DISTRIBUTED COORDINATED WIDE-AREA CONTROL FOR ELECTRIC POWER DELIVERY SYSTEMS

• US 20140100702A1
• Filed: 03/14/2013
• Published: 04/10/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/04/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Incorporated
• Inventors: Schweitzer, Edmund O. III, Whitehead, David E., Zweigle, Gregary C.
• Granted Patent: US 9,383,735 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 700/286
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/261 involving signal transmission between at least two stations transmission of signals in general H02H1/0061
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00028 involving the use of Internet protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/0004 involved in a protection system
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/18 using switches, relays or circuit breakers, e.g. intelligent electronic devices [IED]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/20 using protection elements, arrangements or systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/00 Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof

Abstract

Distributed controllers in an electric power delivery system obtain measurements and equipment status, calculate derived values, and determine IED state, and share such with other distributed controllers and coordination controllers. Distributed controllers and coordination controllers further refine measurements, equipment status, derived values, and IED state. Control of the electric power delivery system is coordinated among the distributed controllers and the coordination controllers.

Claims

1. A controller configured to implement coordinated control actions in an electrical power delivery system, the controller comprising:

a communications interface;

a processor communicatively coupled to the communications interface; and

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the controller to;

derive a first state of at least one portion of the electric power delivery system based upon an indication received via the communications interface;

calculate a first controller condition;

determine a control action based upon the first state and the first controller condition; and

communicate the first state, the first controller condition, and the control action to a subscribing controller via the network; and

2. The controller of claim 1, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to:

generate a component model based on the first state; and

model a response of a component of the electrical power delivery system based on the component model; and

wherein the control action is based at least in part on the modeled response of the component.

3. The controller of claim 2, wherein the component modeled by the component model comprises one of the controller, a subscribing controller, an intelligent electronic device, and a load.

4. The controller of claim 2, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to compare the first state to a stability condition of the component model, and wherein the control action is configured to cause a transition from the first state to a second state that maintains the stability condition.

5. The controller of claim 2, wherein the component model is configured to model a response of one an instantaneous overcurrent element;

an inverse-time overcurrent element;

a thermal element;

a reactive power control element;

a distance element;

a current differential element;

a load encroachment element;

an impedance characteristic control element;

an undervoltage element;

a directional element;

a negative sequence current element;

a loss of excitation element;

a negative sequence voltage element;

an overvoltage element;

a ground fault element;

a high-impedance fault element;

an underfrequency element; and

an overfrequency element.

6. The controller of claim 2, wherein the component model is configured to model a response of one a reactive power controller, a capacitor bank controller, a transformer tap changing controller, a generator over-excitation limit controller, a governor controller, a power system stabilizer controller, a shunt reactor controller, a DC line controller, and an inverter controller.

7. The controller of claim 2, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to transmit the component model to the subscribing controller via the network.

8. The controller of claim 1, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to establish a time at which the control action is to be taken.

9. The controller of claim 8, wherein the control action is configured to modify a topology of the at least one portion of the electric power delivery system.

10. The controller of claim 1, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to calculate a second state based on one of:

an input received via the communications interface, and a topology of the at least one portion of the electric power delivery system.

11. The controller of claim 9, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to communicate the second state to the subscribing controller.

12. The controller of claim 1, wherein the instructions further enable the controller to calculate a second controller condition based upon information received from the subscribing controller and to determine a second control action based upon the second controller condition.

13. The controller of claim 1, wherein the communications interface comprises one of a network communications interface and a monitored equipment interface.

14. The controller of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises one of a distributed controller and a coordination controller.

15. The controller of claim 1, wherein the subscribing controller comprises a coordination controller.

16. The controller of claim 1, wherein the control action is configured to temporarily modify an IED set point to accommodate a temporary increase in a flow of current.

17. A method for providing distributed coordinated control to an electrical power delivery system, comprising:

deriving a first state of at least one portion of the electric power delivery system based upon an indication received via a communications interface;

calculating a first controller condition;

determining a control action based upon the first state and the first controller condition;

communicating the first state, the first controller condition, and the control action to a subscribing controller; and

implementing the control action based upon the first state and the first controller condition.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

generating a component model based on the first state; and

modeling a response of a component of the electrical power delivery system based on the component model; and

wherein determining the control action is based at least in part on the modeled response of the component.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

determining a time delay associated with the control action; and

delaying implementation of the control action by the time delay.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the control action is configured to modify a topology of the at least one portion of the electric power delivery system.

21. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

calculating a second state based on one of;

an input received via the communications interface, and a topology of the at least one portion of the electric power delivery system.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:

communicating the second state to the subscribing controller.

23. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

calculating a second controller condition based upon information received from the subscribing controller; and

determining a second control action based upon the second controller condition.

24. A controller configured to implement coordinated control actions in an electrical power delivery system, comprising:

a communications interface configured to permit communications with a network;

a processor;

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising;

a state module configured to derive a first state of at least one portion of the electric power delivery system based upon an indication received via the communications interface;

a topology module configured to determine a topology of the at least one portion of the electric power delivery system based at least in part on the first state and the indication;

an assessment module configured to determine a stability assessment of the first state with respect to a stability condition;

a component model module configured to generate a component model of at least one component of the electric power delivery system based at least in part on the first state; and

a control module configured to determine a control action based at least in part based upon each of the first state, the topology of the at least one portion of the electric power delivery system, the stability assessment, and a response of the at least one component based on the component model.

25. The controller of claim 24, wherein the control action is configured to cause a transition from the first state to a second state that maintains the stability condition.

26. The controller of claim 24, wherein assessment module is configured to determine the stability assessment by comparing the first state to an expected range.

27. The controller of claim 24, wherein the assessment module is configured to determine the stability assessment by comparing the first state against a prior state.

28. The controller of claim 24, wherein the topology module is configured to determine the topology by comparing a prior state having a known topology to the first state.

29. The controller of claim 24, wherein the response of the at least one component based on the component model is determined using a possible control action, and the possible control action is selectively adopted based upon the response of the at least one component to the possible control action.