APPARATUS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

• US 20140074060A1
• Filed: 11/21/2012
• Published: 03/13/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: InCube Labs LLC. (In-Cube, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: InCube Labs LLC. (In-Cube, Inc.)
• Inventors: IMRAN, Mir A.
• Granted Patent: US 10,220,144 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/503
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/24 Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1726 the body parameters being measured at, or proximate to, the infusion site
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/0693 Brain, cerebrum
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1723 using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure measurement of body parameters A61B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36064 Epilepsy

Abstract

Various embodiments described herein provide an apparatus system, and method for detecting and treating various neurological events or conditions such as epilepsy and migraine headaches which are associated with cortical spreading depression (CSD). Also, many embodiments provide an apparatus, system and method for delivery of a drug such as a loop diuretic to prevent or reduce the duration of a seizure or other event associated with CSD. The drug may delivered intra-cranially in a dose selected to produce a localized effect in the brain to prevent or reduce the duration of the seizure or other event while minimizing adverse peripheral effects such as diuresis or electrolyte loss.

Claims

1. A method for preventing or treating an epileptic seizure in a patient, the method comprising:

detecting an epileptic pre-seizure event or seizure event in the patient'"'"'s brain; and

delivering intra-cranially to the patient'"'"'s brain, a dose of loop diuretic compound to prevent or reduce a duration of the epileptic seizure, wherein the delivered dose of the loop diuretic compound is below a threshold to cause a significant increase in diuresis.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the delivered dose of loop diuretic causes no more than about a 10% increase in a rate of the patient'"'"'s urine production.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the delivered dose of the loop diuretic compound is below a threshold to cause a significant decrease in an electrolyte level of the patient.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the delivered dose of loop diuretic causes no more than about a 5% decrease in a plasma concentration of the patient'"'"'s potassium or sodium levels.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the loop diuretic compound comprises furosemide.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the dose of furosemide is about ten times less than that which causes the significant increase in diuresis.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the dose of furosemide is in a range of about 1 to 2000 μ

g.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the dose of furosemide is in a range of about 1 to 1000 μ

g.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the dose of furosemide is in a range of about 5 to 500 μ

g.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the dose of furosemide is in a range of about 10 to 250 μ

g.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the dose of furosemide is in a range of about 10 to 100 μ

g.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the delivered dose of loop diuretic compound prevents or slows cortical spreading depression within the patient'"'"'s brain.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the delivered dose of loop diuretic blocks or slows ion flux within the patient'"'"'s brain.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the delivered dose of loop diuretic blocks or slows an ion pump co-transporter within glial cells of the patient'"'"'s brain.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the dose of loop diuretic compound is delivered into a ventricle in the patient'"'"'s brain.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the dose of loop diuretic compound is delivered in a solid form which dissolves in the patient'"'"'s brain.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the dose of loop diuretic compound is delivered through an opening in the patient'"'"'s skull.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the dose of loop diuretic compound is delivered through a burr hole opening in the patient'"'"'s skull.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the dose of loop diuretic compound is delivered from a drug reservoir positioned substantially outside of the patient'"'"'s skull.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein the dose of loop diuretic compound is titrated based on at least one of a patient'"'"'s weight, age, type of epilepsy or frequency of epileptic seizures.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting is performed using at least one electrode implanted in the patient'"'"'s brain.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one electrode comprises three electrodes.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the three electrodes have an orthogonal orientation with respect to each other.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein delivering the dose of loop diuretic comprises delivering a first dose and a second dose of loop diuretic.

25. The method of claim 24, the second dose corresponds to a maintenance dose selected to prevent the re-occurrence of the pre-seizure or seizure event.

26. A method for preventing or treating an epileptic seizure in a patient, the method comprising:

detecting an epileptic pre-seizure event or seizure event in the patient'"'"'s brain; and

delivering intra-cranially to the patient'"'"'s brain, a dose of loop diuretic compound to prevent or reduce a duration of the epileptic seizure, wherein the delivered dose of the loop diuretic compound is below a threshold to cause a significant decrease in an electrolyte level of the patient.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the delivered dose of loop diuretic compound causes no more than about a 5% decrease in a plasma concentration of the patient'"'"'s potassium or sodium levels.

28. The method of claim 26, wherein the loop diuretic compound comprises furosemide.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the dose of furosemide is about ten times less than that which causes the significant decrease in the patient'"'"'s electrolyte level.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the dose of furosemide is in a range of about 1 to 2000 μ

g.

31. A method for preventing or treating in a patient a neural condition associated with cortical spreading depression, the method comprising:

detecting cortical spreading depression in the patient'"'"'s brain; and

delivering intra-cranially to the patient'"'"'s brain, a dose of loop diuretic compound to prevent, slow or reduce a duration of cortical spreading depression, wherein the delivered dose of the loop diuretic compound is below a threshold to cause significant amounts of diuresis.

32. A method for preventing or treating an epileptic seizure in a patient, the method comprising:

detecting an epileptic pre-seizure event or seizure event in the patient'"'"'s brain; and

delivering intra-cranially to the patient'"'"'s brain, a dose of loop diuretic compound to prevent or reduce a duration of the epileptic seizure, wherein the delivered dose of the loop diuretic compound does not cause a significant physiological peripheral effect.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the significant physiologic peripheral effect is an increase of more than about 5% in a rate of the patient'"'"'s urine production.

34. The method of claim 32, wherein the significant physiologic effect is a decrease of more than about 5% in a plasma concentration of the patient'"'"'s potassium or sodium levels.