H2O-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL HYDROGEN-CATALYST POWER SYSTEM
First Claim
1. An electrochemical power system that generates at least one of electricity and thermal energy comprising a vessel closed to atmosphere, the vessel comprisingat least one cathode;
- at least one anode,at least one bipolar plate, andreactants that constitute hydrino reactants during cell operation with separate electron flow and ion mass transport, the reactants comprising at least two components chosen from;
a) at least one source of H2O;
b) at least one source of catalyst or a catalyst comprising at least one of the group chosen from nH, OH, OH−
, nascent H2O, H2S, or MNH2, wherein n is an integer and M is alkali metal; and
c) at least one source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen,one or more reactants to form at least one of the source of catalyst, the catalyst, the source of atomic hydrogen, and the atomic hydrogen;
one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen; and
a support,wherein the combination of the cathode, anode, reactants, and bipolar plate maintains a chemical potential between each cathode and corresponding anode to permit the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to propagate, andthe system further comprising an electrolysis system.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrochemical power system is provided that generates an electromotive force (EMF) from the catalytic reaction of hydrogen to lower energy (hydrino) states providing direct conversion of the energy released from the hydrino reaction into electricity, the system comprising at least two components chosen from: H2O catalyst or a source of H2O catalyst; atomic hydrogen or a source of atomic hydrogen; reactants to form the H2O catalyst or source of H2O catalyst and atomic hydrogen or source of atomic hydrogen; and one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen. The electrochemical power system for forming hydrinos and electricity can further comprise a cathode compartment comprising a cathode, an anode compartment comprising an anode, optionally a salt bridge, reactants that constitute hydrino reactants during cell operation with separate electron flow and ion mass transport, and a source of hydrogen. Due to oxidation-reduction cell half reactions, the hydrino-producing reaction mixture is constituted with the migration of electrons through an external circuit and ion mass transport through a separate path such as the electrolyte to complete an electrical circuit. A power source and hydride reactor is further provided that powers a power system comprising (i) a reaction cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form hydrinos, (ii) a chemical fuel mixture comprising at least two components chosen from: a source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst; a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; reactants to form the source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst and a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen; and a support to enable the catalysis, (iii) thermal systems for reversing an exchange reaction to thermally regenerate the fuel from the reaction products, (iv) a heat sink that accepts the heat from the power-producing reactions, and (v) a power conversion system.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. An electrochemical power system that generates at least one of electricity and thermal energy comprising a vessel closed to atmosphere, the vessel comprising
at least one cathode; -
at least one anode, at least one bipolar plate, and reactants that constitute hydrino reactants during cell operation with separate electron flow and ion mass transport, the reactants comprising at least two components chosen from; a) at least one source of H2O; b) at least one source of catalyst or a catalyst comprising at least one of the group chosen from nH, OH, OH−
, nascent H2O, H2S, or MNH2, wherein n is an integer and M is alkali metal; andc) at least one source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen, one or more reactants to form at least one of the source of catalyst, the catalyst, the source of atomic hydrogen, and the atomic hydrogen; one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen; and a support, wherein the combination of the cathode, anode, reactants, and bipolar plate maintains a chemical potential between each cathode and corresponding anode to permit the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to propagate, and the system further comprising an electrolysis system. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A power system that generates thermal energy comprising:
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at least one vessel capable of a pressure of at least one of atmospheric, above atmospheric, and below atmospheric; at least one heater, reactants that constitute hydrino reactants comprising; a) a source of catalyst or a catalyst comprising nascent H2O; b) a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; c) reactants to form at least one of the source of catalyst, the catalyst, the source of atomic hydrogen, and the atomic hydrogen; and one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen wherein the reaction occurs upon at least one of mixing and heating the reactants. - View Dependent Claims (25)
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Specification