PURIFICATION OF GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION SIGNAL IN AN IMPLANTABLE FLUORESCENCE BASED GLUCOSE SENSOR
First Claim
1. A method of determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal using an optical sensor implanted in the living animal and a sensor reader external to the living animal, the method comprising:
- emitting, using a light source of the optical sensor, excitation light to indicator molecules of the optical sensor, the indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to the concentration of glucose;
generating, using a photodetector of the optical sensor, a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by the photodetector, wherein the light received by the photodetector includes glucose-modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules and at least one of excitation light emitted by the light source and non-glucose modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules;
conveying, using an inductive element of the optical sensor, the raw signal;
receiving, using an inductive element of the sensor reader, the conveyed raw signal;
tracking, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light;
tracking, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted in the living animal;
adjusting, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the received raw signal to compensate for offset and distortion based on the tracked cumulative emission time and the tracked implant time; and
converting, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the adjusted signal into a measurement of glucose concentration in the medium of the living animal.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods, sensors, and systems for determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal are disclosed. Determining the glucose concentration may involve emitting excitation light from a light source to indicator molecules, generating a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by a photodetector, purifying and normalizing the raw signal, and converting the normalized signal to a glucose concentration. The purification may involve removing noise (e.g., offset and/or distortion) from the raw signal. The purification and normalization may involve tracking the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light and tracking the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted. The purification and normalization may involve measuring the temperature of the sensor. The purification, normalization, and conversion may involve using parameters determined during manufacturing, in vitro testing, and/or in vivo testing.
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Citations
32 Claims
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1. A method of determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal using an optical sensor implanted in the living animal and a sensor reader external to the living animal, the method comprising:
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emitting, using a light source of the optical sensor, excitation light to indicator molecules of the optical sensor, the indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to the concentration of glucose; generating, using a photodetector of the optical sensor, a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by the photodetector, wherein the light received by the photodetector includes glucose-modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules and at least one of excitation light emitted by the light source and non-glucose modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules; conveying, using an inductive element of the optical sensor, the raw signal; receiving, using an inductive element of the sensor reader, the conveyed raw signal; tracking, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light; tracking, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted in the living animal; adjusting, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the received raw signal to compensate for offset and distortion based on the tracked cumulative emission time and the tracked implant time; and converting, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the adjusted signal into a measurement of glucose concentration in the medium of the living animal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17)
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14. A system for determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal, the system comprising:
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(1) an optical sensor implanted in the living animal, wherein the optical sensor includes; (a) indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to the concentration of glucose; (b) a light source configured to emit excitation light to the indicator molecules; (c) a photodetector configured to generate a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by the photodetector, wherein the light received by the photodetector includes glucose-modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules and at least one of excitation light emitted by the light source and non-glucose modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules; and (d) an inductive element configured to convey the raw signal; and (2) a sensor reader external to the living animal, the sensor reader including; (a) an inductive element configured to receive the conveyed raw signal; and (b) circuitry configured to; (i) track the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light; (ii) track the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted in the living animal; (iii) adjust the received raw signal to compensate for offset and distortion based on the tracked cumulative emission time and the tracked implant time; and (iv) convert the adjusted signal into a measurement of glucose concentration in the medium of the living animal. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16)
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18. A method of determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal using an optical sensor implanted in the living animal and a sensor reader external to the living animal, the method comprising:
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emitting, using a light source of the optical sensor, excitation light to indicator molecules of the optical sensor, the indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to the concentration of glucose; generating, using a photodetector of the optical sensor, a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by the photodetector, wherein the light received by the photodetector includes glucose-modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules and at least one of excitation light emitted by the light source and non-glucose modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules; measuring, using a temperature sensor of the optical sensor, a temperature of the optical sensor; conveying, using an inductive element of the optical sensor, the raw signal and the measured temperature; receiving, using an inductive element of the sensor reader, the conveyed raw signal and the conveyed temperature; tracking the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light; tracking the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted in the living animal; temperature correcting, using circuitry of the sensor reader, the received raw signal to compensate for temperature sensitivity of the light source based on the received temperature; offset adjusting, using the circuitry of the sensor reader, the temperature corrected raw signal to compensate for offset based on the tracked cumulative emission time; distortion adjusting, using the circuitry of the sensor reader, the offset adjusted raw signal to compensate for distortion based on the tracked cumulative emission time and the tracked implant time; normalizing, using the circuitry of the sensor reader, the distortion adjusted raw signal to a normalized raw signal that would be equal to one at zero glucose concentration based on the measured temperature, the tracked cumulative emission time, and the tracked implant time; and converting, using the circuitry of the sensor reader, the normalized raw signal into a measurement of glucose concentration in the medium of the living animal.
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19. A method of determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal using an optical sensor implanted in the living animal and a sensor reader external to the living animal, the method comprising:
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emitting, using a light source of the optical sensor, excitation light to indicator molecules of the optical sensor, the indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to the concentration of glucose; generating, using a photodetector of the optical sensor, a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by the photodetector, wherein the light received by the photodetector includes glucose-modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules and at least one of excitation light emitted by the light source and non-glucose modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules; tracking the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light; tracking the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted in the living animal; adjusting the raw signal to compensate for offset and distortion based on the tracked cumulative emission time and the tracked implant time; and converting the adjusted signal into a measurement of glucose concentration in the medium of the living animal. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A method of determining a concentration of glucose in a medium of a living animal using an optical sensor implanted in the living animal and a sensor reader external to the living animal, the method comprising:
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emitting, using a light source of the optical sensor, excitation light to indicator molecules of the optical sensor, the indicator molecules having an optical characteristic responsive to the concentration of glucose; generating, using a photodetector of the optical sensor, a raw signal indicative of the amount of light received by the photodetector, wherein the light received by the photodetector includes glucose-modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules and at least one of excitation light emitted by the light source and non-glucose modulated light emitted by the indicator molecules; measuring, using a temperature sensor of the optical sensor, a temperature of the optical sensor; tracking the cumulative emission time that the light source has emitted the excitation light; tracking the implant time that has elapsed since the optical sensor was implanted in the living animal; temperature correcting the raw signal to compensate for temperature sensitivity of the light source based on the measured temperature; offset adjusting the temperature corrected raw signal to compensate for offset based on the tracked cumulative emission time; distortion adjusting the offset adjusted raw signal to compensate for distortion based on the tracked cumulative emission time and the tracked implant time; normalizing the distortion adjusted raw signal to a normalized raw signal that would be equal to one at zero glucose concentration based on the measured temperature, the tracked cumulative emission time, and the tracked implant time; and converting the normalized raw signal into a measurement of glucose concentration in the medium of the living animal.
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Specification