METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING ANALYTES
First Claim
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3-1. The system of claim 1, further comprising a framing device that forms a frame from the estimated pixel values from at least a portion of the array of pixels a predetermined time period.
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Abstract
Methods and apparatus relating to FET arrays including large FET arrays for monitoring chemical and/or biological reactions such as nucleic acid sequencing-by-synthesis reactions. Some methods provided herein relate to improving signal (and also signal to noise ratio) from released hydrogen ions during nucleic acid sequencing reactions.
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Citations
20 Claims
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3-1. The system of claim 1, further comprising a framing device that forms a frame from the estimated pixel values from at least a portion of the array of pixels a predetermined time period.
- 5. The system of claim 4 further comprising a condensing device that takes the predetermined number of frames within the predetermined time period and reduces them to a reduced number of frames for the predetermined time period.
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10. A system having an array, comprising:
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a plurality of chemical sensors configured to detect a quantity of a substance; a selection circuit arranged to select a subset of the chemical sensors for a time period during which the subset of chemical sensors will provide an output signal, wherein the time period is shorter than an amount of time required for the output signal from the chemical sensors to settle and reach their final value from detecting the quantity of the substance; a plurality of output circuits configured to receive the output signals from the subsets of the chemical sensors during the time period; a sampling circuit configured to take a plurality of samples from each of the output signals during the time period; and an estimator that receives the plurality of samples and generates an estimated value for each of the sensors during the time period. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of determining pixel values comprising:
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providing an array of pixels arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns; Selecting at least one row pixels to be read out of the array; outputting pixel data for the selected rows onto buses for the columns at a first rate; and
converting pixel data from the column busses at a second rate that is multiple times the first rate such that an oversampled pixel data set is made for each pixel readout.- View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20)
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Specification