SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY DEVICE

• US 20140268899A1
• Filed: 04/15/2014
• Published: 09/18/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/21/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co Limited
• Original Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co Limited
• Inventors: HOSOTANI, Tatsuya
• Granted Patent: US 9,048,741 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 363/17
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0058 by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/01 Resonant DC/DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33507 with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33571 Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33573 Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33576 having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/4815 Resonant converters H02M7/4811 and H02M7/4826 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/4826 operating from a resonant DC source, i.e. the DC input voltage varies periodically, e.g. resonant DC-link inverters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A primary side resonant circuit is formed by a primary side resonant inductor and a primary side resonant capacitor, and secondary side resonant circuits are formed by secondary side resonant inductors and secondary side resonant capacitors. Equivalent mutual inductances and equivalent mutual capacitances are formed through electromagnetic field resonant coupling between a primary winding and secondary windings, and a multi-resonant circuit including an LC resonant circuit formed in each of the primary side and the secondary side is formed. Electric power is transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit, and resonant energy that is not transmitted from the primary winding and, of energy which the secondary winding has received, resonant energy that is not supplied to an output are each retained in the multi-resonant circuit.

Claims

1. A switching power supply device, comprising:

a transformer including at least a primary winding and a secondary winding;

a primary side circuit including

a primary side resonant inductor formed so as to be equivalent to and in series with the primary winding,

a primary side resonant capacitor forming, together with the primary side resonant inductor, a primary side resonant circuit, and

a primary side alternating current voltage generation circuit including at least two switching elements and configured to generate a trapezoidal wave alternating current voltage from an input direct current power supply voltage and to provide the trapezoidal wave alternating current voltage to the primary side resonant circuit; and

a secondary side circuit including

a secondary side resonant inductor formed so as to be equivalent to and in series with the secondary winding,

a secondary side resonant capacitor forming, together with the secondary side resonant inductor, a secondary side resonant circuit, and

a secondary side rectifying circuit including a rectifying element and configured to rectify an alternating current outputted from the secondary side resonant circuit to obtain a direct current voltage,

wherein a mutual inductance is formed equivalently through mutual induction between the primary winding and the secondary winding;

a mutual capacitance is formed equivalently through interaction between the primary winding and the secondary winding; and

a multi-resonant circuit is formed that includes a plurality of LC resonant circuits formed at least in each of the primary side circuit and the secondary side circuit, and

wherein, with the multi-resonant circuit,

the primary side resonant circuit and the secondary side resonant circuit resonate with each other, and electric power is transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit through an electromagnetic field resonant coupling in which currents flow in the mutual inductance and the mutual capacitance;

energy that is not transmitted from the primary winding is retained in the primary side resonant circuit as resonant energy through a resonance phenomenon;

of energy which the secondary winding has received, energy that is not supplied to an output is retained in the secondary side resonant circuit as resonant energy through a resonance phenomenon; and

the secondary side resonant circuit forms a current path that is different from a current path in which the rectifying element is formed in series to transmit electric power from the primary winding to the secondary winding.

2. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein, when a switching frequency is represented by fs and a resonant frequency at which an input impedance seen by an input of the multi-resonant circuit connected to the primary side alternating current voltage generation circuit in a state in which a load is connected to an output of the secondary side circuit is represented by fa, the primary side alternating current voltage generation circuit operates within a range in which fa≦

fs is satisfied to control electric power to be transmitted.

3. The switching power supply device according to claim 2,

wherein, as the secondary side resonant circuit is provided, a predetermined frequency fc at which the switching power supply device operates while maintaining a resonant operation even in a no-load state in which a load is not connected to an output is set, and the switching power supply device operates within a range in which fa≦

fs≦

fc is satisfied to control electric power to be transmitted.

4. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the secondary winding, and the secondary side rectifying circuit rectifies a voltage at the secondary side resonant capacitor.

5. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side resonant capacitor is connected in series with the secondary winding, and the secondary side rectifying circuit rectifies a current in the secondary side resonant capacitor.

6. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the rectifying element that forms the secondary side rectifying circuit.

7. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side rectifying circuit is a bridge rectifying circuit.

8. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side rectifying circuit is a center tap rectifying circuit.

9. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side rectifying circuit is a voltage doubling rectifying circuit.

10. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the switching element is turned on when a voltage across two ends thereof falls to a zero voltage to carry out a zero voltage switching operation.

11. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the primary side resonant inductor or the secondary side resonant inductor is a leakage inductance of the primary winding or the secondary winding.

12. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein a stray capacitance of the primary winding, together with the primary side resonant capacitor, forms the primary side resonant circuit, or a stray capacitance of the secondary winding, together with the secondary side resonant capacitor, forms the secondary side resonant circuit.

13. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein a junction capacitance of the rectifying element is used as the secondary side resonant capacitor.

14. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein a diode connected in parallel with the switching elements is provided.

15. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the switching element is an FET;

the diode connected in parallel is a parasitic diode of the FET; and

a parasitic capacitance of the FET is used as a parallel capacitor.

16. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein a resonant frequency of the primary side resonant circuit is substantially equal to a resonant frequency of the secondary side resonant circuit.

17. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the primary side alternating current voltage generation circuit is a circuit in which four switching elements are in full bridge connection.

18. The switching power supply device according to claim 1,

wherein the secondary side rectifying circuit is a synchronous rectifying circuit that rectifies in synchronization with a switching operation of the primary side alternating current voltage generation circuit.