AQUEOUS REDOX FLOW BATTERIES COMPRISING METAL LIGAND COORDINATION COMPOUNDS
First Claim
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1. A flow battery comprising:
- a first aqueous electrolyte comprising a first metal ligand coordination compound;
a second aqueous electrolyte comprising a second metal ligand coordination compound;
a first electrode in contact with said first aqueous electrolyte;
a second electrode in contact with said second aqueous electrolyte and a separator disposed between said first aqueous electrolyte and said second aqueous electrolyte;
wherein at least one of the first or second metal ligand coordination compound is of the formula M(L1)3-x-y(L2)x(L3)ym,x and y are independently 0, 1, 2, or 3, such that 3−
x−
y is not less than zero;
m is −
5, −
4, −
3, −
2, −
1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, or +5; and
M is Al, Cr, Fe, or Ti;
L1, L2, and L3 are each independently ascorbate, a catecholate, a pyrogallate, lactate, gluconate, and citrate.
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Abstract
This invention is directed to aqueous redox flow batteries comprising redox-active metal ligand coordination compounds. The compounds and configurations described herein enable flow batteries with performance and cost parameters that represent a significant improvement over that previous known in the art.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. A flow battery comprising:
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a first aqueous electrolyte comprising a first metal ligand coordination compound; a second aqueous electrolyte comprising a second metal ligand coordination compound; a first electrode in contact with said first aqueous electrolyte; a second electrode in contact with said second aqueous electrolyte and a separator disposed between said first aqueous electrolyte and said second aqueous electrolyte; wherein at least one of the first or second metal ligand coordination compound is of the formula M(L1)3-x-y(L2)x(L3)ym, x and y are independently 0, 1, 2, or 3, such that 3−
x−
y is not less than zero;m is −
5, −
4, −
3, −
2, −
1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, or +5; andM is Al, Cr, Fe, or Ti; L1, L2, and L3 are each independently ascorbate, a catecholate, a pyrogallate, lactate, gluconate, and citrate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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Specification