon oxide represented by the composition formula, SiO_x that includes silicon and silicon oxide,

wherein x satisfies the relation of 0.1≦

x≦

0.8;

the silicon oxide includes crystalline silicon;

the proportion by number of particles having a diameter of 100 nm or less among particles of the crystalline silicon having a diameter of 1 nm or greater, is 90% or greater; and

the BET specific surface area of the silicon oxide is larger than 100 m²/g.

2. The material according to claim 1, wherein the silicon oxide includes amorphous silicon oxide.

3. The material according to claim 1, wherein a powder of the silicon oxide forms secondary particles, in which primary particles including the crystalline silicon are aggregated, a porous material including the crystalline silicon, or a mixture of the secondary particles and the porous material.

4. The material according to claim 3, wherein the primary particles include particles having a diameter of 120 nm or less.

5. The material according to claim 3, wherein the porous material includes fine pores having a pore size of 120 nm or less.

6. The material according to claim 1, wherein the x satisfies the relation of x≦

0.7.

7. The material according to claim 1, wherein the x satisfies the relation of x≦

0.5.

8. The material according to claim 1, further comprising a fibrous material including the silicon or the silicon oxide, which has a thickness of from 5 nm to 30 nm and a length of 100 nm or greater.

9. A negative electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, comprising a carbonaceous material and a negative electrode material in the carbonaceous material,

wherein the negative electrode material is dispersed in the carbonaceous material;

the negative electrode material comprises a silicon oxide represented by the composition formula, SiO_x that includes silicon and silicon oxide;

the x satisfies the relation of 0.1≦

x≦

0.8;

the silicon oxide includes crystalline silicon;

the proportion by number of particles having a diameter of 100 nm or less among particles of the crystalline silicon having a diameter of 1 nm or greater, is 90% or greater; and

the BET specific surface area of the silicon oxide is larger than 100 m²/g.

10. The material according to claim 9, wherein the silicon oxide includes amorphous silicon oxide.

11. The material according to claim 9, wherein a powder of the silicon oxide forms secondary particles, in which primary particles including the crystalline silicon are aggregated, a porous material including the crystalline silicon, or a mixture of the secondary particles and the porous material.

12. The material according to claim 11, wherein the primary particles include particles having a diameter of 120 nm or less.

13. The material according to claim 11, wherein the porous material includes fine pores having a pore size of 120 nm or less.

14. The material according to claim 9, wherein the x satisfies the relation of x≦

0.7.

15. The material according to claim 9, wherein the x satisfies the relation of x≦

0.5.

16. The material according to claim 9, further comprising a fibrous material including the silicon or the silicon oxide, which has a thickness of from 5 nm to 30 nm and a length of 100 nm or greater.

17. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, including a packaging material;

a positive electrode accommodated inside the packaging material;

a negative electrode which is accommodated inside the packaging material by being disposed spatially apart from the positive electrode with a separator interposed therebetween, and contains a negative electrode active material; and

a non-aqueous electrolyte filled inside the packaging material,

wherein the negative electrode active material comprises a carbonaceous material and a negative electrode material in the carbonaceous material,

the negative electrode material is dispersed in the carbonaceous material;

the negative electrode material comprises a silicon oxide represented by the composition formula, SiO_x that includes silicon and silicon oxide;

the x satisfies the relation of 0.1≦

x≦

0.8;

the silicon oxide includes crystalline silicon;

the proportion by number of particles having a diameter of 100 nm or less among particles of the crystalline silicon having a diameter of 1 nm or greater, is 90% or greater; and

the BET specific surface area of the silicon oxide is larger than 100 m²/g.

18. The battery according to claim 17, wherein the silicon oxide includes amorphous silicon oxide.

19. The battery according to claim 17, wherein a powder of the silicon oxide forms secondary particles, in which primary particles including the crystalline silicon are aggregated, a porous material including the crystalline silicon, or a mixture of the secondary particles and the porous material.

20. The battery according to claim 17, wherein the battery is used for battery pack.