ELECTRIC AUTOMOBILE PWM RECTIFICATION AND CONVERTING VOLTAGE/CURRENT PULSE CHARGING SYSTEM

• US 20140035530A1
• Filed: 04/13/2012
• Published: 02/06/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Meishan Qinchuan Smart Sensor Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Zehua Shao
• Inventors: Shao, Zehua
• Granted Patent: US 9,409,487 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/00 Converter types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/12 by confirmation, e.g. of the input
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00304 Overcurrent protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00308 Overvoltage protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00711 with introduction of pulses during the charging process
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 : for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system which is the charging system for large storage battery. The system includes rectifier module and charging module. The former links with AC network and charge module respectively. The said charging system also includes DC charging management module and the charging module is composed of DC input module and DC output module. The said rectifier module, DC input module and DC output module, DC charging management module are independent and connected together by CAN bus. The electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system of this invention is simply structured with a small size and features wide range of application e.g. charging for all lead and zinc storage batteries. It greatly reduces the duration for charging storage batteries and is worthy of scale popularizing.

Claims

1. A kind of electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system, which comprises rectifier module and charging module, the former linking with AC network and charge module respectively, wherein the said charging system also includes DC charging management module and the charging module is composed of DC input module and DC output module;

the said rectifier module, DC input module and DC output module, DC charging management module are independent and connected together by CAN bus;

Rectifier module rectifies the alternating current of power input and forms the steady DC output voltage after smoothing which is provided to the DC converter module in the subsequent DC output module. In the described DC converter module, bi-directional DC-DC converter is employed to realize the multiple modes of charging for the storage battery of the electric automobile. The charging modes include constant voltage limited current charging, constant current limited voltage charging, three-stage charging, intermittent pulse charging and positive and negative pulse charging;

The described rectifier module includes air switch, pre-charge resistor, AC contactor, input-side inductor, three-phase full-controlled bridge converter, PWM rectifier, DC bus capacitor, dummy load, power tube drive and digital logic protection circuit, and control unit;

the described power tube drive chip and drive module and isolated power supply convert PWM pulse signal sent out by the chip in the control unit into the driving IGBT or IPM pulse, and feed back trouble signal to the digital logic protection circuit when the overcurrent occurs on the power devices;

the AC-side of the described PWM rectifier adopts the filter inductance which realizes the control of AC-Side unity power factor and four-quadrant operation of the PWM rectifier and filters the AC-side harmonic current of the PWM rectifier;

the DC input module is managed to meter the DC current, control the DC power supply and secure the DC input and output;

The DC output can communicate with the on-board energy management system, convert the output power, and match up with the voltage and current required by the output battery charging;

The DC charging module realizes human-computer interaction for interface display, identification, fees charging, receipt printing, data management, current make-and-break current control, and remote monitoring;

The described control unit is composed of the controller and PWM rectifier control panel. The latter is a double closed loop control system formed by inner current loop and outer voltage loop. The described double closed loop control system is realized by using the digital regulator, adopts the direct current control for the closed loop control of the rectifier input current and realizes the high precision control of instantaneous current waveform through the current.

2. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described transformer is the epoxy resin casting dry type transformer with the star connection for primary and secondary coils to the AC network and to the input end of the rectifier respectively;

the described rectifier is PWM rectifier which realizes the sinusoidal current at AC network side of the transformer, controllable power factor and bidirectional power transmission.

3. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein Further technical solutions are:

the described double closed loop control system has DSP as the master control chip and employs the voltage space vector method to control the input current and output voltage, realizing the sinusoidal current at the AC network side of the transformer and the stabilized unity power factor and DC output voltage;

the controller is used to realize the human-computer interaction interface where the master-slave RS485 bus is used to communicate with and send the running command to the PWM rectifier control panel, control the PWM rectifier and obtain running status and parameters of the PWM rectifier.

4. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described dc input module comprises power control unit, charging electric energy metering module, control panel and power control panel.

5. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described power control unit is realized with the contactor and protective device making the rectified circuit and the post-level circuit securely isolated and controllable, the control signal coming from DC charging management module;

the charging electric energy metering module employs the high precision sensor to sample the voltage and current and to meter the charging electric energy, and uploads the electric energy data to the DC charging management module through RS485 communication interface;

the control panel is equipped with 16-digit one-chip computer with DSP as the master control chip for communication and driving functions;

the power control panel has multiple integrated power modules which can convert 220V AC supply voltage into different classes of DC supply voltage providing the steady working voltage for the control panel and sensor.

6. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described DC output module is composed of DC converting module, control panel and power control panel.

7. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described control panel adopts equipped with 16-digit one-chip computer as the master control chip for communication and driving functions;

the power control panel has multiple integrated power modules which can convert 220V AC supply voltage into different classes of DC supply voltage providing the steady working voltage for the control panel and sensor.

8. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described DC charging management module comprises embedded controller, display screen, RF card reader, CAN communication card, remote monitoring communication expansion card and miniprinter;

the DC charging management module as the control center of the charging system links with each module with CAN or RS485 bus, sends various work command to the modules, and receives feedback information from modules, coordinate working sequence and logic between modules.

9. An electric automobile PWM rectification and converting voltage/current pulse charging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described DC charging management module reads the user'"'"'s information with RF card reader, displays IC card information, instructs the user to connect charging plug correctly, select the charging duration and mode, and conforms the charging activated;

during the charging, the embedded controller obtains electricity quantity data regularly (when the charging duration or quantity of electricity reaches to the value set by the user, the command of stop charging will be sent to the DC input module), controls the contactor'"'"'s execution in the DC input module, cuts off the power, gives prompt of charging completed on the screen and allows the user to make payment, view consumption information and print receipt after unplugging.