Fluid Balance Monitoring System with Fluid Infusion Pump for Medical Treatment

• US 20140243738A1
• Filed: 10/08/2013
• Published: 08/28/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/26/2009
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Resuscitation Solution, Inc. (Nihon Kohden Corporation), United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
• Original Assignee: Resuscitation Solution, Inc. (Nihon Kohden Corporation), United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
• Inventors: Kramer, George C., Deyo, Donald J., Brandenburg, Allen E., Drew, Guy A., Voigt, Richard B.
• Application Number:
  US14/049,111
• Publication Number:
  US 20140243738A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/67
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/50 with microprocessors or computers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8206 battery-operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1407 Infusion of two or more substances
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1483 using flexible bags externally pressurised by fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16813 by controlling the degree of opening of the flow line
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16854 by monitoring line pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16881 Regulating valves on-off valves, e.g. clamps A61M39/28
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16895 by monitoring weight change, e.g. of infusion container

Abstract

Novel fluid delivery systems are disclosed to improve the delivery of bio-compatible fluids to a patient. The systems can include a housing having a bladder pressurized by a pressurization unit so that fluid flow rate can be controlled, changed and/or monitored. The systems can also include a scale and/or a flow control unit.

Claims

1. A bio-compatible fluid delivery system for controlled delivery of fluids to a patient from an intravenous (IV) bag connected to delivery tubing comprising:

a central controller;

a pressurizing assembly adapted and dimensioned to receive and surround all or part of the intravenous (IV) bag;

a pressurization assembly in fluid communication with the pressurizing assembly and directed by the central controller wherein the pressurization assembly provides pressurization and depressurization of the pressurizing assembly thereby exerting force on the IV bag and a fluid flow through the delivery tubing;

a pressure transducer adapted to engage the delivery tubing, wherein the pressure transducer is in electrical communication with the central controller and measures pressure before and during flow though the delivery tubing and wherein a desired fluid delivery rate is established by the central controller including using measurements from the pressure transducer and calculation of a frictional pressure drop and a wall pressure of the delivery tubing during flow; and

a flow controller adapted to engage the delivery tubing at a location downstream of the pressure transducer and to restrict flow through the delivery tubing, the flow controller in electrical communication with and controlled by the central controller.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressurization and pressurizing assemblies are adapted and dimensioned to deliver over 600 mm Hg and the delivery tubing is adapted and dimensioned to connect with an intraosseous catheter.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressurization and pressurizing assemblies are adapted and dimensioned to deliver over 900 mm Hg and the delivery tubing is adapted and dimensioned to connect with an intraosseous catheter.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising an additional pressure transducer that measures a driving pressure exerted on fluid in the delivery tubing in an absence of flow.

5. The system of claim 1, further comprising an additional pressure transducer that measures a gas pressure exerted on or pressure existent within the IV.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressurizing assembly is adapted to depressurize to ambient pressure in less than 10 seconds.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein a desired fluid delivery rate calculation comprises determining a fluid flow Q by Poiseuille'"'"'s equation:

8. The system of claim 1, wherein a fluid delivery rate calculation comprises empirically relating the frictional pressure drop and the delivery tubing wall pressure to determine an estimation of a fluid flow.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein a driving pressure is obtained by measurement of the delivery tubing pressure in the absence of flow.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the driving pressure is initially obtained by measurement of the delivery tubing pressure in the absence of flow, and during flow is recursively estimated by relating a change in driving pressure to a change in volume, found by numerical integration of a computed flow.

11. A bio-compatible fluid delivery system for controlled delivery of fluids to a patient from an intravenous (IV) bag containing a bio-compatible fluid and connected to delivery tubing comprising:

a central controller;

a pressurizing assembly surrounding the IV bag, the pressurizing assembly in fluid communication with a pressure sensor that measures a pressure P₂ of an interior of the pressurization chamber;

a pressurization assembly in fluid communication with the pressurizing assembly and directed by the central controller, wherein the pressurization assembly provides pressurization and depressurization of the pressurizing assembly thereby exerting force on the IV bag and a fluid flow through the delivery tubing;

an electric gas delivery pump directed by the central controller that delivers a pressurizing gas to the pressurizing assembly;

a pressure release assembly directed by the central controller and in fluid communication with the interior of the pressurizing assembly; and

a flow controller adapted to engage the delivery tubing and to restrict flow through the delivery tubing, the flow controller in electrical communication with and controlled by the central controller,

wherein changes in a volume of the bio-compatible fluid disposed within the IV bag are continuously estimated by computing a series of measurements of electric work of pressurization expended by the electric gas pump.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein changes in the volume of the bio-compatible fluid are continuously estimated by initially computing the volume of the bio-compatible fluid from the series of measurements of electric work of pressurization, and then continuously computing the volume from Boyle'"'"'s Law and conservation of mass between pressurization intervals.

13. The system of claim 11, further comprising temperature sensors in the interior of the pressurization chamber wherein changes in the volume of the bio-compatible fluid are continuously estimated by initially computing the volume of the bio-compatible fluid from the series of measurements of electric work of pressurization, and then continuously computing the volume from the ideal gas law and conservation of mass between pressurization intervals.

14. A bio-compatible fluid delivery system for controlled delivery of fluids to a patient from an intravenous (IV) bag connected to delivery tubing comprising:

a central controller;

a pressurizing assembly surrounding the IV bag, the pressurizing assembly in fluid communication with a pressure sensor that measures a pressure P₂ of an interior of the pressurization chamber;

a pressurization assembly in fluid communication with the pressurizing assembly and directed by the central controller, wherein the pressurization assembly provides pressurization and depressurization of the pressurizing assembly thereby exerting force on the IV bag and a fluid flow through the delivery tubing;

a calibration chamber in fluid communication with a pressure sensor that measures a pressure P₁ in the calibration chamber;

a calibration valve connecting to an interior of the pressurizing assembly with the interior of the calibration chamber, directed by the central controller;

a pressure release assembly directed by the central controller and in fluid communication with the interior of the pressurizing assembly; and

a flow controller adapted to engage the delivery tubing and to restrict flow through the delivery tubing, the flow controller in electrical communication with and controlled by the central controller.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein a compressible gas volume of the interior of the pressurizing assembly, V₂, is computed according to the following equation derived from Boyle'"'"'s law and mass balance:

16. The system of claim 14, wherein changes in a volume of a bio-compatible fluid disposed in the IV bag are determined by intermittently computing the volume of the bio-compatible fluid from mass balance with the calibration chamber, and then continuously or intermittently computing the volume from Boyle'"'"'s Law and conservation of mass between calibration intervals.

17. The system of claim 14, further comprising a temperature sensor in the calibration chamber and a temperature sensor in an interior of the pressurizing assembly wherein a calibration equation is corrected for temperature using the ideal gas law.