APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SURGICAL NAVIGATION

• US 20140221819A1
• Filed: 02/01/2013
• Published: 08/07/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/01/2013
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: David Sarment
• Original Assignee: David Sarment
• Inventors: SARMENT, David
• Application Number:
  US13/757,490
• Publication Number:
  US 20140221819A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/24 for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors tongue depressors per se A61B13/00; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth combined with saliva removers A61C17/00; mouth openers for animals A61D15/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2057 Details of tracking cameras
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2065 Tracking using image or pattern recognition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3966 Radiopaque markers visible in an X-ray image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/502 Headgear, e.g. helmet, spectacles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0077 Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/064 using markers A61B5/062 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/72 Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes character recognition, recognising digital ink, document-oriented image-based pattern recognition G06V30/00; recognition or understanding of postal images G06V30/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7445 Display arrangements, e.g. multiple display units
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 1/082 Positioning or guiding, e.g. of drills

Abstract

A surgical navigation system. The surgical navigation system can include a computing device having a non-transitory computer-readable medium for storing surgical navigation software, and a processor adapted to execute the software, a headgear unit communicatively coupled to the computing device, the headgear unit including at least one camera. The system can further include at least one fiducial marker, the fiducial marker having a complex configuration, wherein the configuration of the fiducial marker is adapted to present a unique view of the fiducial marker to the at least one camera based on the angle between the camera and the fiducial marker, and wherein the surgical navigation software is adapted to determine the position of the fiducial marker in three-dimensional space based on the unique view of the fiducial marker.

Claims

1. A surgical navigation system, comprising:

a computing device having a non-transitory computer-readable medium for storing surgical navigation software, and a processor adapted to execute the software;

a headgear unit communicatively coupled to the computing device, the headgear unit including at least one camera; and

at least one fiducial marker, the fiducial marker having a complex configuration;

wherein the configuration of the fiducial marker is adapted to present a unique view of the fiducial marker to the at least one camera based on the spatial relationship between the camera and the fiducial marker;

wherein the surgical navigation software is adapted to determine the position of the fiducial marker in three-dimensional space based on the unique view of the fiducial marker.

2. The surgical navigation system of claim 1, wherein headgear unit further comprises at least one display screen viewable by a wearer of the headgear unit.

3. The surgical navigation system of claim 1, wherein the complex configuration of the fiducial marker comprises a three-dimensional shape.

4. The surgical navigation system of claim 1, wherein the complex configuration of the fiducial marker comprises a complex radiopaque grid.

5. The surgical navigation system of claim 4, wherein the complex radiopaque grid comprises an arrangement of circles.

6. The surgical navigation system of claim 4, wherein the complex radiopaque grid comprises an arrangement of triangles.

7. The surgical navigation system of claim 1, wherein the fiducial marker is applied to a guide, the guide being configured so as to couple to a portion of a portion of the anatomy of a patient.

8. The surgical navigation system of claim 7, wherein the guide is adapted to conform to a portion of the patient anatomy.

9. The surgical navigation system of claim 1, wherein the fiducial marker is applied to a surgical instrument.

10. A surgical navigation system, comprising:

a headgear unit adapted to be worn by a user performing a surgical operation;

at least one camera coupled to the headgear unit;

at least one video display device coupled to the headgear unit and adapted to be viewable by the user;

wherein a field of view of the at least one camera substantially coincides with portion of a field of view of the user.

11. The surgical navigation system of claim 10, wherein the vantage point of the at least one camera is proximate the vantage point of the user.

12. The surgical navigation system of claim 10, further comprising:

at least one fiducial marker, wherein the configuration of the fiducial marker is adapted to present a unique view of the fiducial marker to the at least one camera based on the spatial relationship between the camera and the fiducial marker.

13. The surgical navigation system of claim 10, wherein the complex configuration of the fiducial marker comprises a complex radiopaque grid.

14. The surgical navigation system of claim 10, wherein the fiducial marker is applied to a guide, the guide being configured so as to couple to a portion of a portion of the anatomy of a patient.

15. The surgical navigation system of claim 10, wherein the fiducial marker is applied to a surgical instrument.

16. A method for surgical navigation, comprising:

providing a headgear device including at least one camera, the headgear device adapted to be worn by a user;

providing at least one fiducial marker having a complex configuration; and

determining the position and orientation of the at least one fiducial marker based on the spatial relationship between the at least one fiducial marker and the at least one camera;

wherein a field of view of the at least one camera substantially coincides with portion of a field of view of the user.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

providing at least one display device on the headgear device; and

displaying surgical navigation images to the user via the at least one display device.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the vantage point of the at least one camera is proximate the vantage point of the user.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the configuration of the fiducial marker is adapted to present a unique view of the fiducial marker to the at least one camera based on the spatial relationship between the camera and the fiducial marker.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the fiducial marker is applied to at least one of a guide and a surgical instrument.