MRI-GUIDED MEDICAL INTERVENTIONAL SYSTEMS AND METHODS

• US 20140024927A1
• Filed: 02/28/2013
• Published: 01/23/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/19/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Clearpoint Neuro, Inc.
• Original Assignee: MRI Interventions, Inc. (Clearpoint Neuro, Inc.)
• Inventors: Piferi, Peter
• Granted Patent: US 10,206,693 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/417
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1703 using imaging means, e.g. by X-rays
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1739 specially adapted for particular parts of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/11 with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints

Abstract

A trajectory frame for use with an MRI-guided interventional system includes a base having a patient access aperture formed therein. The base is configured to be secured to the body of a patient. A yoke is mounted to the base and is rotatable about a roll axis. A platform is mounted to the yoke and is rotatable about a pitch axis. An elongated guide is secured to the platform and includes opposite proximal and distal end portions and a bore that extends from the proximal end portion to the distal end portion. The guide distal end portion is positioned proximate the patient access aperture. The guide is configured to removably receive various devices therein for quick release therefrom, including a targeting cannula, drill guide and drill bit, skull fixation device and driver, and catheter guide.

Claims

1. A trajectory frame for use with an MRI-guided interventional system, comprising:

a base having a patient access aperture formed therein, wherein the base is configured to be secured to the body of a patient;

a yoke movably mounted to the base and rotatable about a roll axis; and

a platform movably mounted to the yoke and rotatable about a pitch axis; and

an elongated guide secured to the platform, wherein the guide comprises opposite proximal and distal end portions, wherein the guide distal end portion is positioned proximate the patient access aperture, wherein the guide comprises a bore therethrough that extends from the proximal end portion to the distal end portion, wherein the guide is configured to receive a device within the bore, and wherein the device is removably secured to the guide proximal end portion via a quick release shape and/or component.

2. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the device comprises at least one of a targeting cannula, a drill guide and drill bit, a skull fixation device and driver, and a catheter guide.

3. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the guide is removably secured to the platform.

4. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the guide proximal end portion comprises threads formed therein, and wherein the device comprises a portion configured to threadingly engage the guide proximal end portion.

5. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the device comprises a portion configured to be removably secured to the guide proximal end portion via a snap fit.

6. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the guide proximal end portion comprises at least one longitudinally extending slot that merges into transversely extending spaced-apart slots, and wherein the device is removably secured within the guide bore via at least one member extending outwardly from the device that cooperates with the at least one slot.

7. The trajectory frame of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of user-activatable actuators operably connected to the frame that are configured to translate and rotate the frame relative to the body of the patient.

8. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a plurality of locations for attaching the base to a body of a patient via fasteners.

9. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the base is configured to be secured to the skull of a patient about a burr hole formed therein, and wherein the guide bore is configured to guide intra-brain placement of a device in vivo.

10. The trajectory frame of claim 8, wherein the yoke comprises a first pair of spaced apart arcuate arms, wherein the platform engages and moves along the first pair of arcuate arms when rotated about the pitch axis, wherein the base comprises a second pair of spaced apart arcuate arms, and wherein the yoke engages and moves along the second pair of arcuate arms when rotated about the roll axis.

11. The trajectory frame of claim 1, wherein the platform comprises an X-Y support table movably mounted to the platform that is configured to move in an X-direction and Y-direction relative to the platform, and wherein the guide is secured to the X-Y support table.

12. An MRI-guided medical assembly, comprising:

a trajectory frame, comprising;

a base having a patient access aperture formed therein, wherein the base is configured to be secured to the body of a patient;

a yoke movably mounted to the base and rotatable about a roll axis; and

a platform movably mounted to the yoke and rotatable about a pitch axis; and

an elongated guide secured to the platform, wherein the guide comprises opposite proximal and distal end portions, wherein the guide distal end portion is positioned proximate the patient access aperture, wherein the guide comprises a bore therethrough that extends from the proximal end portion to the distal end portion; and

a plurality of devices releasably and serially inserted within the bore, the devices comprising one or more of the following;

a targeting cannula, a drill guide and drill bit, a skull fixation device and driver, and a catheter guide;

wherein each device comprises opposite proximal and distal end portions, wherein each device distal end portion is positioned proximate the patient access aperture, and wherein each device proximal end portion is removably secured to the guide proximal end portion for quick release therefrom.

13. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the guide is removably secured to the platform.

14. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the guide proximal end portion comprises threads formed therein, and wherein the device comprises a portion configured to threadingly engage the guide proximal end portion.

15. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the device comprises a portion configured to be removably secured to the guide proximal end portion via a snap fit.

16. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the guide proximal end portion comprises at least one slot and wherein the device is removably secured within the guide bore via at least one member extending outwardly from the device that cooperates with the at least one slot.

17. The assembly of claim 12, further comprising a plurality of user-activatable actuators operably connected to the frame that are configured to translate and rotate the frame relative to the body of the patient.

18. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the platform comprises an X-Y support table movably mounted to the platform that is configured to move in an X-direction and Y-direction relative to the platform, and wherein the guide is secured to the X-Y support table.

19. A method, comprising:

affixing a frame with a cooperating guide to the skull of a patient, wherein the frame is configured to translate and rotate such that a targeting cannula secured within the guide can be positioned to a desired intrabody access path trajectory;

removably securing a targeting cannula within the guide, wherein the targeting cannula comprises a lumen;

inserting a punch into the targeting cannula;

creating an incision in the skull of the patient via the punch; and

removing the punch and targeting cannula from the guide.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising after removing the punch and targeting cannula:

removably securing a drill guide within the guide, wherein the drill guide comprises a lumen;

inserting a drill bit within the drill guide lumen; and

drilling a hole within the skull of the patient at the incision via the drill bit.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising after drilling the hole within the skull of the patient:

removing the drill guide and drill bit from the targeting cannula;

removably securing a skull fixation device to a distal end of the targeting cannula guide;

removably inserting a skull fixation device driver within the guide, wherein the skull fixation device driver is configured to cooperate with the skull fixation device; and

rotating the skull fixation device driver to cause the skull fixation device to be inserted within the hole in the skull of the patient.

22. The method of claim 26, further comprising after rotating the skull fixation device driver to cause the skull fixation device to be inserted within the hole in the skull of the patient:

removing the skull fixation device driver from the guide;

removably securing a catheter guide within the guide; and

advancing a catheter through the catheter guide.