Charging System

• US 20140084862A1
• Filed: 05/25/2011
• Published: 03/27/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Kawaguchi, Yuki, Shimada, Takae, Kanouda, Akihiko, Asano, Satoshi
• Granted Patent: US 9,231,424 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/40 adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Disclosed is a charging system for both plug-in charging systems and contactless charging systems, having a simple electrical configuration, and capable of achieving miniaturization and weight saving. The charging system includes a secondary cell charged via first/second coils of a transformer to which electrical power is supplied from a first power supply via a plug-in connector, and a third coil supplied with electrical power from a second power supply, a relative position of which to the second coil of the transformer is variable, and which can be magnetically coupled to the second coil when the second coil approaches the third coil, wherein the secondary cell is charged via magnetic coupling between first/second coils when charging the secondary cell by the first power supply, and the secondary cell is charged via magnetic coupling between the third coil and second coils when charging the secondary cell by the second power supply.

Claims

1. A charging system comprising:

a first coil of a transformer supplied with electrical power from a first power supply via a wired connector;

a second coil of the transformer magnetically coupled to the first coil;

one of a secondary cell and a capacitor to be charged by electrical power supplied to the second coil; and

a third coil, which is supplied with electrical power from a second power supply, a relative position of which to the second coil is variable, and which can be magnetically coupled to the second coil when the second coil approaches to the third coil,

wherein in a case of charging one of the secondary cell and the capacitor by the first power supply, the charging power is supplied to one of the secondary cell and the capacitor via the magnetic coupling between the first coil and the second coil, and

in a case of charging one of the secondary cell and the capacitor by the second power supply, the charging power is supplied to one of the secondary cell and the capacitor via the magnetic coupling between the third coil and the second coil.

2. The charging system according to claim 1 further comprising:

an AC-AC converter connected between the first power supply and the first coil of the transformer,

wherein the wired connector is disposed so as to one of establish and block connection between the first power supply and the AC-AC converter.

3. The charging system according to claim 1 further comprising:

an AC-AC converter connected between the first power supply and the first coil of the transformer,

wherein the wired connector is disposed so as to establish and block connection between the AC-AC converter and the first coil.

4. The charging system according to claim 1 wherein

an AC-AC converter is connected between the second power supply and the third coil.

5. The charging system according to claim 2 wherein

the AC-AC converter is provided with a rectifier circuit, a chopper circuit, and an inverter circuit.

6. The charging system according to claim 1 wherein

the transformer including the first and second coils, and one of the secondary cell and the capacitor are mounted on a vehicle,

the first power supply adapted to supply the first coil with the electrical power is disposed in a first charging site on a ground,

the second power supply and the third coil are disposed in a second charging site on the ground, and

the charging system is configured so that the connection between the first power supply and the first coil can be established using the wired connector in a case in which the vehicle stops at a predetermined position in the first charging site, and the third coil and the second coil can be magnetically coupled to each other in a case in which the vehicle stops at a predetermined position in the second charging site.

15. The charging system according to claim 1 wherein

the transformer is provided with a first magnetic core, which has a columnar leg disposed in a central portion and a leg disposed in a peripheral portion, around which the first and second coils are wound, and which has a shape having a recess shaped like a doughnut inside viewed from an opening section, and a second magnetic core, around which the third coil is wound, and which has a leg disposed in a peripheral portion.

16. The charging system according to claim 1 wherein

the transformer is provided with a first magnetic core, which has a columnar leg having a recess at a center, disposed in a central portion and a leg disposed in a peripheral portion, around which the first and second coils are wound, and which has a shape having a recess shaped like a doughnut inside viewed from an opening section, and a second magnetic core, which has a flat shape, around which the third coil is wound.

17. The charging system according to claim 1 wherein

the transformer is provided with a first magnetic core, which has a flat shape, and around which the first and second coils are wound, and a second magnetic core, which has a flat shape, and around which the third coil is wound.

18. The charging system according to claim 15 further comprising:

a first transceiver disposed to the first magnetic core; and

a second transceiver disposed to the second magnetic core,

wherein the first transceiver transmits a control command adapted to control the third circuit based on the charging state of the secondary cell to the second transceiver.

19. The charging system according to claim 15 wherein

a thickness of an insulating member covering the first and second coils is different between the first and second coils.

7. A charging system comprising:

a first circuit connected to a first power supply;

a first coil of a transformer connected to the first circuit;

a second coil of the transformer to be magnetically coupled to the first coil;

a second circuit adapted to supply electrical power, which is supplied to the second coil, in order to charge one of a secondary cell and a capacitor;

a third circuit connected to a second power supply; and

a third coil, which is supplied with electrical power from the second power supply via the third circuit, a relative position of which to the second coil is variable, and which can be magnetically coupled to the second coil when the second coil approaches to the third coil,

wherein in a case of charging one of the secondary cell and the capacitor by the first power supply, the charging power is supplied from the first circuit to one of the secondary cell and the capacitor via the first and second coils and the second circuit, and in a case of charging one of the secondary cell and the capacitor by the second power supply, the charging power is supplied from the third circuit to one of the secondary cell and the capacitor via the third and second coils and the second circuit.

8. The charging system according to claim 7 further comprising:

a switch disposed between the first circuit and the first coil, and adapted to separate the first coil from the first circuit and connect the first coil in parallel to the second coil,

wherein in a case of charging the secondary cell by the second power supply, the first coil and the second coil are connected in parallel to each other using the switch.

9. The charging system according to claim 7 further comprising:

a switch disposed between the first circuit and the first coil, and adapted to separate the first coil from the first circuit; and

a switch disposed between the second coil and the second circuit, and adapted to connect the first coil and the second coil in series to each other,

wherein in a case of supplying electrical power from the second power supply to a load, the first coil and the second coil are connected in series to each other.

10. The secondary cell charging system according to claim 7 wherein

at least one of the first circuit and the third circuit is an AC-AC converter including a rectifier circuit, a chopper circuit, and an inverter circuit.

11. The charging system according to claim 10 wherein

the chopper circuit includes a series circuit of a step-up inductor and a step-up switching element connected between direct-current terminals, and a series circuit of a step-up diode and an output capacitor connected between both terminals of the step-up switching element.

12. The charging system according to claim 7 wherein

one of the first and third circuits includes a step-up inductor connected to one of the first and second power supply, a PWM converter circuit having switching elements, to which diodes are respectively connected in parallel, and which are bridge-connected to each other, and a capacitor adapted to smooth an output of the PWM converter.

13. The charging system according to claim 7 wherein

a full-bridge inverter circuit having switching elements, to which diodes are respectively connected in parallel, and which are bridge-connected to each other, is used as the inverter circuit, and

a bridge rectifier circuit having diodes bridge-connected to each other is used as the second circuit.

14. The charging system according to claim 7 wherein

the second circuit includes a first transceiver,

the third circuit includes a second transceiver communicating with the first transceiver, and

the first transceiver transmits a control command adapted to control the third circuit based on the charging state of the secondary cell to the second transceiver.

20. A vehicle including by mounting

the first coil and the second coil of the transformer, the second circuit, and one of the secondary cell and the capacitor according to claim 7.

21. A ground contactless charging site including by installing:

the second power supply, the third circuit, and the third coil according to claim 7.

22. An electric vacuum cleaner including:

the first circuit, the first coil and the second coil of the transformer, the second circuit, and at least one of the secondary cell and the capacitor according to claim 7.